Dietary Patterns and Their Association with Depression among Type 2 Diabetes Patients in Gaza Strip, Palestine

Abstract

Background: Depression is a common mental disorder. Globally, more than 340 million people of all ages suffer from depression. The aim of our study was to determine the association between major dietary patterns and depression among type 2 diabetes patients. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 480 type 2 diabetes patients attending primary healthcare centers in Gaza Strip, Palestine. The depression, anxiety, stress scales (DASS, 21-items) questionnaire was used to measure the score of depression. The participants' demographic, socioeconomic and medical history data was collected and the 98-items semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire was used for evaluating the dietary patterns. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 20. Results: Based on depression scale, 29.0% of type 2 diabetes patients had depression, (58.3% females, and 41.7% males). The prevalence of mild, moderate, severe, and very severe depression was 11.7%, 8.5%, 6.7%, and 2.1%, respectively. Furthermore, two major dietary patterns were identified by factor analysis: The Western, and the grains-vegetables, and fruits patterns. After adjusting for the potential confounders, patients in the lowest tertile (T1) of the grains-vegetables, and fruits dietary pattern had a lower odds for depression (OR 0.763 95% CI (0.667-0.871), P value = 0.001); where as a higher odds for healthy (OR 1.443 95% CI (1.131-1.839), P value = 0.004), compared to those in the highest tertile (T3). Conclusion: The grains-vegetables, and fruits dietary pattern may be associated with a lower prevalence of depression, and has been shown to be the healthiest dietary

Underlying diseases, nutritional assessment, viral incidence and HBV immunity status in patients undergoing hemodialysis

“…This result was lower than that reported in some other research projects conducted in China (19%), Belgium (15.5%), Japan (38%), Pakistan (21.3%) and India (23%) (9-13). On the other hand, some research performed in Palestine on severely malnourished diabetic individuals suggests lower prevalence of 9.4% in comparison with our study (14). In a very recent study, malnutrition assessment showed that the prevalence of malnutrition in CKD patients (stage 4 and 5) with diabetes was higher than that in the uncombined group (9).…”

Association of healthy eating index with metabolic syndrome and its components among type 2 diabetes patients in Gaza Strip, Palestine: A cross sectional study

“…However, dietary intakes of Middle-Eastern population have their own characteristics: Large intake of carbohydrates mostly in the form of refined grains, high intakes of trans and saturated fat, and low consumption of fruits and vegetables along with lack of alcohol intake makes their dietary pattern of great interest for the assessment of diet-disease relations [26]. Moreover, different from Western people, stressful life is highly prevalent in this region, which might further complicate diet-disease relations in this area [27]. Therefore, understanding the association between HEI-2010 with MetS and its component may be helpful in reducing disease-related premature mortality and improve outcomes among T2DM patients.…”