Dietary Patterns and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Among Iranian Children: A Case-Control Study

Abbasi, Khadijeh; Beigrezai, Sara; Ghiasvand, Reza; Pourmasoumi, Makan; Mahaki, Behzad

doi:10.1080/07315724.2018.1473819

Cited by 22 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Traditionally, in this region, cooked vegetables are usually eaten with boiled potatoes and legumes with some processed meat, a fact that may drag this healthy food into the Western-like pattern. In line with studies by Abbasi et al [ 27 ], and Howard et al [ 28 ], the systematic review by Del-Ponte et al [ 24 ], and the meta-analysis by Shareghfarid et al [ 25 ], we found positive association between the Western pattern and ADHD. Yan et al [ 29 ] found that unhealthy patterns such as processed food, snacks, and beverages were positively associated with ADHD symptomatology.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Furthermore, other authors studied the relationship between diet and ADHD versus non-ADHD. These studies used dietary patterns to evaluate the nutrition of children and adolescents with ADHD, and found relationships between ADHD and unhealthy diets [ 24 , 25 ], such as the fast food, sweet, and Western [ 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 ] patterns. This means that children and adolescents with ADHD prefer superfluous food with greater palatability and lower nutritional quality.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Do Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Follow a Different Dietary Pattern than That of Their Control Peers?

et al. 2022

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Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common neurodevelopmental disorders in children and adolescents. A current area of interest is the association between ADHD and food consumption. The aim of this study was to determine the food consumption and dietary patterns of children with and without ADHD in relation to their age and ADHD presentation. The study involved 259 preschoolers aged 3 to 6 years old (57 with ADHD and 202 controls) and 475 elementary-school-age children, aged 10 to 12 years old (213 with ADHD and 262 controls) from Spain. ADHD was diagnosed in accordance with the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th edition) from Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children interviews. Eating data were collected using a food consumption frequency questionnaire, and principal component analysis was carried out to analyze dietary patterns. Western-like, sweet, and healthy patterns were identified. The ADHD group was negatively associated with the healthy pattern (p < 0.001) and positively associated with the Western-like diet (p = 0.004). Children with inattentive presentation showed lower adherence (12.2%) to a healthy pattern than that of the control group (39.9%) (p < 0.001). There is an association between ADHD and dietary habits; children with inattentive presentation may particularly be at risk of unhealthy eating habits.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Follow a Different Dietary Pattern than That of Their Control Peers?

et al. 2022

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“…We found that high intakes of HFSS foods are positively associated with physical aggression. This result is consistent with other studies which emphasized problem behaviors, such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, depressive symptoms, and autism [13,14,34,38,39]. In addition, a previous study which investigated the one-by-one associations between various junk foods and violent behaviors also found a positive association between daily consumption of salty snacks and children's physical fighting [34].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Forming a proper dietary pattern is vitally important for young children because they are in the developmental stages of life. Although relatively few studies have empirically examined the effect of dietary pattern on physical aggression in early childhood [9], dietary pattern has been associated with depression [12], autism [13], and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder [14]. Thus, to prevent and reduce preschoolers' physical aggression, more evidence is necessary to understand the influences of different dietary patterns on physical aggression.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The mediating effect of dietary patterns on the association between mother’s education level and the physical aggression of five-year-old children: a population-based cohort study

Lin

et al. 2020

BMC Pediatr

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Background: Relatively few studies have investigated the effects of diet on behavior problems among preschoolers, particularly, physical aggression. In addition, children raised by poorly educated mothers usually have a higher probability of developing negative outcomes. Additionally, highly educated mothers have a higher probability of providing more healthy foods for their children. Thus, mothers providing healthy foods might mitigate children's behavior problems. The study aims to examine whether preschoolers' dietary pattern, as a manipulable factor, mediates the association between maternal education level and physical aggression. Methods: Data came from the Taiwan Birth Cohort Study (TBCS), a nationally representative population-based cohort study, which included 18,513 five-year-old Taiwanese children. Mothers and primary caregivers reported the information on preschoolers' physical aggression and food consumption at age 5 and maternal education level at age 6 months. Two dietary patterns, namely a healthy diet and a high-fat-sugar-salt (HFSS) diet, were retrieved by exploratory factor analysis. Mediation hypotheses were tested by a series of multiple regression models conducted using the PROCESS macro of SAS 9.4. All models were adjusted for children's sex, parental marital status, household income, mental distress at age 5 and children's physical aggression at age 3. Results: Maternal education positively linked to healthy dietary patterns (B = 0.014, p = 0.002) which was negatively associated with preschoolers' physical aggression (B =-0.096, p = 0.013), and it is negatively related to the HFSS dietary pattern (B =-0.042, p = 0.002) which was directly positively associated with preschoolers' physical aggression (B = 0.123, p = 0.008). The association between maternal education and preschoolers' physical aggression was partially mediated by preschoolers' healthy (B =-0.001, p < .001) and HFSS (B =-0.005, p = <.001) dietary patterns, respectively. The R-square of the mediation model is 0.178.

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“…A validated 168-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was used for dietary assessment [19]. For each item, a trained dietitian asked the children's parents to report the portion size and frequency of food consumption on a daily, weekly, and monthly basis in the previous year.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary phytochemical index and overweight/obesity in children: a cross-sectional study

2020

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The aim of the present study was to examine the relationship between the dietary phytochemical index (DPI) and overweight/obesity in children. This cross-sectional study was comprised of 356 children aged 7 to 10 yearsold study in the city of Tehran, Iran. The dietary intake of participants was collected using a validated food frequency questionnaire. The DPI was calculated based on the daily energy derived from phytochemical-rich foods. The definition of overweight and obesity was based on the criteria developed by the US Chronic Disease Center for prevention and health promotion. Results: The overall prevalence of overweight/obesity was 35.1%. The mean (standard deviation) of the DPI was 14.25 (4.13), 24.12 (2.64), 35.41 (3.62) and 61.52 (16.47) in the first, second, third and fourth quartiles (Q), respectively. Subjects in the higher quartiles of DPI had a significantly higher intake of dietary fiber, vitamin C, and potassium compared to those in the lower quartiles. In the multiple regression analysis, subjects in the highest quartile of DPI had significantly lower odds of being overweight/obese compared to those in the first quartile [odds ratio and 95% confidence intervals for Q4 vs. Q1: 0.47 (0.25, 0.87); P for trend = 0.02].

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Dietary Patterns and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Among Iranian Children: A Case-Control Study

Cited by 22 publications

References 38 publications

Do Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Follow a Different Dietary Pattern than That of Their Control Peers?

Do Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Follow a Different Dietary Pattern than That of Their Control Peers?

The mediating effect of dietary patterns on the association between mother’s education level and the physical aggression of five-year-old children: a population-based cohort study

Dietary phytochemical index and overweight/obesity in children: a cross-sectional study

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