Dietary intake of isoflavones and coumestrol and the risk of prostate cancer in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial

Reger, Michael K.; Zollinger, Terrell W.; Liu, Ziyue; Jones, Josette; Zhang, Jianjun

doi:10.1002/ijc.31095

Cited by 29 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Isoflavone and phytoestrogen intakes. In a PCS from the PLCO cohort [45], no statistically significant association was observed between intake of total isoflavones and risk of total or nonadvanced PCa. On the contrary, dietary intake of total isoflavones was associated with an increased risk of advanced PCa (HR [95% CI] 1.91 [1.25-2.92]; p trend 0.007).…”

Section: Dietary Factors and Pcamentioning

confidence: 83%

Impact of Metabolic Diseases, Drugs, and Dietary Factors on Prostate Cancer Risk, Recurrence, and Survival: A Systematic Review by the European Association of Urology Section of Oncological Urology

Campi

Brookman‐May

Henríquez

et al. 2019

European Urology Focus

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Section: Dietary Factors and Pcamentioning

confidence: 83%

Impact of Metabolic Diseases, Drugs, and Dietary Factors on Prostate Cancer Risk, Recurrence, and Survival: A Systematic Review by the European Association of Urology Section of Oncological Urology

Campi

Brookman‐May

Henríquez

et al. 2019

European Urology Focus

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“…Studies on the relationship between soy consumption and breast cancer risk are discordant, because foods rich in phytoestrogens, such as genistein, may have complex actions exerting both promotional and preventive effects (Table 1) [28]. As mentioned above, it should be noted that high consumption of genistein is associated with decreased risk of breast, lung, colorectal, ovarian, and endometrial cancers [126]. The use of natural compounds to alter molecular pathways in a clinical setting is currently being explored and provides hope for more control over treatment regimens in the future.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genistein as Potential Therapeutic Candidate for Menopausal Symptoms and Other Related Diseases

et al. 2019

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Plant-derived compounds have recently attracted greater interest in the field of new therapeutic agent development. These compounds have been widely screened for their pharmacological effects. Polyphenols, such as soy-derived isoflavones, also called phytoestrogens, have been extensively studied due to their ability to inhibit carcinogenesis. These compounds are chemically similar to 17β-estradiol, and mimic the binding of estrogens to its receptors, exerting estrogenic effects in target organs. Genistein is an isoflavone derived from soy-rich products and accounts for about 60% of total isoflavones found in soybeans. Genistein has been reported to exhibit several biological effects, such as anti-tumor activity (inhibition of cell proliferation, regulation of the cell cycle, induction of apoptosis), improvement of glucose metabolism, impairment of angiogenesis in both hormone-related and hormone-unrelated cancer cells, reduction of peri-menopausal and postmenopausal hot flashes, and modulation of antioxidant effects. Additionally, epidemiological and clinical studies have reported health benefits of genistein in many chronic diseases, such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and osteoporosis, and aid in the amelioration of typical menopausal symptoms, such as anxiety and depression. Although the biological effects are promising, certain limitations, such as low bioavailability, biological estrogenic activity, and effects on target organs, have limited the clinical applications of genistein to some extent. Moreover, studies report that modification of its molecular structure may eliminate the biological estrogenic activity and its effects on target organs. In this review, we summarize the potential benefits of genistein on menopause symptoms and menopause-related diseases like cardiovascular, osteoporosis, obesity, diabetes, anxiety, depression, and breast cancer.

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“…Meta-analyses showed a protective effect of phytoestrogen and soy consumption against PCa [81,82]. However, the PLCO trial reported an increased risk of advanced PCa with isoflavone consumption [83].…”

Section: Environmental and Occupational Exposurementioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology and Prevention of Prostate Cancer

Gandaglia

Leni

Bray

et al. 2021

European Urology Oncology

313

131

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Context: Worldwide, prostate cancer (PCa) represents the second most common solid tumor in men. Objective: To assess the geographical distribution of PCa, epidemiological differences, and the most relevant risk factors for the disease. Evidence acquisition: Estimated incidence, mortality, and prevalence of PCa for the year 2020 in 185 countries were derived from the IARC GLOBOCAN database. A review of English-language articles published between 2010 and 2020 was conducted using MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Scopus to identify risk factors for PCa. Evidence synthesis: In the year 2020, there were over 1 414 000 estimated new cases of PCa worldwide, with an age-standardized rate (ASR) incidence of 31 per 100 000 (lifetime cumulative risk: 3.9%). Northern Europe has the highest all-age incidence ASR (83), while the lowest ASR was in South-Central Asia (6.3). In the year 2020, there were over 375 000 estimated deaths worldwide, and the overall mortality ASR was 7.7 per 100 000, with the highest ASR in the Caribbean (28) and the lowest in South-Central Asia (3.1). Family history, hereditary syndromes, and race are the strongest risk factors for PCa. Metabolic syndrome was associated with the risk of developing PCa, high-grade disease, and adverse pathology. Diabetes and exposure to ultraviolet rays were found to be inversely associated to PCa incidence. Cigarette smoking and obesity may increase PCa-specific mortality, while regular physical activity may reduce disease progression. Although 5-alpha reductase inhibitors are known to be associated with a reduced incidence of PCa, available studies failed to show an effect on overall mortality. Conclusions: Family history, race, and hereditary syndromes are well-established risk factors for PCa. Modifiable risk factors may impact the risk of developing PCa and that of dying from the disease, but little evidence exist for any clear indication for prevention other than early diagnosis to reduce PCa mortality. Patient summary: Prostate cancer (PCa) rates vary profoundly worldwide, with incidence and mortality rates being highest in Northern Europe and Caribbean, respectively. South-Central Asia has the lowest epidemiological burden. Family history, race, and hereditary syndromes are well-established risk factors for PCa. Modifiable risk factors

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Dietary intake of isoflavones and coumestrol and the risk of prostate cancer in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial

Cited by 29 publications

References 49 publications

Impact of Metabolic Diseases, Drugs, and Dietary Factors on Prostate Cancer Risk, Recurrence, and Survival: A Systematic Review by the European Association of Urology Section of Oncological Urology

Impact of Metabolic Diseases, Drugs, and Dietary Factors on Prostate Cancer Risk, Recurrence, and Survival: A Systematic Review by the European Association of Urology Section of Oncological Urology

Genistein as Potential Therapeutic Candidate for Menopausal Symptoms and Other Related Diseases

Epidemiology and Prevention of Prostate Cancer

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