Dietary live yeast and increased water temperature influence the gut microbiota of rainbow trout

Abstract

Live yeast can replace 40% of FM without disrupting bacteria communities in the gut of rainbow trout, while increased water temperature due to seasonal fluctuations and/or climate change may result in a gut dysbiosis that may jeopardize the health of farmed fish.

Intestinal microbiota lipid metabolism varies across rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss ) phylogeographic divide

“…; Huyben et al . ). The differences in these dominant species abundances have been attributed to many factors including geographic location, diet, animal health and temperature (Reveco et al .…”

“…Recent studies of farmed rainbow trout indicate that warmer water temperatures can influence gut microbiota diversity and abundance (Huyben et al . ). Such environmental acquisitions provide an important source for teleost microbiota diversity given the rich microbial reservoirs aquatic environments possess including allospecific and conspecific faecal matter, detritus and airborne microbial transfers (Atlas and Bartha ; Ye et al .…”

“…Moreover, in fishes, other factors, such as water temperature, habitat type and stress levels, can impact early teleost intestinal microbiota colonization (Verschuere et al 2000;Nayak 2010;Sullam et al 2015). Recent studies of farmed rainbow trout indicate that warmer water temperatures can influence gut microbiota diversity and abundance (Huyben et al 2018). Such environmental acquisitions provide an important source for teleost microbiota diversity given the rich microbial reservoirs aquatic environments possess including allospecific and conspecific faecal matter, detritus and airborne microbial transfers (Atlas and Bartha 1987; Ye et al 2014).…”

Variations of the intestinal gut microbiota of farmed rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum), depending on the infection status of the fish

“…Under aquaculture conditions the number of factors is restricted if compared with conditions in nature, but includes among others the proximate composition of diet, fish age, ambient temperature, pH and chemical composition of water, etc. (Heikkinen et al 2006;Mansfield et al 2010;Desai et al 2012;Navarrete et al 2012;Geurden et al 2014;Ingerslev et al 2014a;Llewellyn et al 2016;Bruce et al 2017;Lyons et al 2017;Huyben et al 2018;Mente et al 2018). It is very wellknown that the disorders caused by bacteria and parasites may lead to altered feeding behaviour and dysfunction of the digestive system.…”

“…Culture-dependent approaches are well-developed for salmonids but have revealed only around 1% of the microbial community (Amann et al 1995) while the approaches based on genetic techniques, such as NGS, enable discovery of unculturable taxonomical groups of bacteria (Ringø et al 2016). What has been demonstrated is that the dominant core of the gut bacterial community from rainbow trout belongs to Tenericutes, Firmicutes, Proteobacteria and Spirochaetae (Wong et al 2013;Ingerslev et al 2014a;Lyons et al 2015Lyons et al , 2016Huyben et al 2018;Mente et al 2018). Moreover, in others studies the dominance of c-Proteobacteria among intestinal microbiota of rainbow trout was noted (Dimitroglou et al 2009;Spanggaard et al 2000;Huber et al 2004;Pond et al 2006;Etyemez and Balc azar 2015).…”