Dietary patterns associated with obesity outcomes in adults: an umbrella review of systematic reviews

Seifu, Canaan Negash; Fahey, Paul; Hailemariam, Tewodros Getachew; Frost, Steven A.; Atlantis, Evan

doi:10.1017/s1368980021000823

Cited by 33 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 56 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…One possible mechanism is that the consumption of this diet appears to be a marker of diet diversity. Another explanation is that rice and vegetables are considered to have a protective effect against obesity [ 34 , 35 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trajectories of Dietary Patterns and Their Associations with Overweight/Obesity among Chinese Adults: China Health and Nutrition Survey 1991–2018

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

It is essential to understand the impact of different dietary pattern trajectories on health over time. Therefore, we aimed to explore the long-term trajectories of dietary patterns among Chinese adults and examine the prospective association between different trajectory groups and the risk of overweight/obesity. The sample was 9299 adults aged 18 years or older from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) between 1991 and 2018. We used factor analysis to identify dietary patterns and group-based trajectory modeling to identify dietary pattern trajectories. Three trajectories of a southern pattern and a modern pattern and four trajectories of a meat pattern were identified. Participants who followed the highest initial score and a slight decrease trajectory (OR = 1.63; 95% CI: 1.04, 2.54) of the meat dietary pattern were positively associated with risk of overweight/obesity when compared with the lowest initial score trajectory. The southern dietary pattern and the modern dietary pattern trajectories of participants in Group 2 (OR = 0.64; 95% CI: 0.51, 0.81; OR = 0.76; 95% CI: 0.63, 0.91) and Group 3 (OR = 0.71; 95% CI: 0.54, 0.91; OR = 0.64; 95% CI: 0.44, 0.90) were associated with lower risk of overweight/obesity when compared with Group 1. We observed that dietary pattern trajectories have different associations with overweight/obesity among Chinese adults.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trajectories of Dietary Patterns and Their Associations with Overweight/Obesity among Chinese Adults: China Health and Nutrition Survey 1991–2018

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Unhealthy diet pattern has been associated with an increased risk of weight gain [44] or obesity [45,46]. By contrast, our recently published umbrella review of 16 systematic reviews showed that high adherence to the MDS was consistently associated with a decreased risk of obesity [12]. Previous research has shown that the nutrient-rich low-energy composition of the diet pattern defined using a high MDS [47] was associated with preventing weight gain in the long term [48].…”

Section: Main Findingmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Lower quintiles are indicative of individuals living in areas with higher levels of disadvantage. For the MDS, we followed the method proposed by Tricopoulou et al [24], since it was one of the most common one reported in the published literature to assess adherence to the Mediterranean diet [12]. A value of 0 or 1 was given to nine components according to sex-specific medians.…”

Section: Predictorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Unhealthy diet patterns are typically associated with high energy intake specifically from energy dense and nutrient poor foods [11]. A recently published umbrella review showed that higher adherence to the Mediterranean Diet Score (MDS) was consistently associated with a decreased risk of weight gain or obesity in adult populations [12]. Thus, a healthy diet pattern, such as the Mediterranean diet (mainly consisting of fruits, vegetables, cereals and fish, olive oil, and a moderate amount of red wine), may help prevent weight gain [13,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Unhealthy Diet Pattern Mediates the Disproportionate Prevalence of Obesity among Adults with Socio-Economic Disadvantage: An Australian Representative Cross-Sectional Study

2021

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The role of unhealthy dietary pattern in the association between socio-economic factors and obesity is unclear. The aim was to examine the association between socio-economic disadvantage and obesity and to assess mediation effect of unhealthy dietary pattern defined using the Mediterranean diet criteria. The data source was the Australian National Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey. The study sample included 7744 participants aged 18 years and over, 28% of whom had obesity. We used the Australian Socio-Economic Indexes for Areas (SEIFA) classification system for categorizing socio-economic disadvantage; calculated the Mediterranean Diet Score (MDS) using standard criteria; and used measured body mass index to define obesity. We conducted a mediation analysis using log–binomial models to generate the prevalence ratio for obesity and the proportion mediated by the MDS. The most disadvantaged group was associated with higher level of obesity after controlling for covariates (1.40, 95% CI 1.25, 1.56) compared to the least disadvantaged group, and in a dose–response way for each decreasing SEIFA quintile. The relationship between socio-economic disadvantage and obesity was mediated by the MDS (4.0%, 95% CI 1.9, 8.0). Public health interventions should promote healthy dietary patterns, such as the Mediterranean diet, to reduce obesity, especially in communities with high socio-economic disadvantage.

show abstract

“…There is now a large body of evidence from over 20 systematic reviews and meta-analyses [ 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 ], published since 2000, of observational and intervention studies assessing diet and physical activity (PA) components associated with weight gain. These report that increased intake of diets characterized by high energy-dense discretionary foods and beverages are associated with weight gain [ 11 , 14 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 21 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 30 ] and limited consumption of discretionary foods and beverages, higher consumption of core foods (e.g., fruit, vegetables, whole grain or dietary fiber) and higher diet quality are associated with reduced weight gain in the adult population [ 10 , 12 , 13 , 15 , 16 , 20 , 22 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 31 ]. Evidence also consistently reports that moderate-to-vigorous intensity PA (≥150 min/week) is associated with lower weight gain [ 32 , 33 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relationship of Diet and Physical Activity with Weight Gain and Weight Gain Prevention in Women of Reproductive Age

Awoke

Skouteris

Makama

et al. 2021

JCM

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Reproductive-age women often see increased weight gain, which carries an increased risk of long-term overweight and obesity and adverse maternal and child health outcomes. Supporting women to achieve optimal weight through lifestyle modification (diet and physical activity) is of critical importance to reduce weight gain across key reproductive life-stages (preconception, pregnancy and postpartum). This review comprehensively summarizes the current state of knowledge on the contribution of diet and physical activity to weight gain and weight gain prevention in reproductive-aged women. Suboptimal diets including a higher proportion of discretionary choices or energy intake from fats, added sugars, sweets or processed foods are associated with higher weight gain, whereas increased consumption of core foods including fruits, vegetables and whole grains and engaging in regular physical activity are associated with reduced weight gain in reproductive age women. Diet and physical activity contributing to excessive gestational weight gain are well documented. However, there is limited research assessing diet and physical activity components associated with weight gain during the preconception and postpartum period. This review highlights the need for further research to identify key dietary and physical activity components targeting the critical windows of reproductive life-stages in women to best guide interventions to prevent weight gain.

show abstract

Dietary patterns associated with obesity outcomes in adults: an umbrella review of systematic reviews

Cited by 33 publications

References 56 publications

Trajectories of Dietary Patterns and Their Associations with Overweight/Obesity among Chinese Adults: China Health and Nutrition Survey 1991–2018

Trajectories of Dietary Patterns and Their Associations with Overweight/Obesity among Chinese Adults: China Health and Nutrition Survey 1991–2018

Unhealthy Diet Pattern Mediates the Disproportionate Prevalence of Obesity among Adults with Socio-Economic Disadvantage: An Australian Representative Cross-Sectional Study

The Relationship of Diet and Physical Activity with Weight Gain and Weight Gain Prevention in Women of Reproductive Age

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About