Dietary magnesium and potassium intakes and circulating magnesium are associated with heel bone ultrasound attenuation and osteoporotic fracture risk in the EPIC-Norfolk cohort study ,

Hayhoe, Richard; Lentjes, Marleen; Luben, Robert; Khaw, Kay‐Tee; Welch, Ailsa

doi:10.3945/ajcn.114.102723

Cited by 69 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…26 Furthermore, there is a poor correlation between circulating magnesium and dietary magnesium intake. [27][28][29] Nevertheless, low circulating magnesium concentrations would suggest that there is a net redistribution of magnesium from the circulation to the cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low serum magnesium and 1‐year mortality in alcohol withdrawal syndrome

Maguire

Ross

Talwar

et al. 2019

Eur J Clin Investigation

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Background:In 2014, the WHO reported that 6% of all deaths were attributable to excess alcohol consumption. The aim of the present study was to examine the relationship between serum magnesium concentrations and mortality in patients with alcohol withdrawal syndrome (AWS). Materials and methods:A retrospective review of 700 patients with documented evidence of previous AWS indicating a requirement for benzodiazepine prophylaxis or evidence of alcohol withdrawal syndrome between November 2014 and March 2015. Results: Of 380 patients included in the sample analysis, 64 (17%) were dead at 1 year following the time of treatment for AWS. The majority of patients had been prescribed thiamine (77%) and a proton pump inhibitor (66%). In contrast, the majority of patients had low circulating magnesium concentrations (<0.75 mmol/L) (64%)and had not been prescribed magnesium (90%). The median age of death at one year was 55 years (P = 0.002). On univariate analysis, age (P < 0.05), GMAWS (P < 0.05), BDZ (P < 0.05), bilirubin (P < 0.001), alkaline phosphatase (P < 0.001), albumin (P < 0.001), CRP (P < 0.05), AST:ALT ratio >2 (P < 0.001), sodium (P < 0.05), magnesium (P < 0.001), platelets (P < 0.05) and the use of proton pump inhibitor medication (P < 0.001) were associated with death at 1 year. On multivariate binary logistic regression analysis, age > 50 years (OR 3.37, 95% CI 1.52-7.48, P < 0.01), AST:ALT ratio >2 (OR 3.10, 95% CI 1.38-6.94, P < 0.01) and magnesium < 0.75 mmol/L (OR 4.11, 95% CI 1.3-12.8, P < 0.05) remained independently associated with death at 1 year. Conclusion: Overall, 1-year mortality was significantly higher among those patients who were magnesium deficient (<0.75 mmol/L) when compared to those who were replete (≥0.75 mmol/L; P < 0.001).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low serum magnesium and 1‐year mortality in alcohol withdrawal syndrome

Maguire

Ross

Talwar

et al. 2019

Eur J Clin Investigation

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“…Curiously, the other investigations regarding Mg and fractures were made in women, whilst the data in men are reported only by two studies showing no association between Mg and intake and fractures. (29,30) More research is, however, needed to understand why in men the association between Mg and fractures is less consistent.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary magnesium intake and fracture risk: data from a large prospective study

et al. 2017

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Research considering the relationship between dietary magnesium (Mg) and osteoporosis and fractures are sparse and conflicting. We therefore aimed to investigate Mg intake and the onset of fractures in a large cohort of American men and women involved in the Osteoarthritis Initiative (OAI) over a follow-up period of 8 years. Dietary Mg intake (including those derived from supplementation) was evaluated through a food frequency questionnaire at baseline and categorized using gender-specific quintiles; osteoporotic fractures were evaluated through self-reported history. Overall, 3,765 participants (1,577 men; 2,071 women), mean age of 60.6±9.1 years were included. During follow-up, 560 individuals (198 men and 368 women) developed a new fracture. After adjusting for 14 potential confounders at baseline and taking those with lower Mg intake as reference (Q1), men (HR=0.47; 95%CI: 0.21–1.00, p=0.05) and women (HR=0.38; 95%CI: 0.17–0.82, p=0.01) in the highest quintile reported a significant lower risk of fracture. Women meeting the recommended Mg intake were at an 27% decreased risk of future fractures. In conclusion, higher dietary Mg intake has a protective effect on future osteoporotic fractures especially in women with high risk of knee osteoarthritis. Those women meeting the recommended Mg intake appear at lower risk of fractures.

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“…Data regarding the association between potassium intake and bone health is contradictory [55,56,57,58]. EFSA has recently highlighted that there is a lack of evidence regarding the association between potassium intake and risk of fracture and concludes that data regarding the association between intake of potassium supplements and bone density is inconsistent and thus, the evidence is insufficient [17].…”

Section: Preventive Aspectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Revised Reference Values for Potassium Intake

Strohm¹,

Ellinger²,

Leschik‐Bonnet³

et al. 2017

Ann Nutr Metab

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Background: The nutrition societies of Germany, Austria and Switzerland have revised the reference values for potassium intake in January 2017. Methods: For adults, the estimated value was based on the 24-h urinary potassium excretion and on preventive considerations regarding hypertension and stroke. The estimated values for children and adolescents were extrapolated from the adult estimated value considering differences in body mass. For infants aged 0 to under 4 months, the estimated value was set based on the potassium intake via breast milk. From this reference value, the estimated value for infants aged 4 to under 12 months was also derived by extrapolation. The estimated value for lactating women takes into account the potassium loss via breast milk. Results: The estimated values for potassium intake are set at 400 mg/day for breastfed infants aged 0 to under 4 months, 600 mg/day for infants aged 4 to under 12 months, 1,100-4,000 mg/day for children and adolescents, 4,000 mg/day for adults and pregnant women and 4,400 mg/day for lactating women. Conclusions: The consumption of potassium-rich foods should be generally increased. Supplemental intake beyond the estimated values has no health benefit and is therefore not recommended.

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Dietary magnesium and potassium intakes and circulating magnesium are associated with heel bone ultrasound attenuation and osteoporotic fracture risk in the EPIC-Norfolk cohort study ,

Cited by 69 publications

References 39 publications

Low serum magnesium and 1‐year mortality in alcohol withdrawal syndrome

Low serum magnesium and 1‐year mortality in alcohol withdrawal syndrome

Dietary magnesium intake and fracture risk: data from a large prospective study

Revised Reference Values for Potassium Intake

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