Dietary Diversity and Associated Factors among HIV Positive Adult Patients Attending Public Health Facilities in Motta Town, East Gojjam Zone, Northwest Ethiopia, 2017

Abstract

Introduction. Dietary diversity is defined as the amount of different food groups or foods that are consumed over a specific reference time. The human immune deficiency virus problem remains one of the main public health challenges, especially in low and middle income countries. Nutrition has been linked to both the transmission of human immune deficiency virus and poor outcomes related to human immune deficiency virus. Objective. To assess dietary diversity and associated factors among human immune deficiency virus positive adult patients in Motta administrative town, Northwest Ethiopia, 2017. Methods. A facility based cross-sectional study design was conducted on 410 study participants selected using a stratified sampling technique with proportional allocation. The data were collected using semi-structured and pretested questionnaire. Data were entered into Epi-Data version 3.1 and analysis was performed using SPSS version 20. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the number and percentage of the study variables. The bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were done to identify the independent factors associated with dietary diversity among adult human immune virus (HIV) positive patients. Result. A total of 410 study participants were included in the analysis. Of the total, 121 (29.5%) of adult HIV positive respondents consumed diversified diet with the mean dietary diversity score of 3.2 (SD±1.88). The predominant food item consumed during the study periods was starchy staples (96.1%) and legumes (81.7%). Having means of communication cell phone (mobile phone) [(AOR= 2.13 (1.16, 3.60)], media exposure status in the household [(AOR =1.95 (1.22, 3.11)] and nutrition counselling [(AOR =2.17 (1.09, 4.67)] were significant factors associated with dietary diversified feeding at 95% CI. Conclusion. The study revealed that low dietary diversity score was significant nutritional problem among HIV positive adults in Motta town health facilities. Having mobile cell phone, media exposure status and nutritional counseling were significantly associated with dietary diversity score. Therefore efforts should be strengthened to improve the counseling service at each health institution and encourage the patients to use media for the source of information.

<p>Dietary Diversity and Associated Factors Among Adult HIV Positive Patients on Anti-Retroviral Therapy in Public Hospitals of Kembata Tembaro Zone, Southern Ethiopia</p>

“…Those adult HIV patients who got dietary counseling were more likely to have a diversified diet compared to those who did not have counseling. This finding is similar with the studies done in Motta Town, East Gojjam Zone, Northwest Ethiopia, 22 and Nairobi-Kenya. 32 The possible explanation for this result might be that those HIV patients who got nutritional counseling had higher chance about awareness of nutrition impacts dietary diversity.…”

“…9,20,21 Studies done in Ethiopia show that low dietary diversity among HIV-positive patients were at levels of 28.7% to 71% and that lower income or wealth status, occupational status, educational status, separated from husband/ wife, media exposure in household, nutritional counseling, shorter duration of ART, taking cotrimoxazole prophylaxis are among the most common factors which affect dietary diversity status of HIV patients on ART. 7,11,14,19,22 Ethiopia had made a notable effort to address the influence of HIV/AIDS on nutrition by establishing national guidelines for taking action to deliver quality care and support to HIV-positive patients. 23 Also, it provided livelihood support and food support and strengthened communitybased nutrition care and support activities for PLHIV through health extension workers and agriculture extension workers in addition to ART, care, and support.…”

“…Studies done in Ethiopia show that low dietary diversity among HIV-positive patients were at levels of 28.7% to 71% and that lower income or wealth status, occupational status, educational status, separated from husband/wife, media exposure in household, nutritional counseling, shorter duration of ART, taking cotrimoxazole prophylaxis are among the most common factors which affect dietary diversity status of HIV patients on ART. 7 , 11 , 14 , 19 , 22 …”

Magnitude of Hypertension and Associated Factors Among Human Immunodeficiency Virus Positive Adults Receiving Anti-Retroviral Therapy at Debre Markos Referral Hospital, Northwest, Ethiopia

“…The questionnaires were adapted and modified into the local context from previous works in the literature. 16 , 33–41 To measure blood pressure the patient’s arm was bare and supported, use a cuff size appropriate for the patient arm (length of the bladder should be 80%, and the width of the bladder should be at least 40% of the circumference of the upper arm), the lower edge of cuff 3 cm above elbow crease, did not talk or moved before or during the measurement, legs uncrossed and feet flat on the floor. The average of at least two BP measurements spaced 2 minutes apart should be taken, and the average was used in the analysis.…”

Predictors of dietary diversity among adults on antiretroviral therapy in Debre Tabor Hospital, northwest Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study

“…For instance, 58.8 and 62.3% of the PLHIV in Nigeria and Uganda (14,15) received inadequate dietary diversity respectively while, 28.7-58.8% of adults obtained inadequate dietary diversity in Ethiopia (13,16). Previous studies reported residence (17), wealth index (13,17), employment status (13), duration of ART treatment (16), owning mobile cell phones (18), media exposure status (18) and nutritional counseling (18) were factors affecting dietary diversity among adults living with HIV/AIDS. Ethiopia has made a notable effort to address the impact of HIV/AIDS on nutrition by preparing national guidelines for HIV/AIDS and by taking actions to provide quality care and support to people living with the disease (19).…”