Dietary polyvinyl alcohol and alginate nanofibers ameliorate hyperglycemia by reducing insulin and glucose-metabolizing enzyme levels in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes

Abstract

Background and Aim: Dietary management and antidiabetic drugs are used as therapies for diabetic patients worldwide. Alginate nanofibers were developed as a digestible food product that provides sufficient calories. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and alginate nanofibers on weight gain, blood glucose levels, and insulin and other serum parameters in diabetic rats. Materials and Methods: A total of 24 male Wistar rats were divided into six groups: (C–) Control group, (C+) diabetic rats, (T1) diabetic rats + fasting treatment for 12 h, (T2) diabetic rats + nanofibers ad libitum, (T3) diabetic rats + metformin + nanofibers ad libitum, and (T4) diabetic rats + metformin. All groups were treated for 21 days. Weight gain was evaluated by comparing initial and final weights. Blood glucose levels were evaluated weekly. Serum parameters were also evaluated at the end of the study. All variables were analyzed statistically using analysis of variance followed by Tukey's post hoc test (p<0.05). Results: The T2, T3, and T4 groups showed a significant increase in weight compared to that of the C+ and T1 groups. The T3 group had the lowest blood glucose level of all groups at the end of the study. In the serum evaluation, the T2 and T3 groups showed a significant decrease compared to the C+ group for the following variables: Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), creatinine, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β). In contrast, the T2 group showed a significant decrease compared to the T3 group for aspartate aminotransferase and insulin levels. Conclusion: PVA and alginate nanofibers can modulate obesity, reduce blood glucose levels, and reduce serum levels of insulin, ALT, ALP, GGT, creatinine, TNF-α, and IL-1β in diabetic rats.

Amino Acid and Proximate Analysis of Type-1 Collagen from Sea Cucumber and Tilapia-Skin and its Potential Application as Artificial Tendon

“…Tissue engineering has proven that scaffold-based cell construction can improve the tendon healing process. 2 Previous studies have shown better histological figures and biomechanical function in tendon defects filled with scaffold and powder coated mesenchymal stem cells taken from bone marrow compared to scaffolds without mesenchymal stem cells. 3 Tendons have several variations and shapes and consist of both intracellular and extracellular matrix components.…”

Efficacy of Oregano Extract Ointment on Fibroblast Cells and Epidermis in Albino Rats with Excisional Wound Model

“…This study showed that the T2 group experienced a faster final proliferation phase so the administration of Oregano extract ointment with a 6% concentration was the most effective result in the wound healing process. The final stage of proliferation towards maturation is marked by a decrease in the number of fibroblast cells which regenerate into fibrocyte cells, then the fibroblasts will secrete collagen and form granulation tissue until the wound surface closes (Prestiyanti, 2021;Suryadiningrat et al, 2021). Tannins inhibit the attachment of bacteria to the surface of skin wounds.…”

Dietary Fiber and Its Potential Role in Obesity: A Focus on Modulating the Gut Microbiota

“…Conversely, a higher water-holding capacity promotes more thorough defecation, while higher viscosity reduces cholesterol absorption by the small intestine . Alginate nanofibers have been shown to improve obesity and hyperglycemia by alleviating insulin resistance and reducing serum ALT, ALP, GGT, creatinine, TNF-α, and IL-1β content . Similarly, ultrasonic treatment of insoluble dietary fiber derived from garlic straw enhances its cholesterol-binding capacity (58.2%) and oil-holding properties (17.9%), showing potential benefits in reducing the risk of obesity and angiography .…”

“…191 Alginate nanofibers have been shown to improve obesity and hyperglycemia by alleviating insulin resistance and reducing serum ALT, ALP, GGT, creatinine, TNF-α, and IL-1β content. 192 Similarly, ultrasonic treatment of insoluble dietary fiber derived from garlic straw enhances its cholesterol-binding capacity (58.2%) and oil-holding properties (17.9%), showing potential benefits in reducing the risk of obesity and angiography. 193 Overall, the reasonable application of a physical modification approach for improving the biological activity of dietary fiber is encouraging.…”