Dietary inulin supplementation promote hepatic gluconeogenesis in goats

Abstract

Gluconeogenesis serves as the primary mechanism for ruminants acquire glucose. Enhancing gluconeogenesis can elevate the efficiency of glucose absorption in ruminants, subsequently boosting their growth and production capacity. In the context of ruminants, propionic acid stands out as a crucial substrate for gluconeogenesis. Increasing its production is therefore crucial for boosting gluconeogenesis. Inulin, a natural plant-derived polysaccharide, boasts capabilities such as fostering a healthier gut microbiota and modulating metabolism. Yet, limited research has been conducted on inulin's impact within the ruminant rumen ecosystem. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether dietary inulin supplementation affects rumen microbiota, rumen fermentation parameters, and hepatic gluconeogenesis in goats. In this study, 18 goats were randomly assigned to two groups: the control group and the inulin group, with 9 goats in each group. In the inulin group, 18.9% inulin was added instead of normal corn. Serum insulin concentration in the inulin group decreased . Increased activity of gluconeogenic rate limiting enzymes (PEPCK, G6Pase) and expression of FoxO1 in the liver. The mRNA expression levels of PAT1, DRA, MCT1, AE2 in rumen epithelium were increased. Meanwhile, inulin increased the concentration of total VFA and the proportion of propionic acid in ruminal fluid.In addition, inulin supplementation increased the abundance of short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria (Lachnospiracea, Blautia, Prevellela-1, Pseudobotyrivibrio). Our findings suggest that inulin facilitates gluconeogenesis by amplifying the production of gluconeogenic substrates and curtailing insulin secretion.