Dietary patterns and changes in body mass index and waist circumference in adults

Newby, P. K.; Muller, Denis C.; Hallfrisch, Judith; Qiao, Ning; Andres, Reubin; Tucker, Katherine L.

doi:10.1093/ajcn/77.6.1417

Cited by 453 publications

(377 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…The patterns we find in this study are similar to patterns found in several other studies. The Western pattern (Slattery et al, 1998;Fung et al, 2001;Terry et al, 2001) and the healthy pattern (or 'prudent pattern') are reported by many others (Slattery et al, 1998;Fung et al, 2001;Pryer et al, 2001;Terry et al, 2001;Chen et al, 2002;Newby et al, 2003), the same is the case for the alcohol pattern (Slattery et al, 1998;Terry et al, 2001;Newby et al, 2003) and the average pattern (or LER pattern) (Fraser et al, 2000;Greenwood et al, 2000;Millen et al, 2002). Several studies also report traditional diet patterns (Greenwood et al, 2000;Pryer et al, 2001;van Dam et al, 2003), but these are naturally different from the ones we find in our study since traditional patterns are specific to each country.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 51%

“…Both Slattery et al (1998) and Newby et al (2003) found highest percentage of current smokers among their alcohol patterns. As in our study, Slattery et al (1998) found that persons in the alcohol pattern were more likely to have higher income, but in contrast to what we found Slattery also found that they were more likely to have higher education.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

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Dietary patterns and lifestyle factors in the Norwegian EPIC cohort: The Norwegian Women and Cancer (NOWAC) study

et al. 2005

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Objective: To identify different dietary patterns in Norway using a combination of cluster and factor analysis. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Nation-wide, population-based study. Subjects: The Norwegian EPIC cohort is a subcohort of the Norwegian Women and Cancer study (NOWAC), and consist 37.226 women aged 41-56 y who answered a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) in 1998. Interventions: The associations among 50 food variables were first investigated by using principal component analysis. Five important factors were found. The five principal components were then used as input in the cluster analysis. Different socioeconomic and lifestyle variables were examined. Results: Six clusters of dietary patterns were found, and were labelled accordingly: 'traditional fish eaters', 'healthy eaters', 'average, less fish, less healthy', 'Western', 'traditional bread eaters', and 'alcohol users'. The traditional fish eaters and the traditional bread eaters were both highly represented in the north and west of Norway and were more likely to be present among persons with lower income and lower education. The healthy and the alcohol drinkers were found mostly in the south and east and were more likely to have higher income. Persons in the alcohol group were more likely to be current smokers. The western group had the highest percentage of three or more persons in the household and the shortest time since last birth, indicating that families with children dominate this group. Conclusion: Our data indicate six different dietary patterns in Norway, each with different socio-demographic and lifestyle characteristics.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 51%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Dietary patterns and lifestyle factors in the Norwegian EPIC cohort: The Norwegian Women and Cancer (NOWAC) study

et al. 2005

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“…16 As, only few longitudinal studies have been performed to examine the link between dietary patterns and BMI or obesity. [17][18][19][20][21][22] Among them, one study found that food factors could not consistently predict changes in BMI or obesity development, 22 whereas the others showed that dietary patterns were significantly related to changes in BMI over time. [17][18][19]21 According to these studies, it seems that the adoption of a dietary pattern characterized by high intakes of red and processed meats, refined grains, sweets and desserts is associated with larger weight gain, whereas a dietary pattern usually characterized by high intakes of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, fish and poultry may facilitate weight maintenance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between dietary patterns and obesity phenotypes

et al. 2009

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Objective: To examine whether dietary patterns are associated with obesity phenotypes. Design: Cross-sectional study. Subjects: We recruited 664 participants aged between 18 and 55 years. Dietary data were collected from a food frequency questionnaire. A factor analysis was performed to derive dietary patterns. Body mass index (BMI), weight and waist girth were recorded using standard procedures. Fat mass and fat-free mass were assessed by electrical bioimpedance. Obesity was defined as having a BMIX30 kg m À2 and a positive FHO (FHO þ ) as having at least one obese first-degree relative. Results: Two dietary patterns were identified; Western and Prudent. The Western pattern was mainly characterized by a higher consumption of refined grains, French fries, red meats, condiments, processed meats and regular soft drinks whereas the Prudent pattern was mainly characterized by a higher consumption of non-hydrogenated fat, vegetables, eggs and fish and seafood. Subjects in the top tertile of the Western pattern had higher BMI, weight, waist girth, waist-to-hip ratio and fat mass than those in the lower tertile. In contrast, subjects in the top tertile of the Prudent pattern had lower BMI, weight, waist girth, fat mass, HDL-cholesterol levels, and lower triglyceride levels than those in the lowest tertile. Individuals in the upper tertile of the Western pattern were more likely to be obese (obesity was defined as having a BMIX30 kg m À2 ) (OR ¼ 1.82, 95% CI 1.16-2.87) whereas those in the upper tertile of the Prudent pattern were less likely to be obese (OR ¼ 0.62, 95% CI 0.40-0.96). These latter significant associations were only observed among those with FHO þ . No such association was observed among FHOÀ individuals. Conclusion: Individuals having a high score of Western pattern were more likely to be obese and those having a high score of the Prudent pattern were less likely to be obese, and this is particularly among individuals with an FHO þ .

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“…Although some studies have considered the role of dietary patterns in the development of central obesity among adults (18)(19)(20)(21) , data related to the role of food group intake in the development of central obesity at younger ages is very limited. The US Department of Agriculture's (USDA) Food Guide Pyramid and Dietary Guidelines for Americans (issued every five years) provide food-based intake guidelines for children and adults (22) .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Food group intake and central obesity among children and adolescents in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III)

Bradlee

Singer

Qureshi

et al. 2009

Public Health Nutr.

184

147

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Objective: To explore mean food group intakes associated with central obesity anthropometry among children and adolescents enrolled in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III). Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Representative sampling of the US population (1998)(1999)(2000)(2001)(2002). Subjects: Subjects were 3761 children (5-11 years) and 1803 adolescents (12-16 years) with single 24 h dietary recalls and anthropometric measures of central body fat (waist circumference and sum of subscapular and suprailiac skinfold thicknesses). Results: Results were controlled for confounding by age, height, race/ethnicity, Tanner stage, television viewing and parental education. In younger children, there was no relationship between central adiposity and mean intakes of dairy, fruit, vegetables or grains, while a positive association with meat intake was found among boys. In adolescent boys and girls, central body fat measures were inversely associated with mean dairy and grain intakes. Adolescent boys in the highest quartile of central adiposity consumed less fruit and fewer vegetables; those in the lowest central adiposity quartile consumed less meat. Finally, adolescents who met the criteria for central obesity (waist circumference $85th percentile for age and sex) reported consuming significantly less total dairy (as well as milk and cheese separately), total grains (whole and refined) and total fruit and vegetables. There was no association with meat consumption. To test the stability of these findings, the final analysis was replicated in 2541 same-aged adolescents from NHANES 1999-2002; the results were very similar. Conclusions: These cross-sectional analyses suggest that intakes of dairy, grains and total fruits and vegetables are inversely associated with central obesity among adolescents.

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Dietary patterns and changes in body mass index and waist circumference in adults

Cited by 453 publications

References 56 publications

Dietary patterns and lifestyle factors in the Norwegian EPIC cohort: The Norwegian Women and Cancer (NOWAC) study

Dietary patterns and lifestyle factors in the Norwegian EPIC cohort: The Norwegian Women and Cancer (NOWAC) study

Associations between dietary patterns and obesity phenotypes

Food group intake and central obesity among children and adolescents in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III)

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