Dietary Patterns and Progression of Impaired Kidney Function in Japanese Adults: A Longitudinal Analysis for the Fukushima Health Management Survey, 2011–2015

Abstract

To investigate associations between dietary patterns and the risk of impaired kidney function, we analyzed data from 14,732 participants (40–89 years) who completed the baseline diet questionnaire of The Fukushima Health Management Survey in 2011. The incidence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) (estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <60 mL/min/1.73 m2 or proteinuria (≥1+ by dipstick test)) and annual changes in eGFR were assessed from 2012 to 2015. Three major dietary patterns were identified. The adjusted cumulative incidence ratio of the highest vs. lowest tertile of a vegetable diet scores was 0.90 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.82, 1.00) for eGFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2, 0.68 (95% CI: 0.52, 0.90) for proteinuria, and 0.88 (95% CI: 0.80, 0.97) for CKD (P for trend = 0.031, 0.007, and 0.005, respectively). The incident risk of CKD in the highest tertile of juice diet scores was 18% higher than the lowest tertile. The odds ratio of the highest vs. lowest tertile of vegetable diet scores was 0.85 (95% CI: 0.75, 0.98) in the rapidly decreasing eGFR group (P for trend = 0.009). We did not observe significant associations for the meat dietary pattern. A Japanese vegetable diet could reduce the risk of developing impaired kidney function and CKD.

Trends in Lifestyle-related Diseases and Their Risk Factors After the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant Accident: Results of the Comprehensive Health Check in the Fukushima Health Management Survey

“… 32 Furthermore, regarding associations between dietary patterns and the risk of lifestyle-related diseases, a Japanese vegetable diet pattern could reduce the risk of developing dyslipidemia and CKD. 33 , 34 …”

Association of plant-based diet and estimated glomerular filtration rate in Iranian Kurdish population: The RaNCD Cohort Study

“…The results of a prospective population-based study indicate a signi cant inverse association between vegetable diet and the risks of renal dysfunction and also a signi cant positive association between juice dietary pattern and eGFR < 60 ml / min / 1.73 m2 or CKD [19]. A study of 432,732 European adults found that high intake vegetables was associated with higher eGFR level [20].…”

“…In contrast, compared to the rst quartile of the PDI, re ned grains, animal fat, meat, egg and sodium intake was decreased signi cantly in the fourth quartile. Previous studies have shown that high carbohydrate intake with energy-dense and nutrient-poor (through acute hyperglycemia) and meat diet are associated with decreased eGFR and impaired renal function [19,25,33]. As well as the high intake of cereal bre and PUFAs have been identi ed as a protective factor in reducing the incidence of CKD [33,34].…”

The Lifelong Health Support 10: a Japanese prescription for a long and healthy life

“…Further, the Hisayama Study showed that vegetable-rich diets were associated with a lower dementia risk [ 105 ], while The SONIC study showed that a plant pattern diet rich in fruits and vegetables was associated with better cognitive functions among Japanese older adults [ 130 ]. Moreover, vegetable intake in the Fukushima Health Management Survey was associated with a lower risk of CKD [ 131 ].…”