Dietary Fiber and Bile Acid Metabolism

Story, Jon A.; Watterson, Julia J.; Matheson, Hugh B.; Furumoto, Emily J.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4684-5784-1_5

Cited by 14 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…However, there was no increase in alkaline phosphatase activity, either linear or quadratic, in response to increasing levels of SFM (P > 0.05). Because a higher dietary fiber content is known to reduce dietary fat utilization by deconjugation of bile salts [41,42], which might have reduced fat absorption through the gut, the body fat (liver fat) might have been utilized for the metabolic needs and thereby increased the HDL concentration in serum. The reduced tri-glyceride concentration in the serum of broilers fed a higher level of SFM (210 g/kg of diet) also supports this hypothesis.…”

Section: Blood Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the nutritional value of sunflower meal and its effect on performance, digestive enzyme activity, organ weight, and histological alterations of the intestinal villi of broiler chickens

Moghaddam

Salari

Arshami

et al. 2012

Journal of Applied Poultry Research

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Section: Blood Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the nutritional value of sunflower meal and its effect on performance, digestive enzyme activity, organ weight, and histological alterations of the intestinal villi of broiler chickens

Moghaddam

Salari

Arshami

et al. 2012

Journal of Applied Poultry Research

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“…The effects and targets of microRNAs on Cyp7a1 and cholesterol metabolism are also summarised in Table 1. The concept that diet can regulate BA synthesis is not a new one, in fact fibre is well known to regulate BA synthesis [19,20,21,22,23], however, the idea that bio-actives within food, particularly polyphenols, can increase CYP7A1 without increased food consumption is an exciting field and will be considered in the following sections.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyphenol Effects on Cholesterol Metabolism via Bile Acid Biosynthesis, CYP7A1: A Review

et al. 2019

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Atherosclerosis, the main contributor to coronary heart disease, is characterised by an accumulation of lipids such as cholesterol in the arterial wall. Reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) reduces cholesterol via its conversion into bile acids (BAs). During RCT in non-hepatic peripheral tissues, cholesterol is transferred to high-density lipoprotein (HDL) particles and returned to the liver for conversion into BAs predominantly via the rate-limiting enzyme, cholesterol 7 α-hydroxylase (CYP7A1). Numerous reports have described that polyphenol induced increases in BA excretion and corresponding reductions in total and LDL cholesterol in animal and in-vitro studies, but the process whereby this occurs has not been extensively reviewed. There are three main mechanisms by which BA excretion can be augmented: (1) increased expression of CYP7A1; (2) reduced expression of intestinal BA transporters; and (3) changes in the gut microbiota. Here we summarise the BA metabolic pathways focusing on CYP7A1, how its gene is regulated via transcription factors, diurnal rhythms, and microRNAs. Importantly, we will address the following questions: (1) Can polyphenols enhance BA secretion by modulating the CYP7A1 biosynthetic pathway? (2) Can polyphenols alter the BA pool via changes in the gut microbiota? (3) Which polyphenols are the most promising candidates for future research? We conclude that while in rodents some polyphenols induce CYP7A1 expression predominantly by the LXRα pathway, in human cells, this may occur through FXR, NF-KB, and ERK signalling. Additionally, gut microbiota is important for the de-conjugation and excretion of BAs. Puerarin, resveratrol, and quercetin are promising candidates for further research in this area.

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“…() reported that serum cholesterol increased in birds fed diets containing gossypol. Higher dietary fibre content is known to reduce dietary fat utilization by deconjugation of bile salts (Story and Kritchevsky, ; Story and Furumoto, ) which might have reduced fat absorption through the gut, the body fat (liver fat) might have been utilized for the metabolic needs and thereby increased the HDL concentration in serum. The reduced triglyceride concentration in the serum of broilers fed a higher level of CSM (24%) also supports this hypothesis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional Value of electron beam irradiated cottonseed meal in broiler chickens

Nayefi

Salari

Sari

et al. 2015

Animal Physiology Nutrition

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This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of electron beam-irradiated cottonseed meal on performance, carcass characteristics and some blood parameters of broiler chicks. Treatments were cottonseed meal (CSM) at levels of 12% and 24% (raw and irradiated at 30 kGy) and corn-soya bean meal diet (as control, without CSM and without irradiation) that used with five dietary treatments, four replicates and 10 birds of each for 42 days in completely randomized design. Feed intake (FI) and body weight gain (BWG) were recorded weekly. At 42 days of age, two birds per pen were randomly selected for the determination of carcass characteristics and blood parameters. BWG decreased with increasing levels of dietary CSM during the experiment (p < 0.05). In addition, radiation had significant positive effect in broilers fed 12% compared with those fed 24% CSM. FI in chicks fed control and diet containing 24% CSM were increased significantly in starter period. But FI was significantly decreased in broilers consumed CSM compare to the control in grower and during the experiment. Feed conversion ratio (FCR) increased with increasing levels of CSM in the diets. Relative weights of liver, gastrointestinal tract (GI), pancreas, gizzard and abdominal fat were increased by increasing levels of CSM in the diet (p < 0.05). Glucose, cholesterol, HDL, triglyceride and phosphorous concentrations increased, and LDL concentration decreased as the dietary CSM levels increased (p < 0.05). But radiation had not significant effect on blood parameters. Electron irradiation seems to be a good procedure to improve the nutritional quality of CSM, but it seems higher dose of it was needed to improve performance of chickens.

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Dietary Fiber and Bile Acid Metabolism

Cited by 14 publications

References 13 publications

Evaluation of the nutritional value of sunflower meal and its effect on performance, digestive enzyme activity, organ weight, and histological alterations of the intestinal villi of broiler chickens

Evaluation of the nutritional value of sunflower meal and its effect on performance, digestive enzyme activity, organ weight, and histological alterations of the intestinal villi of broiler chickens

Polyphenol Effects on Cholesterol Metabolism via Bile Acid Biosynthesis, CYP7A1: A Review

Nutritional Value of electron beam irradiated cottonseed meal in broiler chickens

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