Dietary polyunsaturated fatty acid regulation of gene transcription

Jump, Donald Β.; Clarke, Steven D.; Thelen, Annette; Liimatta, Marya; Ren, Bing; Badin, Maria V.

doi:10.1016/s0163-7827(96)00007-0

Cited by 121 publications

(126 citation statements)

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“…These data are supportive of our finding that carbohydrate stimulation and PUFA suppression are mediated by a common molecule, SREBP-1. In contrast, promoter analyses of the Spot 14 gene previously revealed that the PUFA-regulatory region was located separately from the region for dietary carbohydrate and insulin responses (5).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…This anti-lipogenic action of PUFA reflects decreases in mRNA levels of hepatic enzymes including ACC, FAS, stearoyl-CoA desaturase, ATP citrate lyase, malic enzyme, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, and PK. The regulation by PUFA has been shown to be primarily at the transcriptional level; however, the precise mechanism for this action remains unknown (5)(6)(7).…”

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confidence: 99%

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A Crucial Role of Sterol Regulatory Element-binding Protein-1 in the Regulation of Lipogenic Gene Expression by Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids

Yahagi

Shimano

Hasty³

et al. 1999

Journal of Biological Chemistry

324

231

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The liver, the principal lipogenic organ, is responsible for the conversion of excess dietary carbohydrates to triglycerides. A high carbohydrate diet induces the synthesis of several lipogenic and glycolytic enzymes including acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), 1 fatty acid synthase (FAS), stearoyl-CoA desaturase, ATP citrate lyase, malic enzyme, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, and pyruvate kinase (PK) (1-3). This coordinate induction of enzymes is due to increased mRNA levels, resulting primarily from the accelerated transcription.Dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) have been well established as negative regulators of hepatic lipogenesis. Allmann and Gibson (4) discovered that adding 2% linoleate to a high carbohydrate fat-free diet suppressed the rate of hepatic fatty acid biosynthesis and the activities of FAS and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase by nearly 70% in mice. In contrast, supplementing the high carbohydrate diet with palmitate, oleate, or cholesterol had no effect on hepatic lipogenesis or the activity of lipogenic enzymes. Since then, several investigators have demonstrated that dietary PUFA of the n-6 and n-3 families suppress hepatic lipogenesis. This anti-lipogenic action of PUFA reflects decreases in mRNA levels of hepatic enzymes including ACC, FAS, stearoyl-CoA desaturase, ATP citrate lyase, malic enzyme, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, and PK. The regulation by PUFA has been shown to be primarily at the transcriptional level; however, the precise mechanism for this action remains unknown (5-7).Sterol regulatory element-binding proteins (SREBPs) are transcription factors that belong to the basic helix-loop-helixleucine zipper family and regulate enzymes responsible for the synthesis of cholesterol, fatty acids, and triglycerides (8). Unlike other members of the basic helix-loop-helix-leucine zipper family, SREBPs are synthesized as precursors bound to the endoplasmic reticulum and nuclear envelope. Upon activation, SREBPs are released from the membrane into the nucleus as a mature protein by a sequential two-step cleavage process. To date, three SREBP isoforms, SREBP-1a, -1c and -2, have been identified and characterized. The predominant SREBP-1 isoform in the liver is SREBP-1c. Whereas SREBP-2 is relatively selective in transcriptionally activating cholesterol biosynthetic genes, SREBP-1c has a greater role in regulating fatty acid synthesis than cholesterol synthesis in the liver (9 -11, 30).The role of SREBP-1 for the regulation of hepatic lipogenesis has been recently established. Changes in hepatic mature SREBP-1c protein levels were shown to parallel those of mRNAs for lipogenic genes in the liver using a dietary manipulation and a transgenic technology (12). Moreover, SREBP-1 has been demonstrated to be crucial for the carbohydrate stimulation of lipogenic genes in mice with a targeted disruption of SREBP-1 (30).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Crucial Role of Sterol Regulatory Element-binding Protein-1 in the Regulation of Lipogenic Gene Expression by Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids

Yahagi

Shimano

Hasty³

et al. 1999

Journal of Biological Chemistry

324

231

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“…DHA is especially important in the development of the brain, the retina and the spermatozoids [9]. Other actions of DHA include the formation of free radicals in response to oxidative stress [10], transcriptional activation of genes [11] and the prevention of apoptosis [12]. Impaired PUFA status is observed in numerous physiological state and chronic diseases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alteration of polyunsaturated fatty acid status and metabolism in health and disease

Zamaria¹

2004

Reprod. Nutr. Dev.

120

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-Essential polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) cannot be synthesised in the body and must be ingested by food. A balanced intake of both n-6 and n-3 PUFA is essential for good health. PUFA are the basic constituents of phospholipid membranes and determine cellular membrane fluidity and modulate enzyme activities, carriers and membrane receptors. They are also precursors of active metabolites known collectively as eicosanoids (prostaglandins, prostacyclins, thromboxanes and leukotrienes) which regulate our cellular functions. Studies indicate that n-3 PUFA have anti-inflammatory, antithrombotic, antiarrhythmic actions and immuno-modulating properties. Erythrocyte fatty acid status is a reflection of dietary fat intake. It also explores PUFA metabolism and gives information about the integration of these fatty acids into cellular membranes. Thus, erythrocyte fatty acid analysis can detect PUFA insufficiencies and imbalances from the diet, but also metabolic abnormalities and lipid peroxidation. It can be helpful in the prevention and the control of chronic diseases in which PUFA alterations have been observed as coronary heart diseases, hypertension, cancer, diabetes, inflammatory and auto-immune disorders, atopic eczema, Alzheimer dementia, major depression, schizophrenia, multiple sclerosis, etc.essential fatty acids / erythrocytes / metabolism / chronic diseases

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“…Most of these enzymes are regulated either at transcriptional or at post-transcriptional steps. FAS [3,6], ACC [3,4] and stearoyl-CoA desaturase [7] are dietary regulated at transcriptional level, whereas PUFA regulation of malic enzyme occurs by changes in mRNA stability [3] and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase is controlled by a posttranscriptional mechanism [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Different dietary fatty acids have dissimilar effects on activity and gene expression of mitochondrial tricarboxylate carrier in rat liver

et al. 2004

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The tricarboxylate carrier (TCC), an integral protein of the mitochondrial inner membrane, transports mitochondrial acetyl-CoA into the cytosol, where lipogenesis occurs. We investigated in rat liver mitochondria the effect of diets enriched with saturated fatty acids (beef tallow, BT), monounsaturated fatty acids (olive oil, OO) or n À 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (fish oil, FO), respectively, on the activity and expression of TCC. TCC activity decreased, in parallel with TCC mRNA abundance, only upon FO-feeding. The TCC transcription rate, mRNA turnover and RNA processing indicated that FO administration regulates TCC gene at transcriptional and post-transcriptional steps, whereas BT-and OO-feeding do not seem to affect either TCC activity or gene expression.

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Dietary polyunsaturated fatty acid regulation of gene transcription

Cited by 121 publications

References 122 publications

A Crucial Role of Sterol Regulatory Element-binding Protein-1 in the Regulation of Lipogenic Gene Expression by Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids

A Crucial Role of Sterol Regulatory Element-binding Protein-1 in the Regulation of Lipogenic Gene Expression by Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids

Alteration of polyunsaturated fatty acid status and metabolism in health and disease

Different dietary fatty acids have dissimilar effects on activity and gene expression of mitochondrial tricarboxylate carrier in rat liver

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