Dietary folate, one‐carbon metabolism‐related genes, and gastric cancer risk in Korea

Lee

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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The human TAS2R38 gene encodes a bitter taste receptor that regulates the bitterness perception and differentiation of ingested nutritional/poisonous compounds in the oral cavity and gastrointestinal tract. TAS2R38 gene variants are associated with alterations in individual sensitivity to bitter taste and food intake; hence, these genetic variants may modify the risk for diet-related diseases, including cancer. However, little is known about the association between TAS2R38 polymorphisms and gastric cancer susceptibility. The present case-control study examined the influence of TAS2R38 polymorphisms on food intake and determined whether they predict gastric cancer risk in Koreans. A total of 1,580 subjects, including 449 gastric cancer cases, were genotyped for TAS2R38 A49P, V262A, I296V and diplotypes. Dietary data were analysed to determine the total consumption of energy, fibre, vegetables, fruits, sweets, fats, alcohol and cigarettes. TAS2R38 diplotype was not associated with food, alcohol or cigarette consumption, either independent or dependent of gastric cancer phenotype. However, the PAV/AVI diplotype significantly increased gastric cancer risk (adjusted odds ratio: 1.513; 95% confidence interval: 1.148–1.994) independent of dietary intake. Findings suggest that TAS2R38 may be associated with the risk for gastric cancer in Koreans, although the TAS2R38 diplotype did not influence dietary intake.

“…The details of the study population were previously described elsewhere2343. Participants were recruited at the NCC Hospital between March 2011 and December 2014.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Variation in the TAS2R38 Bitter Taste Receptor and Gastric Cancer Risk in Koreans

Lee

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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“…Control participants with a history of cancer, diabetes mellitus, gastric or duodenal ulcers, or H. pylori treatment were excluded. The detailed characteristics of the study participants have been described elsewhere [49, 50], and only individuals with ALDH2 genotype data were included in this study. All subjects who participated in this study were of Korean origin, and written informed consent was obtained before their enrollment.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Genomic DNA extracted from peripheral blood leukocytes was genotyped using an Affymetrix Axiom®Exom 319 Array (Affymetrix Inc., Santa Clara, CA, USA) with 318,983 SNPs; the details of the quality-control criteria used have been described elsewhere [50]. A SNP in the ALDH2 gene, rs671, was selected for further analysis; this SNP had a MAF of 0.16 and met Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in the control samples.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of alcohol consumption, ALDH2 rs671 polymorphism, and Helicobacter pylori infection on the gastric cancer risk in a Korean population

et al. 2016

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The effect of alcohol consumption on the risk of gastric cancer (GC) has not yet been fully elucidated, and an aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) polymorphism, rs671, is a genetic variant that influences alcohol consumption in East Asians. Additionally, the discrepancy between the Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection prevalence and GC incidence across Asian countries has not been explained. This study evaluated the effects of alcohol consumption and genetic susceptibility to defective acetaldehyde metabolism on the GC risk and their interactions with H. pylori infection. This study included 450 Korean GC cases and 1,050 controls recruited at the National Cancer Center. Data for 795 patients and 4,893 controls were used for further confirmation of the effect of rs671. Increased GC risks were evident for rs671 A allele carriers (odds ratio (OR), 1.23; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.08-1.41) and H. pylori-infected individuals (OR, 7.07; 95% CI, 4.60-10.86), but no dose-response association with alcohol consumption was observed. Furthermore, the interactions between these factors were not significant. This study has demonstrated that alcohol consumption and rs671 should be considered simultaneously when assessing the GC risk. Additionally, alcohol-related factors were not found to interact with H. pylori infection, and further studies evaluating other environmental factors are required to explain the Asian enigma.

“…The Institutional Review Board approved the study protocol (Institutional Review Board (IRB) Number: NCCNCS‐11‐148). The procedure for the study was previously detailed and was performed in accordance with the guidelines and regulations of the IRB. The GC phenotype was determined by gastroenterology specialists during endoscopic biopsy at the Center for Gastric Cancer.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast, abundant intake of fiber, vegetables, and fruits is protective against GC . Genetic variants in nutritional and immune metabolism are also critical risk factors for gastric carcinogenesis, either dependent or independent with those dietary factors . As suggested above, taste receptors are important in human dietary behavior as well as physiological metabolism.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variations in TAS1R taste receptor gene family modify food intake and gastric cancer risk in a Korean population

Lee

Molecular Nutrition Food Res

et al. 2016

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