Dietary Metal-complexing Agents and Zinc Availability in the Rat

Oberleas, Donald; Muhrer, M. E.; O’Dell, Boyd L.

doi:10.1093/jn/90.1.56

Cited by 234 publications

(89 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Zn in particularly, forms insoluble complexes with phytate in the digestive tract leading to reduced Zn availability for monogastrics (O'Dell and Savage, 1960;Davies and Nightingale, 1975;Windisch and Kirchgessner, 1999). Calcium reinforces this reduced Zn availability by stabilizing phytates (Oberleas et al, 1966). According to Dintzis et al (1995) and Susaki et al (1999), these antagonists alter Zn availability by depressing its solubility in the digestive tract.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zinc availability and digestive zinc solubility in piglets and broilers fed diets varying in their phytate contents, phytase activity and supplemented zinc source

Schlegel

Nys

Jondreville

2010

Animal

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The study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary zinc addition (0 or 15 mg/kg of Zn as inorganic or organic zinc) to three maize-soybean meal basal diets varying in their native Zn, phytic P contents and phytase activity (expressed in kg of feed: P2 with 25 mg Zn and 1.3 g phytic P, P1 with 38 mg Zn and 2.3 g phytic P or P1/ENZ being P1 including 500 units (FTU) of microbial phytase per kg) in two monogastric species (piglets, broilers). Measured parameters were growth performance, zinc status (plasma, and bone zinc) and soluble zinc in digesta (stomach, gizzard and intestine). The nine experimental diets were fed for 20 days either to weaned piglets (six replicates per treatment) or to 1-day-old broilers (10 replicates per treatment). Animal performance was not affected by dietary treatments ( P . 0.05) except that all P2 diets improved body weight gain and feed conversion ratio in piglets ( P , 0.05). Piglets fed P2 diets had a better Zn status than those fed P1 diets ( P , 0.05). In both species, Zn status was improved with supplemental Zn ( P , 0.05), irrespective of Zn source. Phytase supplementation improved piglet Zn status to a higher extent than adding dietary Zn, whereas in broilers, phytase was less efficient than supplemental Zn. Digestive Zn concentrations reflected the quantity of ingested Zn. Soluble Zn (mg/kg dry matter) and Zn solubility (% of total Zn content) were highest in gizzard contents, which also presented lower pH values than stomach or intestines. The intestinal Zn solubility was higher in piglet fed organic Zn than those fed inorganic Zn ( P , 0.01). Phytase increased soluble Zn in piglet stomach ( P , 0.001) and intestine ( P 5 0.1), but not in broiler gizzard and intestinal contents. These results demonstrate (i) that dietary zinc was used more efficiently by broilers than by piglets, most probably due to the lower gizzard pH and its related higher zinc solubility; (ii) that zinc supplementation, irrespective of zinc source, was successful in improving animal's zinc status; and (iii) suggest that supplemented Zn availability was independent from the diet formulation. Finally, the present data confirm that phytase was efficient in increasing digestive soluble Zn and improving zinc status in piglets. However, the magnitude of these effects was lower in broilers probably due to the naturally higher Zn availability in poultry than in swine.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zinc availability and digestive zinc solubility in piglets and broilers fed diets varying in their phytate contents, phytase activity and supplemented zinc source

Schlegel

Nys

Jondreville

2010

Animal

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“…bioavailability. The results were confirmed in pigs (34) and rats (35). Earlier work in our laboratory (45) had shown that high levels of calcium aggravated signs of zinc deficiency when added to diets in which the components were primarily of plant origin.…”

Section: Bioavailability Of Zinc In Foodmentioning

confidence: 54%

“…Earlier work in our laboratory (45) had shown that high levels of calcium aggravated signs of zinc deficiency when added to diets in which the components were primarily of plant origin. That this effect resulted from an interaction of calcium, phytate, and zinc was demonstrated in rats (35), pigs (34), and chicks (52) using casein-based diets supplemented with phytate. A high-calcium concentration in the diet increased the requirement for zinc only when phytate was present.…”

Section: Bioavailability Of Zinc In Foodmentioning

confidence: 96%

Personal Reflections on a Galvanizing Trail

O’Dell

1998

Annu. Rev. Nutr.

Self Cite

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This article encompasses my perception of, and experience in, an exciting segment of the trace element era in nutrition research: the role of zinc in the nutrition of animals and humans. Zinc has been a major player on the stage of trace element research, and it has left a trail that has galvanized the attention of many researchers, including myself. It is ubiquitous in biological systems, and it plays a multitude of physiologic and biochemical functions. A brief historical overview is followed by a discussion of the contributions the work done in my laboratory has made toward understanding the physiological and biochemical functions of zinc. The effort of 40 years has led to the belief that one of zinc's major roles, and perhaps its first limiting role, is to preserve plasma-membrane function as regards ion channels and signal transduction. Although substantial knowledge has been gained relating to the importance of zinc in nutrition, much remains to be discovered. CONTENTS

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“…The interaction between zinc and calcium or iron is of interest. Although the long-term use of calcium supplements has limited effect on the zinc status (Sandström 2001), old literature reports that the content of calcium in the diet might affect zinc absorption from phytate-containing meals (Oberleas et al 1966). Ellis et al (1987) have shown that this interference is dependent on the balance between calcium and phytate in the diet: the phytate × calcium/zinc millimolar ratios ≤200 is recommended in order to obtain an adequate zinc bioavailability from human diets.…”

Section: Interaction Of Zinc-calciummentioning

confidence: 99%

Zinc: dietary intake and impact of supplementation on immune function in elderly

Mocchegiani

Romeo

Malavolta

et al. 2012

AGE

158

119

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The diet in the elderly does not provide a sufficient level of nutrients needed to maintain an adequate healthy status leading to micronutrient deficiencies and impaired immune response with subsequent development of degenerative diseases. Nutrient "zinc" is a relevant micronutrient involved in maintaining a good integrity of many body homeostatic mechanisms, including immune efficiency, owing to its requirement for the biological activity of many enzymes, proteins and for cellular proliferation and genomic stability. Old people aged 60-65 years and older have zinc intakes below 50% of the recommended daily allowance on a given day. Many causes can be involved: among them, altered intestinal absorption, inadequate mastication, psychosocial factors, drugs interactions, altered subcellular processes (zinc transporters (Zip and ZnT family), metallothioneins, divalent metal transporter-1). Zinc supplementation may remodel the immune alterations in elderly leading to healthy ageing. Several zinc trials have been carried out with contradictory data, perhaps due to incorrect choice of an effective zinc supplementation in old subjects showing subsequent zinc toxic effects on immunity. Old subjects with specific IL-6 polymorphism (GG allele carriers; named C−) are more prone for zinc supplementation than the entire old population, in whom correct dietary habits with foods containing zinc (Mediterranean diet) may be sufficient in restoring zinc deficiency and impaired immune response. We summarise the main causes of low zinc dietary intake in elderly reporting an update on the impact of zinc supplementation upon the immune response also on the basis of individual IL-6 polymorphism.

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Dietary Metal-complexing Agents and Zinc Availability in the Rat

Cited by 234 publications

References 18 publications

Zinc availability and digestive zinc solubility in piglets and broilers fed diets varying in their phytate contents, phytase activity and supplemented zinc source

Zinc availability and digestive zinc solubility in piglets and broilers fed diets varying in their phytate contents, phytase activity and supplemented zinc source

Personal Reflections on a Galvanizing Trail

Zinc: dietary intake and impact of supplementation on immune function in elderly

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