Dietary Diversity Practice and Associated Factors Among Pregnant Women Attending Anc in Kolfe Keranyo Sub City Health Center, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Abstract

Background: Adequate and healthy diet during pregnancy is essential for the health of both mother and newborn. Dietary diversity is a proxy indicator of maternal nutrient adequacy. However, little is documented on dietary diversity among pregnant women. Objectives: This study was designed to assess the dietary diversity practice and associated factors among pregnant women attending ANC in health centers of the coffee keranyo sub city, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methods: Institution based cross-sectional study was conducted on 406 randomly selected pregnant women attending ANC in health centers of the coffee keranyo sub city, Addis Ababa from March 2-April 2/ 2018. Data were collected by using interviewer and 24 H dietary recall method. Data had entered and analyzed using SPSS version 21. Multiple logistic regression was run to assess factors associated with the dependent variable at P<0.05. Result: The mean DDS was 5.45 +-1.83. About 60.9% of pregnant women had good dietary diversity practice. Pregnant women learned collage and above had more dietary diversity practice than the illiterate one [AOR=2.26, 95% CI: (1.066, 4.808)]. Pregnant women with monthly income more than 5,000 ETB had more dietary diversity than income less than 2,000 ETB [AOR=2.33, 95% CI: (1.234, 4.416)]. Pregnant women at second ANC visit had more dietary diversity than at the first visit [AOR=2.42, 95% CI: (1.183, 4.952)]. Having nutrition information during pregnancy increases 2 times dietary diversity practice than none informed ones [AOR=2.10, 95% CI: (1.294, 3.422)].Conclusion and Recommendation: The mean DDS among the pregnant mothers was 5.45. 60.9% of pregnant women had a good dietary diversity score and 39.1 % had poor dietary diversity. Mothers’ education, monthly income, second and third ANC visit and nutrition information had a positive significant with pregnant mothers’ dietary diversity (P<0.05. Early initiation of ANC visit and incorporation of nutrition education at each visit should be practiced. Health extension workers should provide nutritional education to every pregnant woman.

Prevalence and factors associated with adequate dietary diversity among pregnant women in Nekemte town, Western Ethiopia, 2021

“…The findings of the present study are in agreement with several studies in Ethiopia that reported that women who had not yet started to consume an additional meal in pregnancy were less likely to have an adequate diversified diet compared to those who had started consuming additional meals (23,27). Another study in the east Gojjam zone of northwest Ethiopia and Hossana town, south Ethiopia found that increasing meal frequency improves women's dietary diversity (36,37). This might be because pregnant women who consume an additional meal per day have a greater chance of accessing different food groups.…”

“…In this study, pregnant women who had attended antenatal care were more likely to consume diversified food groups compared with their counterparts. Other studies carried out in Ethiopia showed that pregnant women who had ANC visit were more likely to attain adequate dietary diversity than those who had not (36,37). Furthermore, a study conducted in Ghana investigated that frequent ANC attendance was a significant independent predictor of maternal dietary diversity (31).…”

Dietary Diversity, Nutritional Status, and Associated Factors Among Pregnant Women in Their First Trimester of Pregnancy in Ambo District, Western Ethiopia

“…Similarly, a study conducted in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, showed that 31.3% of pregnant women exclude at least one food group from their meals due to traditional food taboos. 53 The current study revealed that the overall prevalence of undernutrition among the study participants was 23.9% (95% CI = 22.3, 25.5). According to World Health Organization (WHO) Prevalence cut-off values for public health significance, if the prevalence of undernutrition among adults, including pregnant women, is between 20% and 30%, then it is considered a high prevalence (serious situation), so based on the cut-off value, the study participants in our study area are in a serious situation.…”

“…Similarly, a study conducted in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, showed that 31.3% of pregnant women exclude at least one food group from their meals due to traditional food taboos. 53…”