Dietary Polyphenols in Metabolic and Neurodegenerative Diseases: Molecular Targets in Autophagy and Biological Effects

Bocanegra, Aránzazu; Palomino, O.M.; Benito, Manuel; Guillén, Carlos

doi:10.3390/antiox10020142

Cited by 37 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 183 publications

(211 reference statements)

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“…The potential benefits of LMWPM in neurodegenerative disease processes have been shown in several brain cell lines, as reviewed in [ 54 , 55 ]. These cell lines have proven crucial to study some mechanisms behind the effects of LMWPM.…”

Section: Models For Studying Neurodegenerative Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overview of Beneficial Effects of (Poly)phenol Metabolites in the Context of Neurodegenerative Diseases on Model Organisms

et al. 2021

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The rise of neurodegenerative diseases in an aging population is an increasing problem of health, social and economic consequences. Epidemiological and intervention studies have demonstrated that diets rich in (poly)phenols can have potent health benefits on cognitive decline and neurodegenerative diseases. Meanwhile, the role of gut microbiota is ever more evident in modulating the catabolism of (poly)phenols to dozens of low molecular weight (poly)phenol metabolites that have been identified in plasma and urine. These metabolites can reach circulation in higher concentrations than parent (poly)phenols and persist for longer periods of time. However, studies addressing their potential brain effects are still lacking. In this review, we will discuss different model organisms that have been used to study how low molecular weight (poly)phenol metabolites affect neuronal related mechanisms gathering critical insight on their potential to tackle the major hallmarks of neurodegeneration.

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Section: Models For Studying Neurodegenerative Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overview of Beneficial Effects of (Poly)phenol Metabolites in the Context of Neurodegenerative Diseases on Model Organisms

et al. 2021

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“…Some of them may also permeate the BBB. Moreover, polyphenols may exert antioxidant effects and lower enhanced reactive oxygen species levels in the brain [ 27 , 220 , 250 ]. In addition, they can stimulate SCFA production by the gut microbiota [ 251 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Medicinal Plants and Their Impact on the Gut Microbiome in Mental Health: A Systematic Review

et al. 2022

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Background: Various neurocognitive and mental health-related conditions have been associated with the gut microbiome, implicating a microbiome–gut–brain axis (MGBA). The aim of this systematic review was to identify, categorize, and review clinical evidence supporting medicinal plants for the treatment of mental disorders and studies on their interactions with the gut microbiota. Methods: This review included medicinal plants for which clinical studies on depression, sleeping disorders, anxiety, or cognitive dysfunction as well as scientific evidence of interaction with the gut microbiome were available. The studies were reported using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. Results: Eighty-five studies met the inclusion criteria and covered thirty mental health-related medicinal plants with data on interaction with the gut microbiome. Conclusion: Only a few studies have been specifically designed to assess how herbal preparations affect MGBA-related targets or pathways. However, many studies provide hints of a possible interaction with the MGBA, such as an increased abundance of health-beneficial microorganisms, anti-inflammatory effects, or MGBA-related pathway effects by gut microbial metabolites. Data for Panax ginseng, Schisandra chinensis, and Salvia rosmarinus indicate that the interaction of their constituents with the gut microbiota could mediate mental health benefits. Studies specifically assessing the effects on MGBA-related pathways are still required for most medicinal plants.

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“…Activated mTORC1, acting as an autophagy blocker, phosphorylates Unc-51-like protein kinase 1(ULK-1) and preventing ULK1 activation by AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)(26). Inhibition of ULK1 complex could prevent formation of autophagic lysosomes (27). Therefore, the phosphorylation of mTORC1 could determine the degree of autophagy induction.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genistein Mitigates High Glucose-Induced Podocyte Adhesion Injury by Modulating Autophagy via Mtor Signal

Lian

Tian

Cao

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Purpose: The study aimed to investigate the characteristics of autophagy on podocyte under high glucose (HG) conditions and further explore the effect of Genistein on podocyte autophagy，adhesion and the potential mechanism.Materials and methods: CCK-8 was used to detect the viability of podocyte. The level of autophagy was mainly detected by western blot and immunofluorescence. The expression of autophagy related factors and podocyte adhesion markers, including LC3-II, p62, p-mTOR and integrin β1-MF, were detected by immunofluorescence at 0，6，12，24，36，48，72h. The expression levels of proteins in the LC3-II, p62, p-mTOR/mTOR, integrin β1-MF were further investigated by western blot. Wound healing test and cell migration assay were used to detect podocyte adhesion ability.Results: The present study showed that HG-induced podocyte viability was reduced significantly for 6 h. Decreased integrin β1-MF, LC3-II, increased p62 and abnormal activation of the mTOR signal was detected in podocyte under HG conditions. Genistein restored podocyte viability and up-regulated integrin β1-MF, LC3-II expression, down-regulated p62, p-mTOR expression. Moreover, the HG-induced podocyte adhesion injury was abrogated by treatment with Genistein.Conclusion：Our results demonstrated that podocyte adhesion injury in HG environment was related to the decrease of autophagy level. Genistein activated podocyte autophagy by inhibiting the mTOR signaling pathway, regulated the renewal expression of integrin β1-MF, and finally reduced HG-induced podocyte adhesion injury.

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Dietary Polyphenols in Metabolic and Neurodegenerative Diseases: Molecular Targets in Autophagy and Biological Effects

Cited by 37 publications

References 183 publications

Overview of Beneficial Effects of (Poly)phenol Metabolites in the Context of Neurodegenerative Diseases on Model Organisms

Overview of Beneficial Effects of (Poly)phenol Metabolites in the Context of Neurodegenerative Diseases on Model Organisms

Medicinal Plants and Their Impact on the Gut Microbiome in Mental Health: A Systematic Review

Genistein Mitigates High Glucose-Induced Podocyte Adhesion Injury by Modulating Autophagy via Mtor Signal

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