Dietary Carotenoids and Vitamins A, C, and E and Risk of Breast Cancer

Zhang, Shumin; Hunter, David J.; Forman, Michéle R.; Rosner, Bernard; Speizer, Frank E.; Colditz, Graham A.; Manson, JoAnn E.; Hankinson, Susan E.; Willett, Walter C.

doi:10.1093/jnci/91.6.547

Cited by 341 publications

(214 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Thus, the SQ radical of the CE represents a molecular target susceptible to detoxification by dietary antioxidants such as ascorbate and might represent a defense against estrogenmediated carcinogenesis. It is interesting to note that a study following dietary intake and breast cancer risk among 83,234 women who participated in the Nurse's Health Study (NHS) concluded that consumption of fruits and vegetables high in specific carotenoids and vitamins may reduce premenopausal breast cancer risk (36). This study also showed a substantial reduction in breast cancer risk among premenopausal women who had a positive family history of breast cancer with dietary intake of carotenes, lutein͞zeaxanthin, total vitamin A, and total vitamin C from foods.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Semiquinone radical intermediate in catecholic estrogen-mediated cytotoxicity and mutagenesis: Chemoprevention strategies with antioxidants

Samuni

Chuang

Krishna

et al. 2003

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Modulation of the cytotoxicity and mutagenicity of 4-hydroxyestradiol (4-OHE2), an oxidative metabolite of estrogen, by antioxidants was assessed in human MCF7 cells and TK-6 lymphoblast cells. The cytotoxicity of the catecholic estrogens was potentiated by depletion of intracellular glutathione and was independent of oxygen concentration. Agents such as the nitroxide Tempol can facilitate the oxidation of the semiquinone to the Q and enhanced 4-OHE2 cytotoxicity. Conversely, reducing agents such as ascorbate, cysteine, and 1,4-dihydroxytetramethylpiperidine (THP) protected against cytotoxicity and decreased mutation induction, presumably by reducing the semiquinone to the hydroquinone. Our results support the proposition that oxidation of the semiquinone to the corresponding Q is crucial in eliciting the deleterious effects of catecholic estrogens. Furthermore, because the deleterious effects of 4-OHE 2 were abrogated by dietary and synthetic antioxidants, our results would support the chemopreventive use of diets rich in reducing substances (vitamins and added synthetic antioxidants) as a means of decreasing the risks associated with estrogen exposure and developing of breast cancer.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Semiquinone radical intermediate in catecholic estrogen-mediated cytotoxicity and mutagenesis: Chemoprevention strategies with antioxidants

Samuni

Chuang

Krishna

et al. 2003

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…A similar protective effect for vegetable consumption was found in a meta-analysis of 14 case-control and 3 cohort studies. 31 No protective effect was found in a pooled analysis of data from 7 cohorts 32 but, in some, ascertainment of fruit and vegetable intake 33,34 was poor. Moreover, 2 of the cohorts included in this analysis have since reported protective effects for vegetable intake.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lifelong vegetarianism and risk of breast cancer: A population‐based case‐control study among South Asian migrant women living in England

dos‐Santos‐Silva

Mangtani

McCormack

et al. 2002

Intl Journal of Cancer

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To investigate the role of lifelong vegetarianism on the aetiology of female breast cancer, we conducted a population-based case-control study among South Asian migrant women from the Indian subcontinent resident in England. A total of 240 South Asian breast cancer cases were identified from 2 cancer registries during 1995-1999. For each case, 2 age-matched South Asian controls were randomly selected from the age-sex register of the case practice. Lifelong vegetarians had a slight reduction, although not statistically significant, in the odds of breast cancer relative to lifelong meat-eaters, which persisted after adjustment for socio-demographic and reproductive variables [odds ratio (OR)‫;77.0؍‬ 95% confidence interval (CI)‫05.0؍‬ -1.18]. Analysis by food group revealed no linear trend in the odds of breast cancer with increasing consumption of meat (p‫)01.0؍‬ but the odds were higher for women in the top 75%. In contrast, there were strong inverse trends in the odds of breast cancer with increasing intake of vegetables (p‫,)500.0؍‬ pulses (p‫)700.0؍‬ and fibre [non-starch polysaccharides, NSP (p‫,])20.0؍‬ with women in the highest 25% of intake of these foods having about 50% of the odds of those in the lowest ones. Adjustment for intake of vegetables and pulses reverted the odds of breast cancer in lifelong vegetarians relative to lifelong meateaters (OR‫;40.1؍‬ 95% CI‫)86.1-56.0؍‬ and attenuated the quartile-specific estimates for meat intake, whereas the inverse trends in the odds of breast cancer with intake of vegetables and pulses remained after adjustment for type of diet or meat intake. These findings suggest that lifelong vegetarianism may be associated with a reduction in the risk of breast cancer through its association with a higher intake of vegetables and pulses. Although it is not possible to exclude the possibility that lifelong meat abstention may also play a role, the findings provide evidence that a diet rich in vegetables and pulses, such as those typically found in South Asian diets, may be protective against this cancer. © 2002 Wiley-Liss, Inc. Key words: breast cancer; diet; vegetarianism; migrants; South Asians; EnglandMigrant 1,2 and ecological 3 studies have supported the hypothesis that diet may play a role in the aetiology of female breast cancer. However, results from cohort and case-control studies have been inconsistent. Deficiencies in study design or inaccuracies of dietary assessment methods that introduce non-differential misclassification of exposure leading to relative risk estimates biased towards unity could have contributed to the conflicting results. In addition, a common difficulty in investigating relationships between dietary factors and breast cancer risks with case-control or cohort studies, especially if they are likely to be weak associations, is the relative homogeneity of the diet of Western populations where most such epidemiological studies have been carried out. South Asian populations such as those in India, Pakistan and Bangladesh are characterised by a l...

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“…Overall number of preclinical and observational research studies regarding the role of lutein and zeaxanthin in prevention or reducing the intensity of different cancers continues to evolve from basic research as well as from human studies. These studies directed to bioavailability, metabolism, and dose-response relationships with intermediary biomarkers and clinical outcomes to determine and verify the role of lutein and zeaxanthin in controlling tumor growth in humans (Bertone et al, 2001;Boeke et al, 2014;Chew & Park, 2004;Cho et al, 2003;de Munter, Maasland, van Nkondjock & Ghadirian, 2004;Silvera, Jain, Howe, Miller, & Rohan, 2006;Wang et al, 2014;Yuan, Stam, Arakawa, Lee, & Yu, 2003;Zhang et al, 1999). Although scientific evidence in support of the beneficial role of egg yolk carotenoids in prevention or reducing the intensity of AMD and CVD and neurodegeneration are substantial, research findings about the role of egg carotenoids on different cancers are inconclusive or inconsistent and warranted further research studies, meta-analyzes, to confirm the advantageous effect of egg carotenoids.…”

Section: Cvds Oxidative Stress Alzheimer's and Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Hen egg carotenoids (lutein and zeaxanthin) and nutritional impacts on human health: a review

Zaheer¹

2017

CyTA - Journal of Food

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Hen egg is a unique and important carrier of lipid soluble bioactive carotenoids -lutein and zeaxanthin. Egg yolk carotenoid profile is largely dependent on hen's feed composition. Naturally, lutein and zeaxanthin are polar carotenoids primarily deposited in human retina and provide several protective functions, i.e. protect the macula from damage by blue light, improve visual acuity, and scavenge harmful reactive oxygen species. They have also been linked with reduced risk of agerelated macular degeneration and cataracts, cardiovascular diseases, Alzheimer's, and possibly different cancers. This review summarizes the latest data on content and composition of hen egg carotenoids, effect of processing, feeding systems, feed additives, bioavailability, and physiological effect of egg carotenoids on human health issues.Carotenoides de huevo de gallina (luteína y zeaxantina) e impactos nutricionales en la salud del ser humano: una revisión RESUMEN La yema de huevo es un importante y único portador de carotenoides bioactivos liposolubles: luteína y zeaxantina. El perfil de carotenoides de la yema de huevo depende notablemente de la composición alimentaria de la gallina. La luteína y la zeaxantina son carotenoides polares naturales depositados principalmente en la retina humana y que aportan diversas funciones protectoras, como por ejemplo la protección de la mácula del daño provocado por la luz azulada, la mejora de la agudeza visual y expulsan las especies dañinas reactivas al oxígeno. Estos también están relacionados con reducir el riesgo de degeneración macular producido por la edad y las cataratas, enfermedades cardiovasculares, Alzheimer, además de la posibilidad de diferentes tipos de cáncer. Este estudio resume los datos más recientes acerca del contenido y la composición de los carotenoides de la yema de huevo de gallina, el efecto del procesamiento, los sistemas de alimentación, los aditivos alimentarios, la biodisponibilidad y el efecto psicológico de los carotenoides del huevo en los problemas de salud de las personas. ARTICLE HISTORY

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Dietary Carotenoids and Vitamins A, C, and E and Risk of Breast Cancer

Abstract: Consumption of fruits and vegetables high in specific carotenoids and vitamins may reduce premenopausal breast cancer risk.

Cited by 341 publications

References 33 publications

Semiquinone radical intermediate in catecholic estrogen-mediated cytotoxicity and mutagenesis: Chemoprevention strategies with antioxidants

Semiquinone radical intermediate in catecholic estrogen-mediated cytotoxicity and mutagenesis: Chemoprevention strategies with antioxidants

Lifelong vegetarianism and risk of breast cancer: A population‐based case‐control study among South Asian migrant women living in England

Hen egg carotenoids (lutein and zeaxanthin) and nutritional impacts on human health: a review

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