Dietary inclusion effect of various levels of jack mackerel meal on the growth performance, feed efficiency and whole body composition of rockfish (Sebastes schlegeli)

Abstract

Inclusion effect of various levels of jack mackerel meal (JMM) acting as feed attractants and/or stimulants in diets on the growth, feed consumption, feed utilization and whole body composition of rockfish was investigated. Three hundred juvenile rockfish were randomly allocated into 15 flow-through tanks. Five experimental diets supplemented with JMM at 0%, 1%, 3%, 5%, and 10% at the expense of anchovy meal were prepared and referred to as the JMM0, JMM1, JMM3, JMM5, and JMM10 diets, respectively. Weight gain, specific growth rate (SGR) and feed consumption of fish tended to improve with dietary levels of JMM. The greatest weight gain, SGR and feed consumption were observed in fish fed the JMM10 diet, followed by the JMM5, JMM3, JMM1, and JMM0 diets, in that order. Condition factor (CF) of fish tended to improve with dietary inclusion levels of JMM. Growth performance, feed consumption and CF of fish tended to improve with dietary inclusion levels of JMM ranging from 0% to 10%.

Substitution effect of fish meal with various plant protein sources on growth performance and feed utilization in rockfish (Sebastes schlegeli) diets including jack mackerel meal used as feed stimulants

“…The alternative use of plant proteins for FM in fish farming can make aquaculture more sustainable (Gatlin et al, 2007). This study evaluated the substitutability of CGM, SPC, and CPC for 25% and 50% of FM in rockfish diets with 22% JMM inclusion, as reported in our previous studies (Baek et al, 2021;Kim and Cho, 2019) showing the desirable inclusion effect of JMM in feeds on improvement in feed consumption and growth of rockfish. Increased FM substitution levels in the diets of rockfish lowered weight gain and SGR in this study, which is consistent with other studies showing that increased FM replacement levels in diets deteriorated the growth performance of fish (Kissil et al, 2000;Hien et al, 2017;Blaufuss and Trushenski, 2012;Baek et al, 2023).…”

“…Furthermore, attractants, such as nucleotides and inosine monophosphate can also be found in the extracts of jack mackerel (Trachurus japonicus) (Hidaka et al, 2000;Takakuwa et al, 2019). In addition, incorporated jack mackerel meal (JMM), which exhibits the highest feed-attracting responses to rockfish (Kim et al, 2020) and olive flounder (Jeong et al, 2020) among various crude ingredients, including several FM sources commonly used as the protein sources in diets, has successfully improved feed intake and growth performance (Jeong et al, 2020;Baek et al, 2021;Kim and Cho, 2019).…”

Inclusion effect of jack mackerel meal in olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) diet substituting blended fish meal with tuna by-product meal on growth, feed availability, and economic efficiency

“…Superior growth performance of olive flounder fed the TJ30, TJ40, and TJ50 diets compared to olive flounder fed the Con and TJ10 diets, but comparable to olive flounder fed the TJ20 diet in this experiment were closely associated with higher feed consumption, causing no distinctive variation in feed utilization (FE, PER, and PR). Similarly, elevated growth performance of rockfish, walleye pollock (Gadus chalcogrammus), and olive flounder resulted from elevated feed consumption led to no distinctive difference in feed utilization when 10-60% JMM was included in diets (Choi et al, 2020;Baek et al, 2021;Jeong et al, 2022). Significantly or slightly, but not significantly, improved feed consumption by olive flounder fed the TJ20, TJ30, TJ40, and TJ50 diets compared to that of fish fed the Con diet in this experiment could be demonstrated by the fact that smell (olfactory cue) and taste (gustatory cue) induced by the incorporation of JMM could have elevated feed consumption and weight gain of rockfish and olive flounder Jeong et al, 2020).…”

“…A variety of feed ingredients, such as fish products including FM (Singh et al, 2006), fish soluble (Kader et al, 2012), mollusc meals including blue mussel meal (Nagel et al, 2014) and squid meal (Novriadi et al, 2017), crustacean meals including shrimp meal and krill meal (Smith et al, 2005), animal byproduct meals including blood meal (Tusche et al, 2011), plant byproducts (Liew et al, 2020), and the synthetic chemicals (Biswas et al, 2018) have been tested to evaluate their attractiveness to different aquatic animals. Especially, jack mackerel (Trachurus japonicus) meal (JMM) has been reported to be the prominent stimulants and attractants in various fish species, such as olive flounder (Jeong et al, 2020(Jeong et al, , 2022, rockfish (Sebastes schlegeli) Baek et al, 2021), and yellowtail (Seirola quinqueradiata) (Hosokawa et al, 2001). AA in the extracts of jack mackerel, especially, histidine has remarkable feeding stimulant activity on olive flounder (Ikeda et al, 2012).…”

Inclusion effect of jack mackerel meal in diets substituting fish meal with corn gluten meal on growth and feed utilization of olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus)

“…Jack mackerel (Trachurus japonicus) meal (JMM) was found to be an effective protein source having feed attractants and stimulants effect to olive flounder (Jeong et al, 2020(Jeong et al, , 2022Jeong and Cho, 2023), rockfish (Sebastes schlegeli) Baek et al, 2021), and yellowtail (Seriola quinqueradiata) (Hosokawa et al, 2001). Especially, and Jeong et al (2020) emphasized that both rockfish and olive flounder exhibited the maximum attraction behavior (movement) to JMM among 15-16 various feed ingredients.…”