Dietary determinants of serum paraoxonase activity in healthy humans

Kleemola, Päivi; Freese, Riitta; Jauhiainen, Matti; Pahlman, R.; Alfthan, Georg; Mutanen, Marja

doi:10.1016/s0021-9150(01)00594-9

Cited by 87 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…This implies that smoking one pack of 20 cigarettes/day may decrease serum PON1 activity by ϳ25 U/L. We found no significant association between PON1 and the daily intake of total lipids, saturated fatty acids, ␤-carotenes, vitamin C, or vitamin E. Other studies have recently investigated the relationship between dietary factors and serum PON1 activity in humans (21,38 ). Jarvik et al (21 ) reported a direct relationship between vitamin C and E intake and serum PON1 activity.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 52%

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Regulation of Serum Paraoxonase Activity by Genetic, Nutritional, and Lifestyle Factors in the General Population

et al. 2003

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Background: Paraoxonase may protect lipoproteins and cell membranes from peroxidation, and alterations in the activity of this enzyme have been associated with some chronic diseases. Serum paraoxonase appears to be mainly under genetic control, but some studies suggest that environmental factors may also modulate its activity. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether diet and lifestyle affect serum paraoxonase activity. Methods:We studied a population-based sample of 388 individuals (194 women and 194 men; age range, 18 -75 years) and assessed their daily dietary intake using a 3-day estimated food record. The variables studied included serum paraoxonase activity, paraoxonase polymorphisms at positions 55 and 192, age, gender, smoking status, physical exercise, body mass index, energy consumption, nutrient intake (total lipids, saturated fatty acids, ␤-carotenes, vitamins C and E), and serum lipid concentrations. Results: Multiple linear regression analysis showed that only genetic polymorphisms, serum cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol concentrations, and cigarette smoking were significant predictors of serum paraoxonase activity. HDL-cholesterol concentrations were also related to body mass index, daily energy consumption, and saturated fatty acid intake. Conclusions:The between-individual variability of serum paraoxonase activity is regulated mainly by genetic

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 52%

“…Jarvik et al (21 ) reported a direct relationship between vitamin C and E intake and serum PON1 activity. However, Kleemola et al (38 ) did not confirm these results: they observed an inverse relationship between serum PON1 activity and the intake of ␤-carotenes. We found no such associations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Regulation of Serum Paraoxonase Activity by Genetic, Nutritional, and Lifestyle Factors in the General Population

et al. 2003

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“…Because increasing dietary levels of fat and cholesterol increase HDL levels in baboons (40), it is possible that the dietary category served as a surrogate indicator of HDL metabolism. Studies of diet effects in humans have identified a number of dietary components that can significantly affect PON activity, including ethanol, certain types of fat, and fruits and vegetables (41)(42)(43)(44). Perhaps accounting for some of the reported effects of diet is a xenobiotic responsive element-like sequence within the human PON1 promoter region that appears to mediate the effects of polyphenols on PON expression in vitro (45).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determinants of variation in serum paraoxonase enzyme activity in baboons

Rainwater

Mahaney

Wang

et al. 2005

Journal of Lipid Research

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Paraoxonase (PON), an HDL-associated enzyme, is one of many circulating antioxidants thought to play a vital protective role. To better understand the determinants of quantitative variation in serum PON activity, we assayed PON in samples from 611 pedigreed baboons fed three diets. PON was measured enzymatically; the main determinant of variation was genetic and consisted of at least three components: two loci detected by linkage analyses and a residual polygenic component. Multipoint linkage analyses gave peak log of the odds (LOD) scores on the baboon homolog of human chromosome 7q21-22 (near PON1 , the structural gene) of 9.1 on the low-cholesterol, high-fat diet and 4.1 on the high-cholesterol, high-fat diet (genome-wide P values were 1 ؋ 10 ؊ 8 and 0.0018, respectively). Surprisingly, a second locus on the baboon homolog of human chromosome 12q13 gave a LOD score of 2.9 on the high-cholesterol, high-fat diet (genome-wide P value was 0.032). We identified several significant covariates, including age, sex, diet, and apolipoprotein A-I concentrations. We estimate that 53% of total trait variation in baboons is explained by genes and 17% by covariates, thus accounting for ‫ف‬ 70% of total variation in baboon PON. Although the generation of free radicals is influenced primarily by environmental factors, our findings suggest strong genetic regulation of one component in the antioxidant defense system that plays a major role in susceptibility to atherosclerosis. -Rainwater,

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“…Commercially available ELISA kits were used to measure plasma concentration of ANGPTL3 and ANGPTL4 (R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN), adiponectin (Affymetrix, eBioscience, San Diego, CA), TNF (R&D Systems), and fatty acid binding protein-4 (FABP4) (Laboratorni Medicina a.s., Brno, Czech Republic). Activities of paraoxonase 1 (PON1), phospholipid transfer protein (PLTP), and cholesterol ester transfer protein (CETP) were determined as reported (33)(34)(35).…”

Section: Laboratory Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%