Dietary cholesterol enhances osmoregulation, antioxidant defenses and immune response of Litopenaeus vannamei to alleviate the macromolecular damage induced by salinity stress

Su, Chen; Li, Jinbao; Zhang, Mengyu; Pan, Luqing; Wang, Yuxuan; Ding, Yanjun; Chen, Zhifei; Lu, Mingxiang

doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2022.738861

Cited by 10 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…A previous study suggested that GLU can provide energy for osmoregulation in an inshore shrimp under unsuitable salinity conditions [41]. Similarly, both TG and T-CHO contents in the salinity-challenged groups were significantly lower than those in the control group at 48 h. Lipids are considered an essential nutrient for crustaceans, and an appropriate cholesterol level can enhance osmoregulation and salinity stress resistance in the shrimp [42,43]. The decrease in TG and T-CHO reflects their utilization as the main energy source, indicating that more TG and T-CHO in the hepatopancreas tissue were catabolized for osmoregulation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Multi-Effects of Acute Salinity Stress on Osmoregulation, Physiological Metabolism, Antioxidant Capacity, Immunity, and Apoptosis in Macrobrachium rosenbergii

Wang,

Li,

Wei

et al. 2023

Antioxidants

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Salinity stress can trigger a series of physiological changes. However, the mechanism underlying the response to acute salinity stress in Macrobrachium rosenbergii remains poorly understood. In this study, osmoregulation, physiological metabolism, antioxidant capacity, and apoptosis were examined over 96 h of acute salinity stress. Hemolymph osmolality increased with increasing salinity. After 48 h of salinity exposure, the glucose, triglycerides, total protein, and total cholesterol contents in two salinity stress groups (13 and 26‰ salinity) were significantly lower than those in the 0‰ salinity group. The highest levels of these parameters were detected at 6 h; however, superoxide dismutase (SOD), total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were the lowest at 96 h in the 13‰ salinity group. The activity of immunity-related enzyme alkaline phosphatase (AKP) showed a decreasing trend with increasing salinity and remained at a low level in the 26‰ salinity group throughout the experiment. No significant differences were observed in aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), or lysozyme (LZM) among the three treatments at 96 h. After 96 h of salinity treatments, the gill filament diameter significantly decreased, and a more pronounced terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL)-positive signal was detected in the 13‰ and 26‰ groups compared to that in the 0‰ group. Expression levels of apoptosis-related genes, including Cysteine-aspartic acid protease 3 (Caspase 3), Cysteine-aspartic acid protease 8 (Caspase 8), Cytochrome c (Cyt-c), tumor suppressor gene (P53), Nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB), and B cell lymphoma 2 ovarian killer (Bok) were significantly higher in the 26‰ salinity group than in the other groups at 24 h, but lower than those in the 0‰ salinity group at 96 h. Cyt-c and P53 levels exhibited a significantly positive relationship with MDA, AST, and LZM activity during salinity stress. In the 13‰ salinity group, Bok expression was significantly correlated with SOD, T-AOC, AKP, acid phosphatase, and LZM activity, whereas in the 26‰ group, the AST content was positively correlated with Caspase 8, Cyt-c, and P53 expression. A significant negative relationship was observed between Caspase 3 expression and catalase (CAT) activity. These findings provide insight into the mechanisms underlying the response to acute salinity stress and will contribute to improving M. rosenbergii aquaculture and management practices.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Multi-Effects of Acute Salinity Stress on Osmoregulation, Physiological Metabolism, Antioxidant Capacity, Immunity, and Apoptosis in Macrobrachium rosenbergii

Wang,

Li,

Wei

et al. 2023

Antioxidants

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“…The hard exoskeleton, while protecting the body of the crustacean, can also inhibit growth, so molting is an important process necessary for the continued growth of crustaceans (Chang and Mykles, 2011). Cholesterol is an essential nutrient for organisms to maintain survival and growth, the structure of the cell membrane, and function as a precursor framework for ecdysone (Su et al, 2023). Ecdysteroids are positive steroid regulator hormones secreted by the Y-organ during molting, involving hydroxylation to 20hydroxyecdysone (Chang and Kaufman, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of growth performance and biochemical components between low salinity tolerant hybrid and imported populations of Pacific white shrimp, Penaeus vannamei

Zhang

Yang

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Penaeus vannamei, a high yield economical shrimp, is confronting germplasm degradation in the brine culture environments found in China. Genetic improvement by hybridization is an effective way to solve this problem. In this study, EB and CE hybrid was obtained from Guam wild B, C and E families from Shanghai Ocean University. EB and CE were used as parents to obtain genetic hybrids suitable for freshwater culture. The control group was shrimp imported from the Hainan Lutai Company. The two groups of shrimp were cultured for 3 months under salinities of 1‰, 5‰, and 15‰. Growth performance-related indicators, biochemical composition, and growth-related gene expression were examined. The results showed that at salinities of 1‰ and 5‰, the survival rate and growth performance of the low salt breeding group were better than those of the imported population. The digestive enzyme activity in the low salt breeding group was higher, which was consistent with its better growth performance, and was also associated with higher triglyceride, total cholesterol, and glycogen content. Lower levels of lactic acid indicated less anaerobic metabolism and better adaptability to the environment. The amino acid analysis of fatty acids showed that levels of essential amino acids and high unsaturated fatty acids were both higher in the low-salt breeding group than in the imported shrimp cultured in low salinity. The expression levels of genes associated with growth and hair removal were also higher in the low salt breeding group than in the imported shrimp group. The results indicated that the hybrid shrimp showed better growth performance and nutritional advantages compared with the imported shrimp under salinities of 1‰ and 5‰. This research provided a valuable reference for subsequent genetic breeding and shrimp culture.

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Influence of crowding density mediated stress on haematological, biochemical indices and molecular changes of Penaeus vannamei reared in inland saline water (ISW) sourced earthen ponds

Pandey,

Pathan,

Sudhagar

et al. 2024

Aquacult Int

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Dietary cholesterol enhances osmoregulation, antioxidant defenses and immune response of Litopenaeus vannamei to alleviate the macromolecular damage induced by salinity stress

Cited by 10 publications

References 47 publications

Multi-Effects of Acute Salinity Stress on Osmoregulation, Physiological Metabolism, Antioxidant Capacity, Immunity, and Apoptosis in Macrobrachium rosenbergii

Multi-Effects of Acute Salinity Stress on Osmoregulation, Physiological Metabolism, Antioxidant Capacity, Immunity, and Apoptosis in Macrobrachium rosenbergii

Comparison of growth performance and biochemical components between low salinity tolerant hybrid and imported populations of Pacific white shrimp, Penaeus vannamei

Influence of crowding density mediated stress on haematological, biochemical indices and molecular changes of Penaeus vannamei reared in inland saline water (ISW) sourced earthen ponds

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