Dietary pattern derived by reduced-rank regression and cardiovascular disease: A cross-sectional study

Sun, Qiufen; Wen, Qiaorui; Lyu, Jun; Sun, Dianjianyi; Ma, Yuan; Man, Sailimai; Yin, Jianchun; Jin, Cheng; Tong, Mingkun; Wang, Bo; Yu, Canqing; Ning, Yi; Li, Liming

doi:10.1016/j.numecd.2021.10.008

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Although the variations of nutrients as more proximal response variables versus biomarkers can be substantially explained, it may violate the independence assumption for response variables when using predictors (food groups) and response variables from dietary assessment tools simultaneously [ 26 ]. Compared to 11.2% variation in response variables of our study, we noticed that previous studies also displayed low variations ranging from 1.7% to 4.2% [ 27 – 29 ] using biomarkers as response variables for RRR. Previous studies showed consistent results on certain cancer sites.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 83%

Associations between an obesity-related dietary pattern and incidence of overall and site-specific cancers: a prospective cohort study

Maimaitiyiming,

Yang,

Zhou

et al. 2023

BMC Med

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Background A dietary pattern (DP) may impact on cancer incidence more strongly than individual foods, but this association remains uncertain. Here, we aimed to broadly explore the associations of an obesity-related DP with overall and 19 site-specific cancers. Methods This study included 114,289 cancer-free participants with at least two dietary assessments. A total of 210 food items were classified into 47 food groups, and the mean amount of each food group was used in reduced-rank regression to derive the obesity-related DP. Cox regressions were conducted to explore the associations of the obesity-related DP with overall and 19 site-specific cancers. The parallel mediation model was constructed to quantify the mediating roles of potential mediators. Results During a median follow-up period of 9.4 years, 10,145 (8.9%) incident cancer cases were documented. The derived-DP was characterized by a higher intake of beer and cider, processed meat, high sugar beverages, red meat, and artificial sweetener, and a lower intake of fresh vegetables, olive oil, tea, and high fiber breakfast cereals. Observational analysis showed that a higher obesity-related DP Z-score was linearly associated with an increased risk of overall cancer (adjusted hazard ratio (HR) = 1.02, 95% CI: 1.01, 1.04 per 1-SD increase, corrected P < 0.001). For site-specific cancer, positive linear associations for six cancer sites (oral, colorectal, liver, lung, endometrium, and thyroid) and nonlinear associations for six cancer sites (esophagus, malignant melanoma, prostate, kidney, bladder, and multiple myeloma) were observed. The paralleled mediation analysis suggested that the association between the obesity-related DP and overall cancer is mediated by the body mass index (BMI), the waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), C-reactive protein, high-density lipoproteins (HDLs), and triglycerides. Conclusions The developed obesity-related DP is strongly associated with overall and multiple cancer sites. Our findings highlight the complicated and diverse associations between an obesity-related DP and cancers and provide clues for future research directions.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 83%

Associations between an obesity-related dietary pattern and incidence of overall and site-specific cancers: a prospective cohort study

Maimaitiyiming,

Yang,

Zhou

et al. 2023

BMC Med

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“…NP1 explained 9.5% of the variation in genetically adjusted PC1 and 0.01% of the variation of genetically adjusted PC2, so this nutrient pattern may be measuring a diet that promotes a state of resiliency to stress. This is a similar percent explained in other RRRs with biomarkers as response variables [ 89 , 90 , 91 ] and similar factor loadings to other RRR-derived dietary patterns [ 92 , 93 , 94 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

An Oxylipin-Related Nutrient Pattern and Risk of Type 1 Diabetes in the Diabetes Autoimmunity Study in the Young (DAISY)

et al. 2023

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Oxylipins, pro-inflammatory and pro-resolving lipid mediators, are associated with the risk of type 1 diabetes (T1D) and may be influenced by diet. This study aimed to develop a nutrient pattern related to oxylipin profiles and test their associations with the risk of T1D among youth. The nutrient patterns were developed with a reduced rank regression in a nested case-control study (n = 335) within the Diabetes Autoimmunity Study in the Young (DAISY), a longitudinal cohort of children at risk of T1D. The oxylipin profiles (adjusted for genetic predictors) were the response variables. The nutrient patterns were tested in the case-control study (n = 69 T1D cases, 69 controls), then validated in the DAISY cohort using a joint Cox proportional hazards model (n = 1933, including 81 T1D cases). The first nutrient pattern (NP1) was characterized by low beta cryptoxanthin, flavanone, vitamin C, total sugars and iron, and high lycopene, anthocyanidins, linoleic acid and sodium. After adjusting for T1D family history, the HLA genotype, sex and race/ethnicity, NP1 was associated with a lower risk of T1D in the nested case-control study (OR: 0.44, p = 0.0126). NP1 was not associated with the risk of T1D (HR: 0.54, p-value = 0.1829) in the full DAISY cohort. Future studies are needed to confirm the nested case-control findings and investigate the modifiable factors for oxylipins.

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“…A food item with absolute factor loading over 0.1 was used to describe the characteristics of the dietary pattern. Higher absolute factor loading of food items reflects higher consumption, and the dietary score was calculated by standardized food intakes and their weight within the dietary pattern [ 21 ]. Participants were afterward divided into quintile groups due to dietary scores to conduct further analysis.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Besides, this research did not include the Chinese elderly, an important part of the whole population. Meanwhile, the Reduced-Rank Regression (RRR), a method recently applied in nutritional epidemiology, could either identify the dietary pattern or explain the maximum variation of the response variables (such as nutrients) linked to the aim disease [ 20 , 21 ]. This study aims to explore the dietary pattern among all-adults in China, examine the relationship between DASH-score and current dietary patterns and the risk of HTN based on the data from China Nutrition and Health Surveillance (CNHS) 2015–2017.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrient-Derived Beneficial for Blood Pressure Dietary Pattern Associated with Hypertension Prevention and Control: Based on China Nutrition and Health Surveillance 2015–2017

Yang

Piao

et al. 2022

Nutrients

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Background: Greater adherence of Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension (DASH) or the Mediterranean dietary pattern were reported to be beneficial for blood pressure. However, both were established based on Western populations. Our current study aimed to explore a dietary pattern which might be suitable for hypertension prevention and control among Chinese adults nationwide. Methods: A total of 61,747 Chinese adults aged over 18 years from China Nutrition and Health Surveillance 2015–2017 was included in this study. Using reduced-rank regression (RRR) method, a dietary pattern with higher intakes of those nutrients which are inversely associated with the risk of hypertension was identified. DASH-score was also calculated for each participant for further validate the dietary pattern derived by RRR method. Multi-adjustment logistic regression was applied to examine the association between above two dietary patterns and hypertension prevention and control. Results: Dietary pattern named Beneficial for Blood Pressure (BBP) diet was characterized by higher fresh vegetables and fruits, mushrooms/edible fungi, dairy products, seaweeds, fresh eggs, nuts and seeds, legumes and related products, aquatic products, coarse cereals, and less refined grains and alcohol consumption. After multiple adjustment, protective effects showed on both hypertension prevention and control (for prevention: Q5 vs. Q1, OR = 0.842, 95% CI = 0.791–0.896; for control: Q5 vs. Q1, OR = 0.762, 95% CI = 0.629–0.924). For the DASH-diet, significant results were also observed (for prevention: Q5 vs. Q1, OR = 0.912, 95% CI = 0.854–0.973; for control: Q5 vs. Q1, OR = 0.76, 95% CI = 0.616–0.938). Conclusions: BBP-diet derived from Chinese adults has high conformity with the DASH-diet, and it might serve as an adjuvant method for both hypertension prevention and control.

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Dietary pattern derived by reduced-rank regression and cardiovascular disease: A cross-sectional study

Cited by 12 publications

References 34 publications

Associations between an obesity-related dietary pattern and incidence of overall and site-specific cancers: a prospective cohort study

Associations between an obesity-related dietary pattern and incidence of overall and site-specific cancers: a prospective cohort study

An Oxylipin-Related Nutrient Pattern and Risk of Type 1 Diabetes in the Diabetes Autoimmunity Study in the Young (DAISY)

Nutrient-Derived Beneficial for Blood Pressure Dietary Pattern Associated with Hypertension Prevention and Control: Based on China Nutrition and Health Surveillance 2015–2017

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