Dietary- but not exercise-induced acute iso-energetic deficit result in short-term appetitive compensatory responses in adolescents with obesity

Fillon, Alicia; Pélissier, Léna; Beaulieu, Kristine; Charlot, Keyne; Siroux, Julie; Bagot, Sarah; Bailly, Mélina; Boscaro, Audrey; Finlayson, Graham; Boirie‌, Yves; Duclos, Martine; Isacco, Laurie; Pereira, Bruno; Julian, Valérie; Torgerson, David

doi:10.1016/j.appet.2022.106401

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…In parallel with our results, it was determined that ghrelin levels decreased after weight loss with long-term diet and exercise intervention 8 . However, dietary and exercise interventions can initially increase the release of ghrelin triggering an appetite-enhancing response to meet the body's energy needs 12 . The first study on the subject investigated the effects of diet and exercise on food intake and appetite in acute energy deficit induced by diet and exercise in healthy individuals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in ghrelin, GLP-1, and PYY levels after diet and exercise in obese individuals

Alyar,

Umudum,

Akbaş

2024

Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras.

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OBJECTIVE: Diet and exercise, which are the building blocks of obesity management, provide weight loss by creating a negative energy balance. However, the effect of energy deficit induced by long-term diet and exercise on appetite hormones remains unclear. The study was designed to determine the effect of a 12-week diet and exercise program applied to obese individuals on the levels of appetite hormones, namely, ghrelin, GLP-1, and PYY. METHODS: A total of 62 obese individuals (BMI≥30) and 48 healthy controls ) participated in the study. Appropriate diet (1000-1500 kcal/day) and exercise (at least 5000 steps/day) programs were applied to obese individuals according to age, gender, and BMI. The ghrelin, GLP-1, and PYY values of the participants were analyzed by the ELISA method and commercial kit by taking venous blood samples before and after 12 weeks of treatment. RESULTS: While ghrelin levels of individuals decreased significantly after diet and exercise, PYY levels increased significantly. However, despite the treatment applied, the GLP-1 and PYY levels of the case group did not reach the levels of the control group. CONCLUSION: Long-term diet and exercise intervention had a positive effect on appetite regulation hormones. It reduced ghrelin levels after treatment. Associated weight loss was facilitated. In the case group, increased satiety hormones after combined treatment supported the maintenance of body weight by increasing satiety.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in ghrelin, GLP-1, and PYY levels after diet and exercise in obese individuals

Alyar,

Umudum,

Akbaş

2024

Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras.

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“…In this sense, a longer-term intervention and observation period might be better suited to highlight changes in wanting. Future studies are needed to further explore changes in food reward responses as a function of energy flux, with particular consideration of, as indicated by Fillon et al (13) potentially influential factors such as the degree of adiposity and intervention duration. The results of this study must be interpreted in light of some limitations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ANSES (Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l’alimentation, de l’environnement et du travail) nutritional composition was used to calculate energy and macronutrients intake (quantity and proportion) (Ciqual Table, ANSES 2020). Relative EI (REI) at dinner was calculated according to the following formula used in several previous studies (12,13,24,25) : REI (kcal) = EI (kcal) – EE (kcal). The energy expenditures induced by the respective exercises were used to calculate REI during MEF and HEF sessions.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The distribution of macronutrients for each condition is shown in Table 1 in Supplementary Materials. Dinner was served as an ad libitum buffet, and food consumption was measured by members of the investigation team who weighed each food item before and after the meal (this methodology has been previously used and validated in other studies) (11)(12)(13)23) . The components of the meals were chosen on the basis of food preference and dietary habits questionnaires filled out during the inclusion visit.…”

Section: Energy Intakementioning

confidence: 99%

“…When performed at moderate-to-high intensity, physical exercise has been shown to favour a transient anorexigenic effect, decreasing energy intake without affecting appetite feelings in adolescents with obesity (10) . More recently, physical exercise has also been shown to counteract the compensatory appetitive responses that are observed in response to similar energy deficits induced by dietary restrictions, supporting a negative energy balance (11–13) .…”

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confidence: 99%

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Higher energy flux may improve short-term appetite control in adolescents with obesity: the NEXT study

Siroux,

Pereira,

Fillon

et al. 2023

Br J Nutr

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Recent evidence suggests better appetite control in states of high energy flux in adults and lean children. Nevertheless, it is unknown whether this extends to youth with obesity. This study compares the effects of low, moderate, or high energy flux on short-term appetitive control in adolescents with obesity. Sixteen adolescents with obesity (12–16 years, Tanner stage 3–5, 11 females) randomly completed three conditions: i) low energy flux (LEF); ii) moderate energy flux (MEF + 250 kcal); and iii) High Energy Flux (HEF + 500 kcal). Energy flux was achieved in MEF and HEF through elevated energy intake (EI) and concomitant increase in energy expenditure using cycling exercise (65% VO2peak). Ad libitum EI, macronutrient intake and relative EI were assessed at dinner, subjective appetite sensations taken at regular intervals, and food reward measured before dinner. Ad libitum EI at dinner was greater in LEF compared to HEF (p=0.008) and REI was higher in LEF compared to MEF (p=0.003) and HEF (p<0.001). The absolute consumption of carbohydrates was lower in LEF compared with MEF (p=0.047) and HEF (p<0.001). Total area under the curve (AUC) for hunger and desire to eat (DTE) was lower in HEF compared with LEF (p<0.001) and MEF (p=0.038). Total AUC for prospective food consumption (PFC) was lower on HEF compared with LEF (p=0.004). Food choice sweet bias was higher in HEF (p=0.005) compared with LEF. To conclude, increasing energy flux may improve short-term appetite control in adolescents with obesity.

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The energy content of meals with a similar macronutrient distribution may have a greater impact on appetite sensations than food preferences in adolescents with obesity: A secondary analysis

Moore,

Siroux,

Pereira

et al. 2023

Appetite

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Dietary- but not exercise-induced acute iso-energetic deficit result in short-term appetitive compensatory responses in adolescents with obesity

Cited by 6 publications

References 21 publications

Changes in ghrelin, GLP-1, and PYY levels after diet and exercise in obese individuals

Changes in ghrelin, GLP-1, and PYY levels after diet and exercise in obese individuals

Higher energy flux may improve short-term appetite control in adolescents with obesity: the NEXT study

The energy content of meals with a similar macronutrient distribution may have a greater impact on appetite sensations than food preferences in adolescents with obesity: A secondary analysis

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