Curr Atheroscler Rep

2021

DOI: 10.1007/s11883-021-00954-z

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Dietary Influences on Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk

Carol F. Kirkpatrick

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Cited by 16 publications

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“…Atherosclerotic disease is currently considered a chronic systemic disease that can occur in multiple vascular beds, including the carotid, renal, lower-extremity arteries, and cerebral vessels [12][13][14]. Coronary atherosclerosis has similar risk factors, pathogenesis, and pathophysiological basis as atherosclerotic lesions of arteries at these sites.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Model-Building Based on Arterial Ultrasound Imaging Evaluation to Predict CHD Risk

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et al. 2022

Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine

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Objective. Atherosclerotic is a chronic systemic disease that may occur in multiple vascular beds, including the carotid arteries, renal arteries, lower limb arteries, and cerebral vessels. Coronary atherosclerosis shares similar risk factors, pathogenesis, and pathophysiological basis with the atherosclerotic lesions of arteries at these sites. Arterial ultrasound assessment data were used to explore the correlation of atherosclerotic disease with CHD lesions and their severity and the number of lesion branches, as well as to evaluate its value in predicting CHD risk, in combination with traditional risk factors. Methods. A total of 363 inpatients with suspected CHD in the Department of Cardiology of the First Hospital of Harbin Medical University from November 2017 to June 2021 were selected. Patient clinical data, blood biochemical examination results, and ultrasound examination of neck vessels, abdominal arteries, and limb arteries were collected to obtain atherosclerosis assessment data. We then compared the differences between the CHD group and the control group, analyzed their correlation with CHD lesions and severity and the number of lesion branches, and evaluated the correlation with the coronary Gensini score. After adjustment for traditional risk factors, logistic regression was applied to analyze the relationship between arterial ultrasound assessment data and the risk of CHD. In addition, ROC plots were drawn to evaluate the risk of arterial ultrasound assessment data, combined with traditional risk factors, to predict CHD. Results. With regard to abnormal blood biochemical index values, differences in lipids, HDL-C, FIB, CK-MB, hs-cTnI, BNP, and GGT were found between the CHD group and the control group. Carotid plaque count, abdominal aortic flow velocity, inferior mesenteric artery flow velocity, classification of the number of stenotic branches of abdominal aortic branch arteries, lower-extremity-artery plaque count, degree of lower-extremity-artery stenosis, and lower-extremity-artery AS were risk factors for arterial ultrasound assessment data of CHD. Carotid plaque count, carotid artery AS, inferior mesenteric artery flow velocity, abdominal aortic flow velocity, abdominal aortic plaque count, abdominal aortic branch artery stenosis branch classification, lower-extremity-artery plaque count, lower-extremity-artery stenosis branch classification, degree of lower-extremity-artery stenosis, and lower-extremity-artery AS, combined with traditional risk factors, were mostly more effective than traditional risk factor models in predicting CHD, its severity, and the number of branch lesions; moreover, the predictive value was higher. Specifically, carotid plaque count, carotid AS, lower-extremity-artery AS, the degree of stenosis of lower-extremity arteries, and abdominal aortic branch artery stenosis branch classification can be used as predictor variables for CHD risk. Among these variables, the carotid plaque count can be used as an independent predictor of CHD. Conclusion. The incidence of arterial intima–media thickening (IMT), plaques, and stenosis can provide a reference for understanding the pattern of systemic atherogenesis and the distribution of atherosclerosis.

“…Atherosclerotic disease is currently considered a chronic systemic disease that can occur in multiple vascular beds, including the carotid, renal, lower-extremity arteries, and cerebral vessels [12][13][14]. Coronary atherosclerosis has similar risk factors, pathogenesis, and pathophysiological basis as atherosclerotic lesions of arteries at these sites.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Model-Building Based on Arterial Ultrasound Imaging Evaluation to Predict CHD Risk

¹

,

²

,

³

et al. 2022

Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective. Atherosclerotic is a chronic systemic disease that may occur in multiple vascular beds, including the carotid arteries, renal arteries, lower limb arteries, and cerebral vessels. Coronary atherosclerosis shares similar risk factors, pathogenesis, and pathophysiological basis with the atherosclerotic lesions of arteries at these sites. Arterial ultrasound assessment data were used to explore the correlation of atherosclerotic disease with CHD lesions and their severity and the number of lesion branches, as well as to evaluate its value in predicting CHD risk, in combination with traditional risk factors. Methods. A total of 363 inpatients with suspected CHD in the Department of Cardiology of the First Hospital of Harbin Medical University from November 2017 to June 2021 were selected. Patient clinical data, blood biochemical examination results, and ultrasound examination of neck vessels, abdominal arteries, and limb arteries were collected to obtain atherosclerosis assessment data. We then compared the differences between the CHD group and the control group, analyzed their correlation with CHD lesions and severity and the number of lesion branches, and evaluated the correlation with the coronary Gensini score. After adjustment for traditional risk factors, logistic regression was applied to analyze the relationship between arterial ultrasound assessment data and the risk of CHD. In addition, ROC plots were drawn to evaluate the risk of arterial ultrasound assessment data, combined with traditional risk factors, to predict CHD. Results. With regard to abnormal blood biochemical index values, differences in lipids, HDL-C, FIB, CK-MB, hs-cTnI, BNP, and GGT were found between the CHD group and the control group. Carotid plaque count, abdominal aortic flow velocity, inferior mesenteric artery flow velocity, classification of the number of stenotic branches of abdominal aortic branch arteries, lower-extremity-artery plaque count, degree of lower-extremity-artery stenosis, and lower-extremity-artery AS were risk factors for arterial ultrasound assessment data of CHD. Carotid plaque count, carotid artery AS, inferior mesenteric artery flow velocity, abdominal aortic flow velocity, abdominal aortic plaque count, abdominal aortic branch artery stenosis branch classification, lower-extremity-artery plaque count, lower-extremity-artery stenosis branch classification, degree of lower-extremity-artery stenosis, and lower-extremity-artery AS, combined with traditional risk factors, were mostly more effective than traditional risk factor models in predicting CHD, its severity, and the number of branch lesions; moreover, the predictive value was higher. Specifically, carotid plaque count, carotid AS, lower-extremity-artery AS, the degree of stenosis of lower-extremity arteries, and abdominal aortic branch artery stenosis branch classification can be used as predictor variables for CHD risk. Among these variables, the carotid plaque count can be used as an independent predictor of CHD. Conclusion. The incidence of arterial intima–media thickening (IMT), plaques, and stenosis can provide a reference for understanding the pattern of systemic atherogenesis and the distribution of atherosclerosis.

“…Pro-inflammatory foods include processed meats, refined starches, and foods and beverages with added sugars. In contrast, anti-inflammatory foods include dark vegetables, whole grains, fruits, tea, coffee, and wine ( 11 ). Obviously, the inflammatory properties of individual foods are not adequate to assess the inflammatory level of various dietary patterns.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between dietary inflammatory index and atherosclerosis cardiovascular disease in U.S. adults

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et al. 2023

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ObjectiveTo evaluate the association between dietary inflammatory index (DII) and Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) among U.S. adults.MethodsWe collected data from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) between 1999 and 2018. Adults who reported complete information to diagnose ASCVD and calculate DII were included. We used three models to differentially adjust the covariates, including age, sex, race or ethnicity, education level, smoking status, poverty, insurance, body mass index, hyperlipemia, hypertension, and diabetes. Logistic regression was used to estimate the Odds Ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) for ASCVD grouped by DII deciles. We additionally conducted spline smoothing with the generalized additive model (GAM) and the log-likelihood ratio to examine the non-linear relationship between DII and ASCVD. If exists, the segmented linear regression will be used to detect the cutoff point. The subgroup analyses were stratified by various atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (i.e., CHD, angina, heart attack, and stroke) and sex.ResultsA total of 48,733 participants (mean age, 47.13 ± 0.19 years) with 51.91% women were enrolled, of which 5,011 were diagnosed with ASCVD. In the crude model, participants in the five highest deciles (D6, 7, 8, 9, and 10) of DII score had a significantly higher risk of having ASCVD compared to those in the first decile. In the fully adjusted model, those in the tenth decile [OR = 1.47, 95% CI = (1.18,1.84)] of DII had a significantly increased risk of ASCVD compared to the first decile. Notably, when DII is above 3, the ASCVD risk increased by 41% for each one increase in DII [OR = 1.41, 95% CI = (1.15,1.73)]. This relationship was more pronounced in females.ConclusionOur study revealed a positive and non-linearly association between DII and ASCVD in U.S. adults. This relationship was more pronounced in females. The findings provide a reference for future research and diet recommendations.

“…[1] For example, heart disease, stroke, and diabetes mellitus, a disease closely related to CVD, DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202100831 caused 161.5, 37.0, and 21.6 deaths per 100 000 inhabitants (standard population) in 2019. [2,3] The causes for the development and maintenance of CVD are multifactorial. The most important behavioral risk factors listed by the WHO include harmful use of alcohol and tobacco, physical inactivity, and unbalanced diet.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioavailability and Cardiometabolic Effects of Xanthohumol: Evidence from Animal and Human Studies

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et al. 2022

Molecular Nutrition Food Res

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Xanthohumol is the main prenylflavonoid in hops and has been associated with a wide range of health benefits, due to its anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, and cancer-preventive properties. Increasing evidence suggests that xanthohumol positively affects biomarkers associated with metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). This review summarizes the effects of xanthohumol supplementation on body weight, lipid and glucose metabolism, systemic inflammation, and redox status. In addition, it provides insights into the pharmacokinetics of xanthohumol intake. Animal studies show that xanthohumol exerts beneficial effects on body weight, lipid profile, glucose metabolism, and other biochemical parameters associated with metabolic syndrome and CVDs. Although in vitro studies are increasingly elucidating the responsible mechanisms, the overall in vivo results are currently inconsistent and quantitatively insufficient. Pharmacokinetic and safety studies confirm that intake of xanthohumol is safe and well tolerated in both animals and humans. However, little is known about the metabolism of xanthohumol in the human body, and even less about its effects on body weight and CVD risk factors. There is an urgent need for studies investigating whether the effects of xanthohumol on body weight and cardiometabolic parameters observe in animal studies are reproducible in humans, and what dosage, formulation, and intervention period are required.

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