Dietary patterns and their association with obesity and sociodemographic factors in a national sample of Lebanese adults

Naja, Farah; Nasreddine, Lara; Itani, Leila; Chamieh, Marie Claire; Adra, Nada; Sibai, Abla Mehio; Hwalla, Nahla

doi:10.1017/s136898001100070x

Cited by 114 publications

(157 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…This corroborates the findings of previous studies reporting females as being more health-conscious and followers of dietary recommendations than males [46,49,58,59]. In a study investigating dietary patterns among a national sample of Lebanese adults, females adhered more to the prudent pattern while males were found to mainly follow the western pattern [46]. Also, in the present study, individuals from low socioeconomic position (having low Bold indicates significance at p < 0.05 education level or not working status) were significantly less likely to adhere to healthy dietary patterns compared to individuals from high socioeconomic position.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…This is because the present study targeted an understudied population, where unmatched design allowed for the exploration of the significance and impact of these socio-demographic factors, before adjusting statistically for their effect. Finally, it remains important to note that, although the FFQ used in the present study was not validated in our study population, it was previously used for the assessment of dietary patterns and their relationship with obesity and the metabolic syndrome and has yielded plausible findings among similar Arabic speaking subjects [46,62]. In addition, the FFQ, used in the present study, was administered by a trained interviewer rather than being self-administered.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…However, these patterns share significant similarities with the Prudent/healthy patterns as they consist of fruits and vegetables, fish and legumes. With the use of dietary pattern analysis becoming more widespread, traditional patterns have been identified for the ethnic or country specific diets, such as the "bean pattern" among women of Chinese or Japanese ancestry [43], the traditional Korean pattern [44], and the traditional Iranian pattern [45] and the traditional Lebanese pattern [46].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dietary patterns and the risk of oral, pharyngeal and laryngeal cancer in Syria: a case control study

et al. 2016

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Background: No study has investigated the relationship between dietary patterns and the risk of oral, pharyngeal and laryngeal cancer in the Middle East and North Africa region. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate the association between dietary patterns and the risk of oral, pharyngeal and laryngeal cancer in Syria. Methods: A hospital-based unmatched case-control study was conducted on 108 cases with histologically confirmed oral, pharyngeal or laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma and 105 healthy controls, who did not suffer from any dietrelated diseases. Dietary intake data were collected by a face-to-face interview, using a food frequency questionnaire. Socio-demographic and health risk behavioural information was collected using a self-completed questionnaire. Factor analysis and logistic and linear regression analyses were performed. The level of significance was set at 5 %. Results: The factor analysis revealed three dietary patterns labeled "Western", "Traditional Syrian" and "High Protein". The results of logistic regression analyses showed that consumption of Western food in the middle and high tertiles posed a significant increased oral, pharyngeal and laryngeal cancer risk of four and three-fold, respectively (adjusted OR = 4.05, 2.80; 95 % CI = 1.57-10.44, 1.05-7.51; P = 0.004, 0.041; respectively). In contrast, consumption of Traditional Syrian in the high tertile and High Protein in the middle and high tertiles displayed significant protective effects in relation to oral, pharyngeal and laryngeal cancer risk (adjusted OR = 0.28, 0.24, 0.10; 95 % CI = 0.10-0.80, 0.10-0.62, 0.03-0.25; P = 0.018, 0.003, <0.001; respectively). Compared to males, females were more likely to adhere to the High Protein dietary pattern. Traditional Syrian pattern's scores decreased with increasing level of education and smoking. High Protein pattern's scores decreased with age and smoking and increased with working status. Conclusions: Traditional Syrian and High Protein dietary patterns were associated with a decreased oral, pharyngeal and laryngeal cancer risk, whereas Western pattern was associated with an increased oral, pharyngeal and laryngeal cancer risk.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dietary patterns and the risk of oral, pharyngeal and laryngeal cancer in Syria: a case control study

et al. 2016

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“…In addition, the use of factor analysis requires several arbitrary assumptions relevant to the selection of food groups, the number of retained factors and their labeling [61]. The food groupings that were adopted in this study were comparable with those performed in previous investigations amongst Lebanese adults [39,40,62] and adolescents [38]. Lastly, in this study, there was no information about a few factors that may also affect overweight/ obesity among children such as maternal pre-pregnancy BMI, gestational weight gain and breastfeeding as well as the level of physical activity of the child [63,64].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

A traditional dietary pattern is associated with lower odds of overweight and obesity among preschool children in Lebanon: a cross-sectional study

et al. 2017

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PurposeThe high burden of preschool overweight in the Middle East and North Africa highlights the need for rigorous investigations of its determinants. This study aims at identifying dietary patterns amongst preschoolers in Lebanon and assessing their association with overweight and obesity.MethodsA national cross-sectional survey was conducted amongst 2–5-year-old children (n = 525). Socio-demographic, dietary, lifestyle and anthropometric variables were collected. Dietary patterns were derived by factor analysis. Overweight/obesity was defined based on the World Health Organization 2006 criteria (BMI-for-age z-score > + 2).ResultsTwo patterns, “Fast Food and Sweets” and “Traditional Lebanese”, were identified. The “Fast Food and Sweets” pattern was characterized by higher consumption of sweetened beverages, fast foods, salty snacks and sweets. The “Traditional Lebanese” was driven by higher intakes of cereals, dairy products, fruits and vegetables. Children belonging to the 3rd tertile of the Traditional pattern scores had significantly lower odds of overweight/obesity compared to the 1st tertile (OR 0.33; 95% CI 0.11, 0.97). Higher maternal education and higher frequency of eating with family predicted adherence to the traditional pattern, while the presence of a household helper was a negative determinant. Adherence to the Fast Food and Sweets pattern was positively associated with the child’s age, and negatively associated with female gender and maternal education.ConclusionsThe “Traditional Lebanese” pattern was associated with decreased risk of preschool overweight. Policies aiming at re-anchoring this traditional dietary pattern in contemporary lifestyles may be developed as potential preventive strategies against overweight in this age group.

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“…This is the first time that IoM recommendations have been based on systematic review of scientific evidence alone, and in this case they were largely based on two commissioned systematic reviews (4,5) . The new recommendations have been criticised for many reasons, e.g.…”

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confidence: 99%

Vitamin D, dietary patterns, and food acquisition

Yngve

Haapala²,

Hodge³

et al. 2011

Public Health Nutr.

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In this issue of Public Health Nutrition is a much anticipated review of the recent literature on vitamin D by Professor Robert Scragg (1). The November 2010 report by the Institute of Medicine (IoM) (2) sparked much controversy over the adequacy of the newly released recommendations for vitamin D intake. In April we published a series of letters critical of the IoM report, followed by a rebuttal in May from the chair of the committee that authored the report. The review by Professor Scragg offers another, balanced perspective on current knowledge of vitamin D's potential effects on chronic diseases and mortality. Other articles in this issue fall primarily into two broad categories: dietary patterns and food acquisition. The use of principal components or factor analysis to empirically characterize dietary patterns was considered esoteric 15 years ago. But its use has increased exponentially over the past decade, as evidenced by the articles in the current issue, which describe dietary patterns among pregnant women in Crete (3) , adults in Lebanon (4) , low-income adults in Brazil (5) and Hispanic women in the USA (6). These articles, international in scope, demonstrate how recognizable and ubiquitous a 'Western' dietary pattern is. Principal components analyses characterize only one dimension of a dietary pattern-common combinations of frequently consumed foods. Other dimensions of dietary patterns should not be neglected, and they are acknowledged in this issue as well: number of meals and snacks among Luo, Kamba and Maasai adults in Kenya (7) ; meals consumed and skipped among children in Norway (8) ; and the context of dietary intake-whether consumed with family or in front of a television (9,10). A second broad category of articles in this issue covers food acquisition. Researchers and practitioners are becoming increasingly aware of the need for valid measures of the food environment, and valid estimates of its association with food procurement and dietary intake. This issue presents several examples of how food environment can be conceptualized-in terms of the number and density of certain types of stores, in terms of various measures of accessibility to food venues, as an immigrant enclave, recognizing the contribution of home gardens and farmers' markets (11-15). Food cost also strongly influences food acquisition decisions, and two articles (16,17) address this under a new topic heading in our journal, on Health Economy. Patterns of food purchasing are also addressed in two other articles (18,19). Given the importance of considering the interaction between individuals and their environment, rather than simply

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Dietary patterns and their association with obesity and sociodemographic factors in a national sample of Lebanese adults

Cited by 114 publications

References 56 publications

Dietary patterns and the risk of oral, pharyngeal and laryngeal cancer in Syria: a case control study

Dietary patterns and the risk of oral, pharyngeal and laryngeal cancer in Syria: a case control study

A traditional dietary pattern is associated with lower odds of overweight and obesity among preschool children in Lebanon: a cross-sectional study

Vitamin D, dietary patterns, and food acquisition

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