Dietary Patterns in Colombia: An Exploratory and Confirmatory Factor Analysis

Abstract

This study aimed to construct and validate dietary patterns in Colombian individuals aged between 15 and 64 years. The study sample consisted of 16,216 individuals who participated in the 2015 National Survey on the Nutritional Situation of Colombia (ENSIN). To identify dietary patterns, an exploratory analysis was first conducted with 16 food groups with 70% of the study sample, followed by a confirmatory analysis with the remaining 30%. Four eating patterns were identified, referred to as traditional, industrialized, conservative, and grilled foods/drinks. The traditional pattern presented the highest variance (17.65%), followed by the industrialized (14.36%), conservative (10.74%), and grilled foods/drinks (7.57%) patterns. Regarding the frequency of food consumption, the preference for the consumption of rice/pasta and panela/sugar/honey was evident. In contrast, low consumption of whole foods, energizers, light foods, supplements, and salt was observed. The dietary patterns in Colombia continue to be characterized by a high consumption of panela/sugar/honey and low consumption of fruits/vegetables, which is why the development of public health interventions to improve these habits, such as health promotion and chronic disease prevention tools, is considered necessary.

Association between Cervical Cancer and Dietary Patterns in Colombia

“…The conservative pattern referred to individuals who based their diet on the group of vegetables, fruits, light foods, supplements, and whole foods. Finally, the beverages/grilled foods pattern was made up of the group of energy drinks, alcohol, and grilled foods [15]. To introduce the patterns into the statistical models, it was necessary to generate a new dichotomous dependent variable for each one, through the binomial distribution, as follows: those presenting some degree of consumption of the corresponding pattern were categorized as 1, while those who did not report any level of consumption of the pattern were categorized as 0.…”

South‐to‐South parental migration patterns and excess weight among children: Insights from a national cross‐sectional study in Colombia

“…over 2 h per day) affects 70% of children and adolescents in upper‐income households in urban areas, compared to 50% in rural areas 6 . Given the trends in sedentary behaviours and diets that are increasingly energy‐dense but nutrient‐poor, 8 Colombia has experienced surges in excess weight (combined overweight and obesity) among children and adolescents at the population level 4 . For example, between 2010 and 2015, the prevalence of excess weight among children in Colombia aged 5–12 years increased from 18.8% to 24%, and among adolescents aged 13–17 years, the prevalence of excess weight increased from 15.5% to 17.9% 7…”

Metabolically Unhealthy Normal Weight: Prevalence and Associated Factors in an Adult Population from Northwest Colombia

“…12 Moreover, diet habits are inclined toward hypercaloric meals according to a 2015 ENSIN survey analysis. 13 This increase might increase the chance of finding metabolic alterations either in normal or excess weight status. Therefore, we conducted a study to estimate the prevalence of MUNW and other weight status phenotypes and evaluate potential associated factors in a population attending a prevention and monitoring program of chronic diseases in Medellin, Colombia.…”