In order to be able to feed a growing world population with sufficient food, the stability of these foods is of great importance, since it determines their shelf-life, and through that also the amount of food that is wasted. Often, the shelf-life is determined by microbial effects, which are mostly controlled through heat treatment to reduce the total bacterial load, and that of pathogens. The next effects that start hitting in are physical and chemical instability, leading to loss of structure and development of off-flavors that make the food unacceptable from a consumer point of view.A special class of food products that are susceptible to both physical and chemical instabilities are those that contain oil droplets dispersed in a continuous phase, i.e., oil-inwater (O/W) emulsions. There is a large range of natural or processed food products that fall within this class. In such systems, droplets tend to cream or sediment depending on the density ratio used, to flocculate, to coalesce, and in very specific cases they may be prone to Ostwald ripening. Some of those physical destabilization phenomena can be prevented with the use of emulsifiers, of which common examples in foods include surfactants and animal-derived proteins.Chemical destabilization, in particular oxidative deterioration of lipids, is another major concern in food emulsions, especially when they contain health-promoting polyunsaturated fatty acids. To mitigate lipid oxidation, synthetic antioxidants, such as butylated hydroxytoluene, butylated hydroxyanisole, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, and ascorbyl palmitate, are often used. However, in the past decade, a strong tendency toward using food ingredients that are natural and sustainable has emerged. This has led to the use of plant-based ingredients that unfortunately are not as functional as components that were standardly used till 10 years ago, especially when subjected to heat treatment during food processing.