Dietary fat and breast cancer in Saudi Arabia: a case-control study

Al-Othaimeen, Abdulaziz I.; Ezzat, A.; Mohamed, Ghada R.; Muammar, Tawfik; Al-Madouj, Amal

doi:10.26719/2004.10.6.879

Cited by 22 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…In Saudi Arabia, a significant positive association was found between the intake of fats, protein, and calories and the risk of breast cancer. Adjusted odds ratios for the highest quartile of intake versus the lowest were 1.88 for cholesterol, 2.12 for polyunsaturated fat, 2.25 for animal protein, 2.43 for saturated fat, and 2.69 for total energy from dietary intake ( 64 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unhealthy Dietary Habits and Obesity: The Major Risk Factors Beyond Non-Communicable Diseases in the Eastern Mediterranean Region

Al-Jawaldeh

Abbass

2022

Front. Nutr.

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There are 22 countries in the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR) expanding from Morocco in the west to Pakistan and Afghanistan in the east, containing a population of 725,721 million in 2020. In the previous 30 years, the illness burden in the EMR has transmitted from communicable diseases to non-communicable diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer. In 2019, cardiovascular mortality in the EMR was mostly attributed to ischemic heart disease, the first reason for mortality in 19 countries in the region. Stroke was the second reason for death in nine countries followed by diabetes, which was ranked as the second reason for death in two countries. The prominent nutrition-related NCDs risk factors in EMR include obesity, hypertension, high fasting plasma glucose, and upregulated unhealthy diet consumption. Most of the EMR population are unaware of their NCDs risk factor status. These risk factors, even if treated, are often poorly controlled, therefore, inhibiting their existence by changing the lifestyle to proper dietary habits and sufficient physical activity is mandatory. In this review, the epidemiology and nutrition-related risk factors of NCDs in the EMR will be discussed and illustrated, aiming to scale up action and support decision-makers in implementing cost effective strategies to address obesity and NCDs prevention and management in the region.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unhealthy Dietary Habits and Obesity: The Major Risk Factors Beyond Non-Communicable Diseases in the Eastern Mediterranean Region

Al-Jawaldeh

Abbass

2022

Front. Nutr.

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“…However, most of the studies in this review were conducted in urban cities, rather than in rural areas, which share the same standard of living, lifestyle and availability of restaurants that provide fast food and high-calorie drinks. In addition, the new large geographical regions we used in this study may have obscured the small variations in prevalence of obesity/overweight that were noticed in other studies using smaller geographical regions [ 10 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many studies have reported a significant association between overweight and obesity and physical inactivity in Saudi Arabia [ 7 , 8 , 9 ]. Furthermore, there is a noticeable change in the pattern of diet in the Saudi community, with minimal consumption of fruits, vegetables, and fiber, and a high intake of sugar, saturated fat, and salt [ 10 ]. Published studies have demonstrated a significant association between overweight and obesity and unhealthy diet in the Saudi population [ 9 , 11 , 12 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Age, Gender, Temporality, and Geographical Region on the Prevalence of Obesity and Overweight in Saudi Arabia: Scope of Evidence

et al. 2023

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Objectives: The objectives of this scoping review are to estimate the prevalence of obesity and overweight in the Saudi community and in different age groups, genders, and geographical location, in addition to the change in prevalence over time. Methods: This scoping review of evidence was conducted in accordance with the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology for scoping reviews and was reported following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines. The population of this review was categorized into four age groups: young adults (18–25 years), adults (26–45), (mid-life adults) (46–60) and old people (60+). Each group was then categorized by gender into males and females. We included studies of adults aged 18 years and above. The pooled prevalence of obesity and overweight of the population, based on BMI, was estimated after stratification based on the age, gender, and geographical area. In addition, the change in the prevalence of obesity/overweight over time from 2011 to 2021 was investigated from the pooled data. The Metaprop program in Stata was used for statistical analysis. Results: A total of 39 studies with 640,952 participants were included in this review. The pooled prevalence of obesity and overweight in the age group of ≤25 years old, including both genders, was 30%. However, it was higher in young males (40%) compared to young females (25%). The prevalence of obesity and overweight among young adults has dropped by over 40% between 2012 and 2021. The overall pooled prevalence rate of obesity and overweight in the age groups >25 years old (adults, mid-life, and old people), including both genders, was 66%, with similar prevalence among males (68%) and females (71%). In addition, a similar prevalence was observed among both adult and old people (62% and 65%, respectively), but was higher in the mid-life group (76%). Furthermore, mid-life women had the highest prevalence among all groups (87%), compared to 77% among males in the same age group. The same difference in prevalence between the gender persisted in older females compared to older males (79% vs. 65%, respectively). There is a noticeable drop in the pooled prevalence of overweight and obesity among adults > 25 years old of over 28% between 2011 and 2021. There was no difference in the prevalence of obesity/overweight by geographical region. Conclusions: Despite the noticeable drop in the prevalence of obesity in the Saudi community, the prevalence of high BMI is high in Saudi Arabia irrespective of age, gender, or geographical location. Mid-life women have the highest prevalence of high BMI, which makes them the focus of a tailored strategy for intervention. Further research is needed to investigate which are the most effective interventions to address obesity in the country.

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“…[ 31 32 33 ] It has been discovered that high urine acid excretion, which lowers urine pH, is a characteristic of metabolic syndrome and is linked to the level of insulin resistance. [ 34 ] Apart from the weight irregularities noted in our group, a significant segment of the patients had one or more metabolic abnormalities such as diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, or hyperuricemia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Management of nephrolithiasis in the Middle East over a recent decade: A systematic review

Ahmed

2024

Urology Annals

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Nephrolithiasis is a prevalent issue around the globe, particularly in hot climates such as Saudi Arabia. This analysis’s objectives were to investigate the characteristics of kidney stones in Eastern Saudi Arabia and to provide the following findings: urinary stone composition, gender and age distribution, seasonal variations in stone formation, coexisting diseases linked to stone development, and urinary stone incidence. With comparisons to European and American populations, the primary risk factors for nephrolithiasis in Asian populations are to be determined through this systematic review and meta-analysis. We synthesized data from 13 geographically different studies using a thorough literature search through PubMed, ScienceDirect, and ResearchGate following the Preferred Reporting Items of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses criteria. Potential targets for specialized public health programs were highlighted by the elucidation of differences in health-care-seeking behavior and disparities in health-care access. The results of this systematic analysis give doctors, researchers, and policymakers a thorough understanding of the condition of nephrolithiasis care in Saudi Arabia today. In addition, to maximize the care of nephrolithiasis in this particular group, this review identifies information gaps and highlights the necessity of context-specific guidelines and future research initiatives. All things considered, this systematic review addresses the unique possibilities and problems that exist within the Saudi Arabian health-care sector while also adding to the worldwide conversation on nephrolithiasis.

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Dietary fat and breast cancer in Saudi Arabia: a case-control study

Cited by 22 publications

References 19 publications

Unhealthy Dietary Habits and Obesity: The Major Risk Factors Beyond Non-Communicable Diseases in the Eastern Mediterranean Region

Unhealthy Dietary Habits and Obesity: The Major Risk Factors Beyond Non-Communicable Diseases in the Eastern Mediterranean Region

The Impact of Age, Gender, Temporality, and Geographical Region on the Prevalence of Obesity and Overweight in Saudi Arabia: Scope of Evidence

Management of nephrolithiasis in the Middle East over a recent decade: A systematic review

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