Dietary Patterns and Markers of Systemic Inflammation among Iranian Women

Esmaillzadeh, Ahmad; Kimiagar, Masoud; Mehrabi, Yadollah; Azadbakht, Leila; Hu, Frank B.; Willett, Walter C.

doi:10.1093/jn/137.4.992

Cited by 355 publications

(335 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…6 Dietary patterns including fruits, vegetables, whole grains, fish and different types of fatty acids, are inversely associated with different inflammatory markers. [37][38][39] In an intervention study, consuming a diet rich in SFA increased the concentrations of C-reactive protein, interleukin-6 and fibrinogen. 40 It has also been shown in a crosssectional design that a diet rich in omega-3 fatty acids is associated with lower amounts of pro-inflammatory markers and with higher amounts of anti-inflammatory markers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leukocyte telomere length and its relation to food and nutrient intake in an elderly population

Männistö

et al. 2012

Eur J Clin Nutr

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BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Shorter leukocyte telomere length (LTL) is associated with several chronic diseases, but only a few studies have assessed the association between dietary factors and LTL. Our objective was to study the association between fats, fruits, vegetables and LTL in a cross-sectional study design. We hypothesized that intakes of fruits and vegetables would be positively associated with LTL and that intakes of fats, and especially saturated fatty acids (SFAs), would be negatively associated with LTL. SUBJECTS/METHODS: LTL was measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction in 1942 men and women aged 57-70 years from the Helsinki Birth Cohort Study. We assessed the whole diet by a validated semiquantitative 128-item food-frequency questionnaire. RESULTS: In general, there were only a few significant results. However, total fat and SFA intake (P ¼ 0.04 and 0.01, respectively) were inversely associated with LTL in men adjusting for age and energy intake. In women, vegetable intake was positively associated with LTL (P ¼ 0.05). Men consuming the most butter and least fruits had significantly shorter telomeres than those consuming the lowest amounts of butter and highest amounts of fruits (P ¼ 0.05). We found no association between LTL and body mass index, waist-hip ratio, smoking, physical activity or educational attainment. CONCLUSIONS: In this cross-sectional study of elderly men and women, there were only a few statistically significant effects of diet, but in general they support the hypothesis that fat and vegetable intakes were associated with LTL.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leukocyte telomere length and its relation to food and nutrient intake in an elderly population

Männistö

et al. 2012

Eur J Clin Nutr

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“…However, women with prior history of cardiovascular disease and diabetes were excluded from study sample to minimize the impact of these factors on analysis. In addition, women with these chronic diseases are more likely to have changed their diet [53,54], and this could bias the results toward null. Fifth, prevalence of smoking was low (only 5.7% smoking) and average minutes of exercise was high (over 150 minutes a week) in the study population.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between dietary fiber and markers of systemic inflammation in the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study

et al. 2008

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Objective-Systemic inflammation may play an important role in the development of atherosclerosis, type 2 diabetes, and some cancers. Few studies have comprehensively assessed the direct relationships between dietary fiber and inflammatory cytokines, especially in minority populations. Using baseline data from 1,958 postmenopausal women enrolled in the Women's Heath Initiative Observational Study, we examined cross-sectional associations between dietary fiber intake and markers of systemic inflammation (including serum C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor α receptor 2 (TNF-α-R2)), as well as differences in these associations by ethnicity.Method-Multiple linear regression models were used to assess the relationship between fiber intake and makers of systemic inflammation.Results-After adjustment for covariates, intake of dietary fiber were inversely associated with both IL-6 (P values for trend were 0.01 for total fiber, 0.004 for soluble fiber, and 0.001 for insoluble fiber) and TNF-α-R2 (P values for trend were 0.002 for total, 0.02 for soluble, and <0.001 for insoluble fiber). Although the sample sizes were small in minority Americans, results were generally Publisher's Disclaimer: This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. Conclusions-These findings lend support to the hypothesis that a high-fiber diet is associated with lower plasma levels of IL-6 and TNF-α-R2. Contrary to previous reports, however, there was no association between fiber and hs-CRP among postmenopausal women. Future studies on the influence of diet on inflammation should include IL-6 and TNF-α-R2 and enroll participants from ethnic minorities. NIH Public Access

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“…Our validation study (27,28) with the use of biomarkers and also twelve 24 h dietary recalls as gold standard indicated that the FFQ provided a reasonably valid and reliable measure of intake for most food and nutrient intakes. Although we did not assess the correlation coefficients for DED per se, the correlations for fruits, vegetables and fats (the most influential factors on DED) were reasonable.…”

Section: Assessment Of Dietary Intakementioning

confidence: 90%

Consumption of energy-dense diets in relation to cardiometabolic abnormalities among Iranian women

Esmaillzadeh

Boroujeni

Azadbakht

2011

Public Health Nutr.

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Objective: To assess the association between dietary energy density and the prevalence of cardiometabolic risk factors among Iranian adult women. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran. Subjects: We assessed habitual dietary intakes of 486 Iranian adult women by the use of a validated FFQ. Dietary energy density (DED) was calculated as each individual's reported daily energy intake (kJ/d, kcal/d) divided by the total weight of foods (excluding beverages) consumed (g/d). Fasting plasma glucose (FPG), lipid profiles and blood pressure were measured. Diabetes (FPG $ 126 mg/dl), dyslipidaemia (based on the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III) and hypertension (based on the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation and Treatment of High Blood Pressure) were determined. The presence of 'at least one risk factor' and 'at least two risk factors' of the three major risk factors for CVD (hypertension, dyslipidaemia and diabetes) was also evaluated. To explore the associations between DED and cardiometabolic risk factors, we obtained prevalence ratios in different models accounting for confounders. Results: Mean DED was 7?41 (SD 1?46) kJ/g (1?77 (SD 0?35) kcal/g). Consumption of energy-dense diets was associated with higher intakes of energy, dietary fat, cholesterol, vegetable oils, refined grains and high-fat dairy products, along with lower intakes of dietary carbohydrates, fruits, vegetables, and meat and fish. Adherence to an energy-dense diet was associated with elevated levels of serum TAG, total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol and lower levels of serum HDL cholesterol. Women in the top quartile of DED were more likely to have dyslipidaemia (61 % v. 31 %, P , 0?05), at least one (68 % v. 35 %, P , 0?05) and at least two (29 % v. 10 %, P , 0?05) cardiometabolic risk factors compared with those in the bottom quartile. Consumption of energy-dense diets was significantly associated with a greater chance of having dyslipidaemia (prevalence ratio in top quartile v. bottom quartile: 1?78; 95 % CI 1?33, 2?58), at least one (1?81; 1?44, 2?49) and at least two cardiometabolic risk factors (2?81; 1?51, 5?24). Additional control for BMI and total energy intake slightly attenuated the associations. No overall significant associations were found between consumption of energy-dense diets and risk of having diabetes or hypertension either before or after adjustment for confounders. Conclusions: Consumption of energy-dense diets was significantly related to the high prevalence of dyslipidaemia, at least one and at least two cardiometabolic risk factors among Iranian adult women. Prospective studies are required to confirm our findings.

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Dietary Patterns and Markers of Systemic Inflammation among Iranian Women

Cited by 355 publications

References 45 publications

Leukocyte telomere length and its relation to food and nutrient intake in an elderly population

Leukocyte telomere length and its relation to food and nutrient intake in an elderly population

Association between dietary fiber and markers of systemic inflammation in the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study

Consumption of energy-dense diets in relation to cardiometabolic abnormalities among Iranian women

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