Dietary Determinants of Metabolic Syndrome: Focus on the Obesity and Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD)

Kumar Verma, Manish; Tripathi, Madhulika; Kumar Singh, Brijesh

doi:10.5772/intechopen.114832

Cited by 2 publications

References 69 publications

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Unraveling the Link between Nutrition and Metabolic Syndrome Risk through In Silico Dietary Interventions

Alessi,

McCreery,

Zomorrodi

2024

Preprint

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Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of metabolic disorders that substantially increases the risk of chronic metabolic diseases. Diet is known to play a crucial role in the progression of MetS, yet a mechanistic understanding of its impact on MetS risk remains elusive. To address this gap, we conducted a rigorous in silico diet intervention study by leveraging organ-resolved sex-specific whole-body models (WBMs) of metabolism. These models were utilized to computationally evaluate the effect of 12 diverse dietary regimens on key MetS biomarkers—glucose, triacylglycerides (TAG), LDL-C, and HDL-C—and fatty acid beta-oxidation in both males and females. Our analyses elucidated molecular mechanisms underlying the link between conventionally unhealthy diets and elevated MetS risk. Specifically, a typical Unhealthy or Keto diet indicated elevated TAG storage in the adipocytes and increased LDL-C to HDL-C ratios across both genders. Conversely, healthier dietary patterns like the Mediterranean and Vegan diets promoted favorable metabolic profiles, characterized by lower TAG storage and LDL-C to HDL-C ratios. Notably, plant-based (Vegan and Vegetarian) diets induced elevated fatty acid oxidation compared to high-fat regimens, suggesting their potential in mitigating MetS risk. Pronounced gender differences in metabolic responses to diets were also observed in our analyses, highlighting the need for gender-tailored dietary recommendations. Additionally, our study delineated organ-specific contributions to the MetS biomarkers, with the liver and lungs identified as major regulators of blood glucose homeostasis. Overall, this study contributes to a deeper understanding of the intricate interactions between diet and MetS risk.

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Unraveling the Link between Nutrition and Metabolic Syndrome Risk through In Silico Dietary Interventions

Alessi,

McCreery,

Zomorrodi

2024

Preprint

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Systemic impacts of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) on heart, muscle, and kidney related diseases

Sandireddy,

Sakthivel,

Gupta

et al. 2024

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

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Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), previously known as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), is the most common liver disorder worldwide, with an estimated global prevalence of more than 31%. Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), formerly known as non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), is a progressive form of MASLD characterized by hepatic steatosis, inflammation, and fibrosis. This review aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the extrahepatic manifestations of MASH, focusing on chronic diseases related to the cardiovascular, muscular, and renal systems. A systematic review of published studies and literature was conducted to summarize the findings related to the systemic impacts of MASLD and MASH. The review focused on the association of MASLD and MASH with metabolic comorbidities, cardiovascular mortality, sarcopenia, and chronic kidney disease. Mechanistic insights into the concept of lipotoxic inflammatory “spill over” from the MASH-affected liver were also explored. MASLD and MASH are highly associated (50%–80%) with other metabolic comorbidities such as impaired insulin response, type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia, hypertriglyceridemia, and hypertension. Furthermore, more than 90% of obese patients with type 2 diabetes have MASH. Data suggest that in middle-aged individuals (especially those aged 45–54), MASLD is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular mortality, sarcopenia, and chronic kidney disease. The concept of lipotoxic inflammatory “spill over” from the MASH-affected liver plays a crucial role in mediating the systemic pathological effects observed. Understanding the multifaceted impact of MASH on the heart, muscle, and kidney is crucial for early detection and risk stratification. This knowledge is also timely for implementing comprehensive disease management strategies addressing multi-organ involvement in MASH pathogenesis.

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Dietary Determinants of Metabolic Syndrome: Focus on the Obesity and Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD)

Cited by 2 publications

References 69 publications

Unraveling the Link between Nutrition and Metabolic Syndrome Risk through In Silico Dietary Interventions

Unraveling the Link between Nutrition and Metabolic Syndrome Risk through In Silico Dietary Interventions

Systemic impacts of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) on heart, muscle, and kidney related diseases

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