Dietary methionine deficiency affects oxidative status, mitochondrial integrity and mitophagy in the liver of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Abstract

The low levels of methionine in vegetable raw materials represent a limit to their use in aquafeed. Methionine is considered as an important factor in the control of oxidative status. However, restriction of dietary methionine has been shown to reduce generation of mitochondrial oxygen radicals and thus oxidative damage in liver. Here, we aim to evaluate the effect of dietary methionine deficiency in hepatic oxidative status in rainbow trout and identify the underlying mechanisms. Fish were fed for 6 weeks diets containing two different methionine concentrations: deficient (MD, Methionine Deficient diet) or adequate (CTL, control diet). At the end of the experiment, fish fed the MD diet showed a significantly lower body weight and feed efficiency compared to fish fed the CTL diet. Growth reduction of the MD group was associated to a general mitochondrial defect and a concomitant decrease of the oxidative status in the liver. The obtained results also revealed a sharp increase of mitochondrial degradation through mitophagy in these conditions and emphasized the involvement of the PINK1/PARKIN axis in this event. Collectively, these results provide a broader understanding of the mechanisms at play in the reduction of oxidant status upon dietary methionine deficiency.

Metabolic and immune responses of Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) smolts to a short‐term poly (I:C) challenge

“…Also, the upregulation of (Cavallaro et al, 2016). Indeed, cysteine and methionine levels were upregulated in the poly (I:C)-treated fish, indicating an enhanced immune response to supply these metabolites for the transsulphuration and glutathione pathways in response to increases in ROS production in the treated fish, as previously demonstrated elsewhere (Levine et al, 1999;Séité et al, 2018;Wu et al, 2012).…”

“…Furthermore, poly (I:C) influenced methionine metabolism and cysteine (the transsulphuration pathway) ( Figure 6), which supplies cysteine for glutathione synthesis during mild stress (Elmada et al, 2016;Séité et al, 2018). In this pathway, methionine is a methyl donor after conversion to S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM), a precursor of S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH), which may be hydrolysed to homocysteine, needed for cysteine formation (D'Mello & D'Mello, 2003).…”

Genome-Wide Association Analysis With a 50K Transcribed Gene SNP-Chip Identifies QTL Affecting Muscle Yield in Rainbow Trout

“…GWA analysis (described below) showed a SNP window contained the CS gene associated with the genetic variance in muscle yield. To assess the potential effect of the SNPs in this gene, we measured the CS activity in 100 fish from the 2012 year-class as previously described (Brijs et al, 2017 ; Seite et al, 2018 ). Frozen muscle tissue samples were homogenized using electric homogenizer on ice followed by centrifugation at 1,000g for 15 min at 4°C.…”

Modulation of Crustacean Innate Immune Response by Amino Acids and Their Metabolites: Inferences From Other Species

“…For instance, dietary Met supplements have been shown to improve growth performance in different fish species ( 144 , 154 – 158 ). Specifically, lack of Met in feed could affect protein synthesis and reduce feed utilization in flatfish ( Solea senegalensis ) and white bass ( Morone chrysops ) ( 159 , 160 ), as well as induce general mitochondrial dysfunction in liver of rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss ) ( 161 ). On the contrary, excess dietary Met does not result in a corresponding improvement in growth rate in O. mykiss or orange-spotted grouper ( Epinephelus coioides ) ( 156 , 162 ), and could even decrease growth rate in P. crocea ( 157 ).…”