Dietary intake and breast density in high-risk women: a cross-sectional study

Tseng, Marilyn; Byrne, Celia; Evers, Kathryn; Daly, Mary B.

doi:10.1186/bcr1781

Cited by 53 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Indeed, in our data, saturated fat and unsaturated fat intakes, such as mono- and polyunsaturated fat, particularly from long-chain omega-3 fat, had opposing associations with %DBV. Our significant positive association of saturated fat with %DBV is consistent with three studies (46, 48, 62), although others have reported no associations (47, 50, 52) or significant inverse associations (53). Contrary to the inverse associations we observed with unsaturated fat intake, most studies of adult women found no significant association between breast density and intakes of monounsaturated fat (47, 48, 50, 53, 62), polyunsaturated fat (46–48, 50, 53), or omega-3 fat (48), while one found significant positive association with monounsaturated fat (49).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Dietary Fat Intake During Adolescence and Breast Density Among Young Women

Jung¹,

Goloubeva²,

Klifa³

et al. 2016

Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers &Amp; Prevention

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BACKGROUND Lack of association between fat intake and breast cancer risk in cohort studies might be attributed to disregard of temporal effects during adolescence when breasts develop and are particularly sensitive to stimuli. We prospectively examined associations between adolescent fat intakes and breast density. METHOD Among 177 women who participated in the Dietary Intervention Study in Children, dietary intakes at ages 10–18 were assessed on five occasions by 24-hour recalls and averaged. We calculated geometric mean and 95% confidence intervals for MRI-measured breast density at ages 25–29 across quartiles of fat intake using linear mixed-effect regression. RESULTS Comparing women in the extreme quartiles of adolescent fat intakes, percent dense breast volume (%DBV) was positively associated with saturated fat (mean=16.4% vs. 21.5%; Ptrend<0.001). Conversely, %DBV was inversely associated with monounsaturated fat (25.0% vs. 15.8%; Ptrend<0.001) and the ratio of polyunsaturated fat to saturated fat (P/S ratio; 19.1% vs. 14.3%; Ptrend<0.001). When examining intake by pubertal stages, %DBV was inversely associated with intake of polyunsaturated fat (20.8% vs. 16.4%; Ptrend=0.04), long-chain omega-3 fat (17.8% vs. 15.8%; Ptrend<0.001), and P/S ratio (22.5% vs. 16.1%; Ptrend<0.001) before menarche, but not after. These associations observed with %DBV were consistently observed with absolute dense breast volume but not with absolute non-dense breast volume. CONCLUSIONS In our study, adolescent intakes of higher saturated fat and lower mono- and polyunsaturated fat are associated with higher breast density measured approximately 15 years later. IMPACT The fat subtype composition in adolescent diet may be important in early breast cancer prevention.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Dietary Fat Intake During Adolescence and Breast Density Among Young Women

Jung¹,

Goloubeva²,

Klifa³

et al. 2016

Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers &Amp; Prevention

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“…Genetics, environment, as well as dietary factors such as vitamin D are thought to play significant roles in breast cancer risk (2). For example, epidemiological evidence suggests that increased sun exposure as well as increased dietary vitamin D intake, are correlated with decreased breast cancer incidence (3–5). Further, low levels of circulating 25(OH)D, an indicator of vitamin D status, are associated with high breast cancer risk (6) and results from the Women’s Health Initiative shows that women who consumed calcium and vitamin D supplements have lower incidence of breast carcinoma in situ (7).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D inhibits glutamine metabolism in Harvey-ras transformed MCF10A human breast epithelial cell

Zhou

Zheng

Gowda

et al. 2016

The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

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Breast cancer is the second most common cancer among women in the US. The active form of vitamin D, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)2D), is proposed to inhibit cellular processes and to prevent breast cancer. The current studies investigated the effect of 1,25(OH)2D on glutamine metabolism during cancer progression employing Harvey-ras oncogene transformed MCF10A human breast epithelial cells (MCF10A-ras). Treatment with 1,25(OH)2D significantly reduced intracellular glutamine and glutamate levels measured by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) by 23 ± 2% each. Further, 1,25(OH)2D treatment reduced glutamine and glutamate flux, determined by [U-13C5] glutamine tracer kinetics, into the TCA cycle by 31 ± 0.2% and 17 ± 0.4%, respectively. The relative levels of mRNA and protein abundance of the major glutamine transporter, solute linked carrier family 1 member A5 (SLC1A5), was significantly decreased by 1,25(OH)2D treatment in both MCF10A-ras cells and MCF10A which overexpress ErbB2 (HER-2/neu). Consistent with these results, glutamine uptake was reduced by 1,25(OH)2D treatment and the impact was eliminated with the SLC1A5 inhibitor L-γ-Glutamyl-p-nitroanilide (GPNA). A consensus sequence to the vitamin D responsive element (VDRE) was identified in silico in the SLC1A5 gene promoter, and site-directed mutagenesis analyses with reporter gene studies demonstrate a functional negative VDRE in the promoter of the SLC1A5 gene. siRNA-SLC1A5 transfection in MCF10A-ras cells significantly reduced SLC1A5 mRNA expression as well as decreased viable cell number similar to 1,25(OH)2D treatment. SLC1A5 knockdown also induced an increase in apoptotic cells in MCF10A-ras cells. These results suggest 1,25(OH)2D alters glutamine metabolism in MCF10A-ras cells by inhibiting glutamine uptake and utilization, in part through down-regulation of SLC1A5 transcript abundance. Thus, 1,25(OH)2D down-regulation of the glutamine transporter, SLC1A5, may facilitate vitamin D prevention of breast cancer.

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“…Randomized control trials demonstrated changes in breast density with intake of low-fat high carbohydrate diet. 70,71 Cross-sectional studies have shown calcium and vitamin D, [72][73][74][75][76] and vegetables 75,77 to be associated with lower breast density.…”

Section: Breast Composition and Radiographic Appearancesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Breast composition: Measurement and clinical use

Ekpo¹,

Hogg²,

Highnam³

et al. 2015

Radiography

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Breast density is a measure of the extent of radiodense fibroglandular tissue in the breast. The risk of developing breast cancer and the risk of missing cancer at screening rise with higher breast density. In this paper, the historical background to breast density measurement is outlined and current evidence based practice is explained. The relevance of breast density knowledge to mammographic practice and image interpretation is considered in the light of clinical assessment and notification of mammographic breast density (MBD). The current work also discusses risk stratification for decisionmaking regarding screening frequency and better modalities for earlier detection of breast cancer in the dense breast. Automated volumetric approaches are explained while ultrasound, digital breast tomosynthesis, molecular breast imaging, and magnetic resonance imaging are introduced as valuable adjuncts to digital mammography for imaging the dense breast. The work concludes on the important note that screened women should be notified of their breast density, and such notification should be accompanied with clear and adequate information about breast density and cancer risk, strategies associated with lower MBD, as well as best screening intervals and pathways for women with dense breasts. Adoption of these strategies may be crucial to early detection and treatment of cancer and improving survival from the disease.

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Dietary intake and breast density in high-risk women: a cross-sectional study

Cited by 53 publications

References 39 publications

Dietary Fat Intake During Adolescence and Breast Density Among Young Women

Dietary Fat Intake During Adolescence and Breast Density Among Young Women

1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D inhibits glutamine metabolism in Harvey-ras transformed MCF10A human breast epithelial cell

Breast composition: Measurement and clinical use

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