Dietary<i>ω</i>-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid DHA: A Potential Adjuvant in the Treatment of Cancer

Merendino, Nicolò; Costantini, Lara; Manzi, Laura; Molinari, Romina; D'Eliseo, Donatella; Velotti, Francesca

doi:10.1155/2013/310186

Cited by 132 publications

(107 citation statements)

References 99 publications

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“…Omega-3 fatty acids have been considered potentially useful for adjuvant cancer therapy according to their properties on antitumor activity: anti-inflammatory, anti-proliferative, pro-apoptotic, anti-invasion, anti-metastatic and epigenetic regulation [4e6]. Accordingly, tumor cell response may be modified via multiple mechanisms [6,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Omega-3 supplements for patients in chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy: A systematic review

2015

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Omega-3 supplements for patients in chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy: A systematic review

2015

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“…Literature survey revealed that EPA and DHA fatty acids have antioxidant properties and play a vital role in free radical metabolism. 38 These effects occur partly via activation of Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) by n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in fish oil. 39 Previous study reported that PPARγ is an important factor in the regulation of PON1 expression, and in neutralizing oxidative stress.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective Effects of omega-3 fatty acids and/ or Nano- selenium on Cisplatin and Ionizing radiation induced liver toxicity in rats

Fahmy¹,

Azim²,

Gharib³

2016

IJPER

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Cisplatin (CP) and/ or radiation exposures cause oxidative stress, which induced liver toxicity. The present study was undertaken to explore if fish oil (FO) and /or selenium nano particles (SeNPs) can minimize CP-induced hepatotoxicity and other side effects. Rats were either treated with SeNPs (0.5 mg/kg) and /or FO (2 mg/Kg) for 12 days before treatment with CP (10 mg/Kg) and/ or exposure to γ-rays (0.7Gy).The results of the present study revealed that rats treated with CP and /or γ-radiation showed an increase in the level of IL6, renin and the expression of angiotensinogen , xanthine oxidase (XO) and NF-κB protein along with a decrease in (Nrf2) protein expression as well as, the activity of antioxidant enzymes. Fish oil and /or selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) treatment prior to CP and/ or radiation exposure normalized these parameters. Our findings suggest that FO together with SeNPs could be used as protective supplements against toxicity associated with ionizing radiation and CP due to its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic properties.

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“…NSAIDs in breast and pancreatic cancer-The idea of using NSAIDs in breast cancer is not exactly new, as many studies use aspirin and other NSAIDs or even precursors of resolution inflammation mediators, such as PUFA including DHA as chemopreventive agents against breast cancer [62,63]. In fact, regular use of aspirin and possibly other NSAIDs seem to decrease breast cancer risk [64], while ibuprofen exerts a protective but marginal effect regarding recurrence [65].…”

Section: Nsaidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Targeting Inflammation to Improve Tumor Drug Delivery

2017

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Inefficient delivery of drugs is a main cause of chemotherapy failure in hypo-perfused tumors. To enhance perfusion and drug delivery in these tumors, two strategies have been developed: vascular normalization, aiming at normalizing tumor vasculature and blood vessel leakiness; and stress alleviation, aiming at decompressing tumor vessels. Vascular normalization is based on antiangiogenic drugs, whereas stress alleviation on stroma-depleting agents. Here, an alternatively approach to normalize vessels is presented, considering that malignant tumors tend to develop at chronic inflammation sites. Similarly to tumor vessel leakiness, inflammation is also characterized by vascular hyper-permeability. Therefore, testing the ability of anti-inflammatory agents, such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or inflammation resolution mediators, as an alternative way to increase tumor drug delivery, might prove promising.Keywords stress alleviation; vascular normalization; tumor perfusion; anti-inflammatory agents; inflammation resolution The Tumor microenvironment and drug deliveryTumors are complex tissues consisting of cancer cells and their microenvironment [1,2], which includes structural and cellular components. Structural components of the tumor microenvironment comprise tumor blood and lymphatic vessels, and the extracellular matrix (ECM) (see Glossary); while the stromal cell constituents [3] include angiogenic vascular cells (endothelial cells and pericytes), infiltrating immune cells, and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). Naturally, interactions between cancer cells and the various components of tumor microenvironment affect fundamental cancer cell properties such as proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion.It has been postulated that components and features of the tumor microenvironment may also set certain barriers with regard to the effective delivery of therapeutic agents, resulting in compromised therapeutic outcomes and decreased survival [4]. Chemotherapeutic drugs are, without a doubt, potent cytotoxic agents. However, they often fail to cure cancer due to the fact that they are unable to reach cancer cells within the tumor in sufficient amounts [5,6]. Hence, the discovery of more efficient approaches to enhance tumor drug delivery is imperative. Here, the main obstacles in drug delivery to the tumor are presented along with the approaches currently used to overcome them. Furthermore, the use of anti-inflammatory agents is proposed as a promising alternative approach to normalize vessels and improve therapy. Europe PMC Funders Group Causes of insufficient drug delivery to tumorsInefficient drug delivery may arise due to barriers posed by abnormal structure and function of tumor stroma, known as desmoplasia. Desmoplastic tumors are characterized by a dense ECM, containing increased levels of total fibrillar collagen, hyaluronan, fibronectin, proteoglycans and tenascin C [4], which also provides the tumor with a reservoir of growth factors eventually promoting its growth. The dense ...

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Dietaryω-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid DHA: A Potential Adjuvant in the Treatment of Cancer

Cited by 132 publications

References 99 publications

Omega-3 supplements for patients in chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy: A systematic review

Omega-3 supplements for patients in chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy: A systematic review

Protective Effects of omega-3 fatty acids and/ or Nano- selenium on Cisplatin and Ionizing radiation induced liver toxicity in rats

Targeting Inflammation to Improve Tumor Drug Delivery

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