Dietary Patterns and Metabolic Syndrome Risk in Adults Living with HIV: A Cross-Sectional Study in Lusaka District, Zambia

Kalaluka, Peryson Kekelwa; Tsarkov, Anatolii; Petlovanyi, Petro; Kunda, Richard; Himalowa, Simon; Bwembya, Phoebe; Kumwenda, Chiza; Mpundu, Gabriel; Phiri, Crecious

doi:10.24018/ejmed.2024.6.1.2032

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…A significant randomized controlled study demonstrated that dietary strategies could effectively reduce key cardiometabolic risk factors in PLHIV undergoing ARV therapy, impacting hypertension, blood glucose levels, and lipid profiles positively [17], [23], [24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Incidence of Hypertension and Diabetes Mellitus Among HIV-Infected Individuals Receiving HAART in Chongwe District, Lusaka Province, Zambia

Hamoonga,

Tsarkov,

Petlovanyi

et al. 2024

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Background: The Zambia National Health Strategic Plan (ZNHSP) 2011–2017 underscores the need for community-level risk factor stratification to bolster insufficient incidence and prevalence data. This study evaluates the prevalence and incidence of hypertension and diabetes mellitus in HIV-infected patients on Highly Active Anti-Retroviral Therapy (HAART) and assesses associations with ARV use. Methodology: A retrospective cohort analysis was conducted using the SMART CARE database in Chongwe district, involving 2070 HIV-infected persons on HAART. Statistical analysis included Chi-square, Kruskal-Wallis tests, and logistic regression. Results: Among participants, 33.8% exhibited hypertension, with an incidence case fatality rate of 85.7 per 1000 person-years (PYFU). Hypertension was notably higher in men (64%) than women (49%) and prevalent in the 18–45 age group (57.2%). The incidence of type II diabetes was 37.4 per 1000 PYFU. Logistic regression highlighted significant predictors for both conditions, including ART combination, age, and smoking status. Conclusion: High prevalence and incidence rates of hypertension and type II diabetes were observed among HIV-positive individuals on HAART. Certain HAART combinations, particularly twoNRTIs plus a PI or INSTI, correlated with increased hypertension risk, while combinations including NNRTI or INSTI were linked to higher diabetes incidence.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Incidence of Hypertension and Diabetes Mellitus Among HIV-Infected Individuals Receiving HAART in Chongwe District, Lusaka Province, Zambia

Hamoonga,

Tsarkov,

Petlovanyi

et al. 2024

CLINICMED

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“…Self-Efficacy and Determinants of Newborn Resuscitation Practices the mental well-being and operational capacity of healthcare providers [8]. Dietary and lifestyle factors play a significant role in health outcomes [9], [10]. Similarly, providing comprehensive support and resources to healthcare professionals can significantly enhance their self-efficacy and effectiveness in clinical procedures [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-Efficacy and Determinants of Newborn Resuscitation Practices among Healthcare Professionals in Chipata District, Eastern Province, Zambia

Daka,

Tsarkov,

Petlovanyi

et al. 2024

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Background: Effective newborn resuscitation in healthcare institutions depends on factors like supervisor support, knowledge, availability of functional equipment, and self-efficacy of healthcare professionals. This study investigated self-efficacy and related factors in newborn resuscitation among healthcare professionals in Chipata District Health facilities. Methodology: This cross-sectional study involved 85 healthcare professionals selected through simple random sampling. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire on self-efficacy for newborn resuscitation, completed after obtaining consent. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 21, employing Pearson chi-square or Fisher’s exact tests. A multivariate binary logistic regression model analyzed associated factors, with significance set at p < 0.05. Results: Overall, 69% of respondents exhibited high self-efficacy in newborn resuscitation. Among females, 88.5% reported low self-efficacy compared to 11.5% of males. High self-efficacy was seen in 83.1% of those trained in the past five years. Additionally, 58.8% demonstrated high knowledge levels. Supervisor support was reported by 56%, but 85.7% of facilities lacked functional resuscitation equipment and supplies. Conclusion: Despite high self-efficacy levels, gaps remain in the provision of newborn resuscitation and professional self-efficacy. Ineffective supervision and lack of resuscitation equipment hindered practice experience and full commitment, especially among female participants.

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Dietary Patterns and Metabolic Syndrome Risk in Adults Living with HIV: A Cross-Sectional Study in Lusaka District, Zambia

Cited by 2 publications

References 31 publications

Prevalence and Incidence of Hypertension and Diabetes Mellitus Among HIV-Infected Individuals Receiving HAART in Chongwe District, Lusaka Province, Zambia

Prevalence and Incidence of Hypertension and Diabetes Mellitus Among HIV-Infected Individuals Receiving HAART in Chongwe District, Lusaka Province, Zambia

Self-Efficacy and Determinants of Newborn Resuscitation Practices among Healthcare Professionals in Chipata District, Eastern Province, Zambia

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