Dietary Fish Oil Modestly Attenuates the Effect of Age on Diastolic Function but Has No Effect on Memory or Brain Inflammation in Aged Rats

Sergeant, Susan; McQuail, Joseph A.; Riddle, David R.; Chilton, Floyd H.; Ortmeier, Steven B.; Jessup, Jewell A.; Groban, Leanne; Nicolle, Michelle M.

doi:10.1093/gerona/glr017

Cited by 8 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…In leukocytes, n -3 PUFA decreased pro-inflammatory gene activation by altering membrane order, reducing eicosanoid and diacylglycerol synthesis, inhibiting specific isoforms of protein kinase C and mitogen-activated protein kinases, increasing the phosphorylation of phospholipase C-γ, a key signaling enzyme [ 75 ]. Many other complex mechanisms in cellular signaling have been postulated in studies investigating the neuroprotective effects of n -3 PUFA in Alzheimer’s disease [ 112 ], including inhibition of neuro-inflammation [ 113 ], although some studies in model animals have given negative results [ 114 ]. The link among n -3 PUFA, neuro-inflammation and dementia is also supported by observational data from the InCHIANTI study, where low serum n -3 PUFA levels have been cross-sectionally associated with both CRP elevation [ 86 ] and poor cognitive function [ 115 ].…”

Section: N -3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Imentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrition and Inflammation in Older Individuals: Focus on Vitamin D, n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Whey Proteins

et al. 2016

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Chronic activation of the inflammatory response, defined as inflammaging, is the key physio-pathological substrate for anabolic resistance, sarcopenia and frailty in older individuals. Nutrients can theoretically modulate this phenomenon. The underlying molecular mechanisms reducing the synthesis of pro-inflammatory mediators have been elucidated, particularly for vitamin D, n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and whey proteins. In this paper, we review the current evidence emerging from observational and intervention studies, performed in older individuals, either community-dwelling or hospitalized with acute disease, and evaluating the effects of intake of vitamin D, n-3 PUFA and whey proteins on inflammatory markers, such as C-Reactive Protein (CRP), interleukin-1 (IL-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α). After the analysis, we conclude that there is sufficient evidence for an anti-inflammatory effect in aging only for n-3 PUFA intake, while the few existing intervention studies do not support a similar activity for vitamin D and whey supplements. There is need in the future of large, high-quality studies testing the effects of combined dietary interventions including the above mentioned nutrients on inflammation and health-related outcomes.

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Section: N -3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Imentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrition and Inflammation in Older Individuals: Focus on Vitamin D, n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Whey Proteins

et al. 2016

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“…These studies suggested that ω3 fatty acids dietary supplementation is able to limit the apparition of cognitive deficit, even when the administration starts at old age. Conversely, some studies using fish oil supplementation did not reveal improvement of spatial learning or memory in the Morris water maze test in aged rodents (Barceló-Coblijn et al, 2003;Calon et al, 2003;Sergeant et al, 2011). Finally, it is noteworthy that in the study with aged monkeys supplemented with DHA (Tsukada et al, 2000), only 4 weeks of treatment led to increased regional cerebral blood flow, a parameter closely linked to neuronal activation.…”

Section: ω3 Supplementation and Cognitive Performances In Aged Mouse mentioning

confidence: 98%

Omega-3 PUFA supplementation differentially affects behavior and cognition in the young and aged non-human primate Grey mouse lemur (Microcebus murinus)

Pifferi

2014

OCL

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Data are divergent about the ability of dietary ω3 fatty acids to prevent age-associated cognitive decline. Most of the clinical trials failed to demonstrate a protective effect of ω3 fatty acids against cognitive decline and methodological issues are still under debate. Conversely to human studies, experiments performed in adult rodents clearly indicate that long chain ω3 fatty acids play a beneficial role in behavioral and cognitive functions. Inconsistent observations between human and rodent studies highlight the importance of the use of non-human primate models. We recently started a series of experiments on Grey mouse lemurs, an emerging non-human primate model of aging in order to assess the impact of ω3 fatty acids dietary supplementation on several brain functions. These experiments started with the determination of the fatty acids composition of target organs (brain, adipose tissue, liver, plasma) of animals fed under control diet. We then explored the impact of ω3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) supplementation on cognition and behavior in young and aged grey mouse lemurs. The aim of the present review is to compare the observations made in young and aged grey mouse lemurs and to explore the possibilities of new experiments in order to bridge the gap between rodents and Humans.

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Soy Protein Alleviates Hypertension and Fish Oil Improves Diastolic Heart Function in the Han:SPRD‐Cy Rat Model of Cystic Kidney Disease

Ibrahim

Thandapilly

Jia

et al. 2015

Lipids

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Abnormalities in cardiac structure and function are very common among people with chronic kidney disease, in whom cardiovascular disease is the major cause of death. Dietary soy protein and fish oil reduce kidney disease progression in the Han:SPRD-Cy model of cystic renal disease. However, the effects of these dietary interventions in preventing alterations in cardiac structure and function due to kidney disease (reno-cardiac syndrome) in a cystic kidney disease model are not known. Therefore, weanling Han:SPRD-Cy diseased (Cy/+) and normal (+/+) rats were given diets containing either casein or soy protein, and either soy or fish oil in a three-way design for 8 weeks. Diseased rats had larger hearts, augmented left ventricular mass, and higher systolic and mean arterial blood pressure compared to the normal rats. Assessment of cardiac function using two-dimensional guided M-mode and pulse-wave Doppler echocardiography revealed that isovolumic relaxation time was prolonged in the diseased compared to normal rats, reflecting a diastolic heart dysfunction, and fish oil prevented this elevation. Soy protein resulted in a small improvement in systolic and mean arterial pressure but did not improve diastolic heart function, while fish oil prevented diastolic heart dysfunction in this model of cystic kidney disease.

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Dietary Fish Oil Modestly Attenuates the Effect of Age on Diastolic Function but Has No Effect on Memory or Brain Inflammation in Aged Rats

Cited by 8 publications

References 62 publications

Nutrition and Inflammation in Older Individuals: Focus on Vitamin D, n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Whey Proteins

Nutrition and Inflammation in Older Individuals: Focus on Vitamin D, n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Whey Proteins

Omega-3 PUFA supplementation differentially affects behavior and cognition in the young and aged non-human primate Grey mouse lemur (Microcebus murinus)

Soy Protein Alleviates Hypertension and Fish Oil Improves Diastolic Heart Function in the Han:SPRD‐Cy Rat Model of Cystic Kidney Disease

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