Dietary Fiber: Fact and Fiction

Bennett, William G.; Cerda, James J.

doi:10.1159/000171538

Cited by 23 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…In contrast, high “fruit&vegetable” dietary pattern scores were associated with improved diarrhea scores. Dietary fiber, mainly found in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and legumes, are known to be protective against constipation (38,39). Early case reports and studies showed a beneficial effect of dietary fiber on fecal incontinence and diarrhea (40,41).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations Between Dietary Patterns and Longitudinal Quality of Life Changes in Colorectal Cancer Patients: The ColoCare Study

Gigic

Boeing

Tóth

et al. 2017

Nutrition and Cancer

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Quality of life (QoL) is an important clinical outcome in cancer patients. We investigated associations between dietary patterns and QoL changes in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. The study included 192 CRC patients with available EORTC QLQ-C30 data before and 12 months post-surgery and food frequency questionnaire data at 12 months post-surgery. Principal component analysis was used to identify dietary patterns. Multivariate regression models assessed associations between dietary patterns and QoL changes over time. We identified four major dietary patterns: “Western” dietary pattern characterized by high consumption of potatoes, red and processed meat, poultry, and cakes, “fruit&vegetable” pattern: high intake of vegetables, fruits, vegetable oils, and soy products, “bread&butter” pattern: high intake of bread, butter and margarine, and “high-carb” pattern: high consumption of pasta, grains, nonalcoholic beverages, sauces and condiments. Patients following a “Western” diet had lower chances to improve in physical functioning (OR = 0.45 [0.21–0.99]), constipation (OR = 0.30 [0.13–0.72]) and diarrhea (OR: 0.44 [0.20–0.98]) over time. Patients following a “fruit&vegetable” diet showed improving diarrhea scores (OR: 2.52 [1.21–5.34]. A “Western” dietary pattern after surgery is inversely associated with QoL in CRC patients, whereas a diet rich in fruits and vegetables may be beneficial for patients’ QoL over time.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations Between Dietary Patterns and Longitudinal Quality of Life Changes in Colorectal Cancer Patients: The ColoCare Study

Gigic

Boeing

Tóth

et al. 2017

Nutrition and Cancer

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“…With this regard, volunteers who participated in this study were non-smokers, consumed very low amounts of alcohol and had a similar, medium-high, education level. In the non-cocoa stage, the intake of fibre (Table 2) was near to the lower limit of the various daily fibre recommendations, which range from 15 to 35 g [28]. The regular consumption of either cocoa product improved the intake of DF with respect to the non-cocoa stage, particularly that corresponding to cocoa product B.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Effects of regularly consuming dietary fibre rich soluble cocoa products on bowel habits in healthy subjects: a free-living, two-stage, randomized, crossover, single-blind intervention

et al. 2012

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BackgroundDietary fibre is both preventive and therapeutic for bowel functional diseases. Soluble cocoa products are good sources of dietary fibre that may be supplemented with this dietary component. This study assessed the effects of regularly consuming two soluble cocoa products (A and B) with different non-starch polysaccharides levels (NSP, 15.1 and 22.0% w/w, respectively) on bowel habits using subjective intestinal function and symptom questionnaires, a daily diary and a faecal marker in healthy individuals.MethodsA free-living, two-stage, randomized, crossover, single-blind intervention was carried out in 44 healthy men and women, between 18-55 y old, who had not taken dietary supplements,laxatives, or antibiotics six months before the start of the study. In the four-week-long intervention stages, separated by a three-week-wash-out stage, two servings of A and B, that provided 2.26 vs. 6.60 g/day of NSP respectively, were taken. In each stage, volunteers' diet was recorded using a 72-h food intake report.ResultsRegularly consuming cocoa A and B increased fibre intake, although only cocoa B significantly increased fibre intake (p < 0.001) with respect to the non-cocoa stage. No changes in body weight were observed in either of the 4 week interventions. With cocoa product B, the number of daily bowel movements increased (p = 0.002), the frequency of having a bowel movement once a day increased (p = 0.009), the time to have a bowel movement was lower (p = 0.016) as well as the feeling of constipation (p = 0.046) without inducing adverse gastrointestinal symptoms, only flatulence increased (p = 0.019).ConclusionsRegular consumption of the cocoa products increases dietary fibre intake to recommended levels and product B improves bowel habits. The use of both objective and subjective assessments to evaluate the effects of food on bowel habits is recommended.

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“…The difference with hydroxypropylcellulose might be explained by the fermentation characteristics of these products. Ispaghula and a large part of the dietary fibre are degraded by colonic bacteria and degradation is correlated with a more rapid transit time [26,28], increasing stool bulk and intestinal gas [29]. In contrast, hydroxypropylcellulose is microbiologically inert.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and characterization of the viscous, high-molecular-mass microbial carbohydrate fraction from faeces of healthy subjects and patients with Crohn’s disease and the consequences for a therapeutic approach

Embden

Lieshout

Binnema³

et al. 1998

Clinical Science

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1. An earlier study by our group revealed that the viscosity of faeces from patients with Crohn's disease is significantly lower than that of healthy subjects. This is due to low concentrations of a high-molecular-mass carbohydrate, probably of bacterial origin. The cause of this phenomenon might be the impaired barrier function of the gut mucosa. Low viscosity may allow close contact of intestinal contents (bacterial products and toxins) with the intestinal wall. This could play a role in the maintenance of the disease.2. The first aim of this study was to investigate the high-molecular-mass carbohydrate fraction, responsible for viscosity, in detail. We also tried (in a pilot study) to raise the intestinal viscosity of patients with Crohn's disease with the undegradable food additive hydroxypropylcellulose (E463), in an attempt to alleviate clinical symptoms.3. The high-molecular-mass fraction (>300 kDa) responsible for faecal viscosity was sensitive to lysozyme and contained high levels of muramic acid. It was concluded that this material consisted mainly of peptidoglycan polysaccharides and was consequently of bacterial origin. The muramic acid in material from patients with Crohn's disease was 7.5 (1.5-13.9)%, which was less than in healthy subjects [11.4 (8.5-24.1)%; P=0.0004]. Furthermore, viscosity in material from patients with Crohn's disease was found to be half [14.9 (1.0-33.6) cP] of that found in healthy subjects [35.0 (2.7-90.7) cP; P=0.004].4.A daily dose of 1 g of hydroxypropylcellulose caused an increase in faecal viscosity in patients with Crohn's disease (from 1.4 to 2.3 cP) and in healthy subjects (from 4.9 to 7.5 cP). Faecal consistency improved in patients with Crohn's disease (from watery and loose to formed) and the defecation frequency decreased from 3-4 to about 2 times a day. No changes in defecation patterns were found in healthy subjects.5. These data indicate that the high-molecular-mass fraction that is responsible for faecal viscosity is peptidoglycan. Furthermore, a daily dose of a hydroxypropylcellulose solution to increase the viscosity of the intestinal contents of patients with Crohn's disease might be beneficial. This approach merits further study.

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Dietary Fiber: Fact and Fiction

Cited by 23 publications

References 60 publications

Associations Between Dietary Patterns and Longitudinal Quality of Life Changes in Colorectal Cancer Patients: The ColoCare Study

Associations Between Dietary Patterns and Longitudinal Quality of Life Changes in Colorectal Cancer Patients: The ColoCare Study

Effects of regularly consuming dietary fibre rich soluble cocoa products on bowel habits in healthy subjects: a free-living, two-stage, randomized, crossover, single-blind intervention

Isolation and characterization of the viscous, high-molecular-mass microbial carbohydrate fraction from faeces of healthy subjects and patients with Crohn’s disease and the consequences for a therapeutic approach

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