Dietary fucoidan of Acaudina molpadioides alters gut microbiota and mitigates intestinal mucosal injury induced by cyclophosphamide

Abstract

Cyclophosphamide (cy) is a widely used cancer drug. Many researchers have focused on the prevention and alleviation of its side effects, particularly damage to the intestinal mucosal barrier. In this study, we examined the effects of fucoidan, isolated from Acaudina molpadioides, on mice with intestinal mucosal damage induced by cyclophosphamide. Our results showed that fucoidan intervention could relieve injury such as decreasing inflammation and increasing the expression of tight junction proteins, and 50 kDa fucoidan significantly increased the abundance of short chain fatty acid (SCFA) producer Coprococcus, Rikenella, and Butyricicoccus (p < 0.05, p < 0.001, and p < 0.05, respectively) species within the intestinal mucosa compared with the cyclophosphamide group, as determined by 16S rDNA gene high-throughput sequencing. In addition, SCFAs, particularly propionate, butyrate, and total SCFAs, were increased in the feces, and SCFA receptors were upregulated in the small intestine. The protective effects of fucoidan on cyclophosphamide treatment may be associated with gut microflora, and 50 kDa fucoidan had superior effects. Therefore, fucoidan may have applications as an effective supplement to protect against intestinal mucosal barrier damage during chemotherapy.

Pleurotus Ostreatus β-glucan Alleviates Cyclophosphamide-induced Immunosuppression by Regulating Gut Microbiota in Mice

“…Our ndings were consistent with the previous studies that mushroom polysaccharides shaped the overall structure of gut microbiota [8,31]. Similarly, CTX was reported to stimulate the proliferation of pathogens and reduction of friendly bacteria [32]. On the one hand, as the primary phyla of the gut microbiota, Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes can utilize carbohydrate active enzyme to break down carbohydrates but the degradation of polysaccharides mostly depends on Bacteroidetes [33].…”

“…The metabolites of gut microbiota, especially for SCFAs, had relevance for immunosuppression pathogenesis [32]. Acetic acid was the primary SCFAs and its physiological function could be exerted after being oxidized by intestinal tract [44,45].…”

Astaxanthin n-Octanoic Acid Diester Ameliorates Insulin Resistance and Modulates Gut Microbiota in High-Fat and High-Sucrose Diet-Fed Mice

“…Total RNA from intestinal samples was extracted as previously described [66]. The concentration of each extracted RNA sample was determined using a Nano Drop 2000 Spectrophotometer (Thermo, USA), and the integrity of the RNA was checked using denatured RNA electrophoresis.…”

Effects of a highly purified fucoidan fromUndaria pinnatifidaon growth performance and intestine health status of gibel carpCarassius auratus gibelio

“…The epithelial leucocytes and goblet cells of the digestive tract contribute to barrier defence of intestine against invading pathogens (Birchenough, Johansson, Gustafsson, Bergstrom, & Hansson, ; Rauta, Nayak, & Das, ). Recent studies indicated that dietary fucoidan modulates the gut microbiota and has protective effects on intestinal mucosal barrier damage in mice (Shang et al, ; Shi et al, ). Similarly, several studies reported that supplementation of fucoidan improves gut health of pig by modulating gastrointestinal architecture, nutrition digestibility and intestinal microflora (Heim et al, ; Lynch, Sweeney, Callan, O'Sullivan, & O'Doherty, ; McDonnell, Figat, & O'Doherty, ; Walsh, Sweeney, O'Shea, Doyle, & O'Doherty, ).…”