Dietary Interventions and Changes in Cardio-Metabolic Parameters in Metabolically Healthy Obese Subjects: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis

Stelmach-Mardas, Marta; Walkowiak, Jarosław

doi:10.3390/nu8080455

Cited by 39 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Similarly modest effects of reduction diets on the lipid profile was described by Stelmach-Mardas and Walkowiak based on an analysis of studies from the years 1958-2016 in obese individuals (BMI > 30 kg/m 2 ) -only TG concentration reduction was achieved in spite of significantly reduced BP (systolic by -4.73 mm Hg and diastolic by -2.75 mm Hg) [61]. Chiu et al compared in 36 persons the effect of two diets -the typical DASH with a modified DASH, high in fat and low in carbohydrates (HF-DASH), on hypertension and lipid profile.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 53%

Associations between the lipid profile and the development of hypertension in young individuals – the preliminary study

et al. 2019

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Introduction: Hypertension is the leading direct cause of death in the world and one of the most important risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Elevated blood pressure (BP) often coexists with lipid disorders and is an additional factor that increases CV risk. Nowadays, we are able to distinguish low density lipoproteins (LDL) and high density lipoproteins (HDL) subfractions. Except LDL also HDL small subfractions can increase the risk of CV events. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the associations between changes of lipoprotein subfractions and the risk of hypertension development. Material and methods: In 2-year long study 200 volunteers with normal blood pressure at the age of 19-32 years were included. Each volunteer underwent detailed medical examination, 12-lead electrocardiogram was taken at rest, echocardiogram, lipid subfraction assessment (using Lipoprint ®) and two 24-hour BP measurements. Results: Mean total cholesterol concentration was 189 mg/dl (4.89 mmol/l), with mean LDL concentration of 107 mg/dl (2.77 mmol/l), HDL of 63 mg/dl (1.63 mmo/l), very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) of 40 mg/dl (1.04 mmol/l) and triglycerides (TG) of 89 mg/dl (1.00 mmol/l). Subfractions LDL 1-3 were most abundant, LDL 4-5 making up a marginal portion and LDL 6-7 were not observed. Whereas, subfractions HDL 4-6 were most abundant, in lower concentration was present HDL 1-3 and HDL 8-10. We showed that increased systolic blood pressure coreclated significantly with HDL cholesterol concentrations (p = 0.0078), HDL intermediate subgractions (p = 0.0451), with HDL-3 subfraction (p = 0.0229), and intermediate density lipoprotein-A (IDL-A) (p = 0.038). A significant correlation between increased diastolic blood pressure and HDL lipoprotein levels (p = 0.0454) was only observed. Conclusions: Obtained results indicating correlation between total HDL levels and HDL-3 subfraction concentration (for systolic BP) and the tendency to develop hypertension.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 53%

Associations between the lipid profile and the development of hypertension in young individuals – the preliminary study

et al. 2019

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“…Green tea consumption showed no benefit for plasma TG levels in the hypocaloric diet subgroup. This may conflict with the article that demonstrated dietary interventions had beneficial effects on plasma TG levels [64]. It could not be denied, however, that a hypocaloric diet was not good for blood lipid profiles because only two trials were included in hypoclaric subgroup.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Effects of green tea on lipid metabolism in overweight or obese people: A meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials

Yuan

Dong

Fang

et al. 2017

Molecular Nutrition Food Res

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Scope:The effects of green tea on lipid metabolism were inconsistent. The objective of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the effects of green tea on lipid metabolism in overweight or obese people. Methods and results:We searched randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing green tea with a control on lipid metabolism on PUBMED and WEB OF SCIENCE (January 1990 to September 2016), COCHRANE and EMBASE (updated to October 2016), and the Chinese databases CNKI, WanFang and CBMD. Twenty-one articles studying 1704 overweight or obese subjects were selected for this meta-analysis. The pooled results demonstrated that green tea significantly decreased plasma total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) levels in overweight or obese people. The weighted mean difference was -3.38 mg/dl for TC (95% CI: -6.42, −0.33 mg/dL) and −5.29 mg/dL for LDL (95% CI: −7.92, −2.6 6 mg/dL), respectively. Green tea intake, however, showed no effect on plasma triglyceride (TG) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL) levels in overweight or obese people with a relatively high heterogeneity. Conclusion:The meta-analysis shows that drinking green tea can lower plasma TC and LDL levels significantly. Nevertheless, green tea's effect on plasma TG and HDL must be further evaluated by additional high-quality and large-scale RCTs.

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“…We used the same random effects model to generate the overall size effects by computing the difference in means (Table S4) and compare these values to some of the reported effects of pharmacological, behavioral or dietary interventions on BMI, WC and lipid levels. Some of the most potent reducing effects on BMI can be achieved with restricted energy diet (−2.7 kg/m2) [160], pharmacological interventions (−1.3 kg/m 2 ) [161] or behavioral (diet, exercise) interventions (−0.9 to −1.2 kg/m 2 ) [162,163]. These reductions constitute between 5% and 10% of the WHO established limit values for overweight (BMI = 25.0–29.9 kg/m 2 ) and obesity (BMI ≥ 30.0 kg/m 2 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Effects of Flavanol-Containing Tea, Cocoa and Apple Products on Body Composition and Blood Lipids: Exploring the Factors Responsible for Variability in Their Efficacy

et al. 2017

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Several randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and meta-analyses support the benefits of flavanols on cardiometabolic health, but the factors affecting variability in the responses to these compounds have not been properly assessed. The objectives of this meta-analysis were to systematically collect the RCTs-based-evidence of the effects of flavanol-containing tea, cocoa and apple products on selected biomarkers of cardiometabolic risk and to explore the influence of various factors on the variability in the responses to the consumption of these products. A total of 120 RCTs were selected. Despite a high heterogeneity, the intake of the flavanol-containing products was associated using a random model with changes (reported as standardized difference in means (SDM)) in body mass index (−0.15, p < 0.001), waist circumference (−0.29, p < 0.001), total-cholesterol (−0.21, p < 0.001), LDL-cholesterol (−0.23, p < 0.001), and triacylglycerides (−0.11, p = 0.027), and with an increase of HDL-cholesterol (0.15, p = 0.005). Through subgroup analyses, we showed the influence of baseline-BMI, sex, source/form of administration, medication and country of investigation on some of the outcome measures and suggest that flavanols may be more effective in specific subgroups such as those with a BMI ≥ 25.0 kg/m2, non-medicated individuals or by specifically using tea products. This meta-analysis provides the first robust evidence of the effects induced by the consumption of flavanol-containing tea, cocoa and apple products on weight and lipid biomarkers and shows the influence of various factors that can affect their bioefficacy in humans. Of note, some of these effects are quantitatively comparable to those produced by drugs, life-style changes or other natural products. Further, RCTs in well-characterized populations are required to fully comprehend the factors affecting inter-individual responses to flavanol and thereby improve flavanols efficacy in the prevention of cardiometabolic disorders.

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Dietary Interventions and Changes in Cardio-Metabolic Parameters in Metabolically Healthy Obese Subjects: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis

Cited by 39 publications

References 51 publications

Associations between the lipid profile and the development of hypertension in young individuals – the preliminary study

Associations between the lipid profile and the development of hypertension in young individuals – the preliminary study

Effects of green tea on lipid metabolism in overweight or obese people: A meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials

A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Effects of Flavanol-Containing Tea, Cocoa and Apple Products on Body Composition and Blood Lipids: Exploring the Factors Responsible for Variability in Their Efficacy

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