Dietary intake of dioxins, furans and dioxin-like PCBs in Austria

Abstract

Human exposure to polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) and dioxin-like PCBs (dl-PCBs) should be assessed regularly. In order to evaluate the contamination levels in various food products on the Austrian market and to assess the dietary exposure of the Austrian population for the first time, a national monitoring programme was conducted from 2005 to 2011. The 235 food products comprised meat, poultry, game and offal, fish and fish products, milk and dairy products, eggs, animal fats and vegetable oils. To estimate the dietary intakes of PCDD/Fs and dl-PCBs, mean concentrations in food were combined with the respective food consumption data from the Austrian food consumption survey. Estimated dietary intakes were expressed as toxic equivalents (WHO-TEQs 1998). The mean intakes for PCDD/Fs and dl-PCBs were estimated as 0.77, 0.75 and 0.61 pg WHO-TEQ kg(-1) bw day(-1) for children, women and men, respectively. The main contributors to total intake were milk and dairy products followed by fish and fish products for children and women, and meat, poultry, game and offal for men (65% and 15% for children, 67% and 14% for women, and 63% and 19% for men, respectively). Comparison of the estimated dietary intakes with the toxicological reference values shows that both children and adults are well below those values.

Assessment of dietary intake of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls from the Chinese Total Diet Study in 2011

“…In China, a total diet study was also conducted in Hong Kong in 2010 (FEHD, 2011), the mean exposure of adult population, 0.73 pg TEQ kg À1 bw day À1 (WHO-TEF of 1998), was concordant with average exposure of Chinese adult population in present study. Moreover, other methods, including market basket study, and monitoring program, were also applied to evaluate the dietary intake for residents in many countries (Arisawa et al, 2008;Perelló et al, 2010;Marin et al, 2011;Törnkvist et al, 2011;Rauscher-Gabernig et al, 2013;Husain et al, 2014). Some studies have indicated that cooking process might be a source of PCDD/Fs and dl-PCBs Wu et al, 2011).…”

Dietary exposure to non-dioxin-like PCBs of different population groups in Austria

“…In addition to previously published results for PCDD/Fs and dl-PCBs (Rauscher-Gabernig et al, 2013), the aim of the present study was to estimate the dietary exposure to R 6 PCBs in order to assess the risk for different Austrian population groups. The exposures were calculated by combining concentrations found within this study with national consumption data (Elmadfa et al, 2009).…”

Dioxins, furans, and polychlorinated biphenyls in hen eggs – a new source of hazard for consumers?

“…PCP), where birds are kept for the family's and neighbour's own use (19). High concentrations of these compounds have been noted in many European countries, including Poland, and in other continents (12,20,21,24). In Vietnam, despite the wars, which ended 40 years ago, exceptionally high concentrations have been noted (248 pg WHO-TEQ/g of fat for PCDD/F and 249.1 pg WHO-TEQ/g of fat for the sum of PCDD/Fs and dl-PCBs).…”