Dietary Fat and Carbohydrates Are Independently Associated With Circulating Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 and Insulin-Like Growth Factor–Binding Protein 3 Concentrations in Healthy Adults

Kaklamani, Virginia; Linos, Athena; Kaklamani, E; Markaki, Ioanna; Koumantaki, Yvonni; Mantzoros, Christos S.

doi:10.1200/jco.1999.17.10.3291

Cited by 115 publications

(94 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Both energy and protein are needed to restore IGF-I after fasting [11]. Our results, in a study population with adequate intake of energy and protein, are consistent with most previous cross-sectional studies, in which no association between energy and protein intake and circulating IGF-I and IGFBP-3 was observed [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. The two largest cross-sectional studies did show a positive association between IGF-I and protein intake within the normal range [22,23], as is also found by two smaller studies [21,24].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Severe energy and protein restriction was found to lower serum IGF-I levels in both animals and humans [11]. Results of cross-sectional studies investigating the relation between the normal range of energy and protein intake and serum IGF-I levels are conflicting [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20], with only few studies showing a significant positive association [21][22][23][24]. Alcohol consumption can possibly increase IGF-I production by the liver [25], but has been inconsistently related to IGF-I and IGFBP-3 levels in cross-sectional studies [14,15,17,22,26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dietary Determinants of Circulating Insulin-like Growth Factor (IGF)-I and IGF Binding Proteins 1, -2 and -3 in Women in the Netherlands

Vrieling

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Mesquita

et al. 2004

Cancer Causes Control

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Objective: Epidemiological studies suggest that individuals with elevated plasma concentrations of insulin-like growth factor (IGF-I) are at increased risk of developing cancer. We assessed whether dietary intake of total energy, protein, alcohol, phytoestrogens and related foods, and tomatoes and lycopene was associated with plasma levels of IGF-I and IGF binding proteins (IGFBPs) in Dutch women. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 224 premenopausal and 162 postmenopausal women, aged 49-69, participating in the Prospect-EPIC study in the Netherlands. Diet was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire. Results: In postmenopausal women, higher alcohol intake was associated with lower plasma IGFBP-1 concentrations (alcohol 1.4 to 20 g/day: 20% decrease in IGFBP-1; p ¼ 0.04), and higher intake of plant lignans was associated with higher IGFBP-1 concentrations (plant lignans 0 to 1 mg/day: 59% increase in IGFBP-1; p ¼ 0.02). Higher soy intake was associated with higher plasma IGFBP-2 concentrations in premenopausal women (soy 0 to 2.5 g/day: 3% increase in IGFBP-2; p ¼ 0.04). No independent associations of dietary factors with IGF-I or IGFBP-3 concentrations were observed. However, in premenopausal women alcohol intake was inversely associated with IGF-I and positively associated with IGFBP-3 after mutual adjustment. Conclusions: In this study population, with limited variation in dietary intake, total energy, protein, phytoestrogens and lycopene were not associated with IGF-I and IGFBP-3. Alcohol was inversely, and some measures of phytoestrogen intake were positively associated with plasma IGFBP-1 or -2 concentrations. The roles of IGFBP-1 and -2 in relation to IGF-I bioactivity and cancer deserve further investigation.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Determinants of Circulating Insulin-like Growth Factor (IGF)-I and IGF Binding Proteins 1, -2 and -3 in Women in the Netherlands

Vrieling

Voskuil

Mesquita

et al. 2004

Cancer Causes Control

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“…[35][36][37] Carbohydrates have been directly associated to higher IGF-I levels in studies in North America and the United Kingdom, where the carbohydrate components of the diet tend to be of higher GI values, 38 -40 while inverse associations were found in a study from Greece, where carbohydrate foods, as part of the Mediterranean dietary tradition, tend to have lower GI. 41 One study found a positive association between dietary GL and IGF-I, 40 and in an intervention study of diet and exercise, IGF-1 was decreased by 20% after 11 days on a high-carbohydrate/ high-fiber diet where carbohydrates accounted for 70 -75% of calories (mostly from low-GI foods such as legumes, whole grains and fruit) compared to the common intake of 50 -55% of calories. 42 In the latter study, the serum of individuals after the intervention period (high-carbohydrate/low-GI foods) reduced the growth of prostate cancer cell lines in vitro significantly more than at baseline (low fiber-high GI diets).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glycemic index, glycemic load and risk of prostate cancer

Augustin

Galeone

Maso

et al. 2004

Intl Journal of Cancer

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Dietary carbohydrates have different glycemic and insulinemic potentials depending on type (glycemic index, GI) and amount (glycemic load, GL) of carbohydrate consumed or both. Insulin in turn has been implicated as a risk factor for several cancers, including that of the prostate. We assessed the relationship of GI and GL with prostate cancer risk in a multicenter case-control study. Dietary factors associated with a Western lifestyle, such as high intakes of refined carbohydrates, fat, meat, dairy foods and excess energy, as well as lack of physical activity have been shown to increase prostate cancer risk. 1-5 A Western lifestyle is also associated with insulin resistance, which in turn has been linked to higher prostate cancer risk. 6 Dietary carbohydrates have different potentials to raise blood glucose and insulin levels and, hence, to modulate insulin sensitivity.The physiologic classification of carbohydrate foods based on postprandial blood glucose response is defined as the GI, a measure of carbohydrate quality (e.g., fast vs. slowly absorbable carbohydrates). 7 Derived from the GI is the GL, which represents quality and quantity of carbohydrate foods. The GI and GL of the diet are emerging risk factors for cancer, which have attracted attention following the association of the metabolic syndrome with the process of carcinogenesis. 6,8 -16 It has been proposed that low GI foods, by virtue of their slower rate of intestinal absorption, and insulin economy (reduced insulin levels) for a given carbohydrate load 17,18 may reduce the risk of insulin-related diseases including cancer. 13 The IGF system, which is also dependent on insulin levels, and in particular high levels of IGF-I, has been related to excess prostate cancer risk. 19 -22 However, no studies have yet looked at the association between prostate cancer risk and types of dietary carbohydrate using their physiologic classification. We therefore investigated the association of dietary GI and GL with prostate cancer risk in a casecontrol study conducted in Italy. MATERIAL AND METHODSA multicenter case-control study of prostate cancer was conducted in Italy between 1991 and 2002. 23 Cases were 1,204 men (median age 66, range 46 -74 years) admitted with incident, histologically confirmed prostate cancer to the major teaching and general hospitals in the greater Milan area, the provinces of Pordenone and Gorizia in northern Italy, the province of Latina in central Italy and the urban area of Naples in southern Italy. Among cases, 39% were diagnosed because of symptoms, 23% through screening and 16% accidentally. For 22% of cases there was no information on type of diagnosis. Histologic grade (Gleason score) was 2-6 for 41% of cases, Ն7 for 30% of cases and unknown for the other 29%. Controls were 1,352 men (median age 63, range 46 -74 years) admitted to the same network of hospitals as cases for acute, nonmalignant conditions unrelated to long-term modifications of diet. Among controls, 33% had nontraumatic orthopedic disorders, 21% trauma, 17% s...

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“…In a clinical trial high carbohydrate=high-GI diets increased IGF-1 levels compared to low carbohydrate diets in obese subjects (Prewitt et al, 1992). The opposite was shown in a small cross-sectional study in Greece where an independent and negative association was found between circulating IGF-1 levels and energy from carbohydrates (Kaklamani et al, 1999). The Mediterranean diet, however, is known to contain several food items with low GI values and it is possible that the dietary GL in this Greek population was lower than in a typical Western diet used in the clinical study by Prewitt et al (1992).…”

Section: Glycemic Index In Chronic Diseasementioning

confidence: 93%

Glycemic index in chronic disease: a review

et al. 2002

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Aim: The intent of this review is to critically analyze the scientific evidence on the role of the glycemic index in chronic Western disease and to discuss the utility of the glycemic index in the prevention and management of these disease states. Background: The glycemic index ranks foods based on their postprandial blood glucose response. Hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance, as well as their determinants (eg high energy intake, obesity, lack of physical activity) have been implicated in the etiology of diabetes, coronary heart disease and cancer. Recently, among dietary factors, carbohydrates have attracted much attention as a significant culprit, however, different types of carbohydrate produce varying glycemic and insulinemic responses. Low glycemic index foods, characterized by slowly absorbed carbohydrates, have been shown in some studies to produce beneficial effects on glucose control, hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance, blood lipids and satiety. Method: Studies on the short and long-term metabolic effects of diets with different glycemic indices will be presented and discussed. The review will focus primarily on clinical and epidemiological data, and will briefly discuss in vitro and animal studies related to possible mechanisms by which the glycemic index may influence chronic disease.

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Dietary Fat and Carbohydrates Are Independently Associated With Circulating Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 and Insulin-Like Growth Factor–Binding Protein 3 Concentrations in Healthy Adults

Cited by 115 publications

References 40 publications

Dietary Determinants of Circulating Insulin-like Growth Factor (IGF)-I and IGF Binding Proteins 1, -2 and -3 in Women in the Netherlands

Dietary Determinants of Circulating Insulin-like Growth Factor (IGF)-I and IGF Binding Proteins 1, -2 and -3 in Women in the Netherlands

Glycemic index, glycemic load and risk of prostate cancer

Glycemic index in chronic disease: a review

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