Dietary <i>Trans</i> Fatty Acids Suppress the Development of Spontaneous Atopic-Like Dermatitis in NC/Nga Mice

Abstract

SummaryAlthough several studies have shown that the type and degree of unsaturation of fatty acids alter the production of proinflammatory mediators, there have been few studies in which the effects of trans isomers on allergic responses were evaluated. NC/Nga (NC) mice raised in conventional conditions develop spontaneous atopic dermatitis-like lesions with IgE hyperproduction. We used this model to evaluate the effect of dietary trans fatty acids (TFAs) on the development of spontaneous dermatitis. NC mice were fed a 4 g TFAs/kg diet (4 g TFA), a 8 g TFAs/kg diet (8 g TFA) or a control diet with no TFA content for 10 wk. The dermatitis condition improved with the increasing intake of TFAs, and there was a significant difference from week 5 of the experimental period between the dermatitis conditions in 8 g TFA-fed mice and control mice. Production of total IgE was also suppressed in mice fed TFAs compared with that in control mice, correlating with the skin lesions. IFN-␥ , but not IL-4, production was significantly greater in TFA-fed mice that in control mice. Our results suggest that intake of TFAs suppresses the development of atopic dermatitis-like lesions in NC mice. Even though we observed a decreased production of IgE levels, mechanisms involved in the development of dermatitis-like lesions seem to be IL-4-independent.

Trans Fat Supplementation Increases UV‐Radiation‐Induced Oxidative Damage on Skin of Mice

“…While the influence of TFA derivatives incorporated in the skin is poorly understood, LC n-3 PUFA are precursors of eicosanoids and docosanoids [72], and already described as having antiapoptotic properties [31]. While MUFA present in FO, SO and HVF groups did not alter the skin's sensitivity to sunburn or its time to redden [73], few studies on the influence of TFA on skin health have been carried out so far [40,55]. Fig.…”

“…[39] for 90 days and thereafter, one half of the mice in all experimental groups were exposed to UVR, totaling eight experimental groups (n = 7). The length of time chosen for supplementation (90 days) was based on previous studies by other laboratories evaluating the influence of TFA [40] and an oil mixture containing vitamin E [41] on the skin of mice. The body weight gain of the animals, as well as the daily food consumption was monitored throughout the experimental protocol.…”

Trans fatty acids exacerbate dextran sodium sulphate-induced colitis by promoting the up-regulation of macrophage-derived proinflammatory cytokines involved in T helper 17 cell polarization

“…We speculate that the TFA intake-mediated increase in IL-17A expression during inflammation may disrupt normal intestinal immunity, thereby inducing hypersensitivity and further exacerbating inflammation. Sakai et al demonstrated that the levels of IFN-γ, which is produced primarily by Th1 cells, are notably higher in mice fed TFAs than in control mice [46], suggesting a role for Th1 cells in TFA-induced aggravation of DSS colitis. However, in our study, the mRNA levels of IFN-γ, which is produced primarily by Th1 cells, and the mRNA levels of T-bet, a key Th1-inducing factor, in both the colonic mucosa and the MLNs, did not differ between DSS-treated mice fed the TFA diet and mice fed the TFA-free diet, suggesting few roles for Th1 cells in the aggravation of DSS colitis.…”

Influence of Trans Fat on Skin Damage in First‐Generation Rats Exposed to UV Radiation

“…A single supplement dosage from prenatal period until adulthood of the first generation was used to study its influence on skin incorporation in this life period as related to UVR‐induced cutaneous alterations, in accordance with previous research protocols regarding generations . The duration of post‐weaning supplementation (90 days) was chosen based on previous studies that assessed the influence of FA on the skin health of rodents .…”