Dietary Poultry Fat and Gastrointestinal Transit Time of Feed and Fat Utilization in Broiler Chickens

Golian, Abolghasem; Maurice, D. V.

doi:10.3382/ps.0711357

Cited by 48 publications

(25 citation statements)

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“…Era esperado que a adição de óleo de soja promovesse maior tempo de retenção do alimento no sistema digestório, pois, segundo Swenson & Reece (1996), a gordura dietética estimula a liberação do hormônio colicistoquinina, que diminui a velocidade de esvaziamento do sistema digestório, no entanto, reduziu linearmente o tempo de trânsito, contrariando os resultados observados por Rao & Clandinin (1970), Mateos & Sell (1981) e Mateos et al (1982). Em contrapartida, estudos de Tuckey et al (1958), Golian & Polin (1984) e Golian & Maurice (1992) não mostraram qualquer evidência de que a adição de gordura aumenta o tempo de trânsito do alimento em frangos de corte.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

“…Com relação à idade das aves, os resultados relativos à diferença encontrada no tempo de trânsito são concordantes daqueles observados por Golian & Maurice (1992), que encontraram correlação positiva do TT com a idade. Segundo esses autores, há um patamar baixo (171 minutos), passando para um mais alto (221 minutos), de quatro para seis semanas, apresentando ponto de inflexão aos 22 dias de idade.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

“…Parte dessa melhora também tem sido atribuída ao fato de as gorduras aumentarem o tempo de trânsito do alimento pelo sistema digestório, levando alguns pesquisadores a sugerirem esse efeito redutivo na taxa de passagem como a resposta para seus efeitos extracalóricos (Gomez & Polin, 1974;Sibbald & Kramer, 1978;Mateos & Sell, 1981). Por outro lado, relata-se que a suplementação com óleo de soja pode diminuir a gordura corporal em frangos de corte (Keren-zvi et al, 1990), provavelmente em razão da redução da lipogênese no fígado (Tanaka et al, 1983a,b).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Tempo de trânsito intestinal, desempenho, característica de carcaça e composição corporal de frangos de corte alimentados com rações isoenergéticas formuladas com diferentes níveis de óleo de soja

et al. 2004

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RESUMO -Este estudo foi conduzido para avaliar o efeito da inclusão de 0,0; 3,3; 6,6 e 9,9% de óleo de soja em rações isoenergéticas sobre o tempo de trânsito (TT), desempenho, características de carcaça e composição corporal de frangos de Intestinal Transit Time, Performance, Carcass Characteristics and Body Composition in Broilers Fed Isoenergy Diets Formulated with Different Levels of Soybean OilABSTRACT -This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of 0.0, 3.3, 6.6, and 9.9% soybean oil inclusion in isoenergy diets on transit time (TT), performance, carcass characteristics and body composition of broilers from 21 to 56 days of age. The TT was determined at 22 and 42 days of age. Eight hundred and fourty broilers, with initial average weight of 870 g, allotted to a completely randomized design, with four treatments, six replications and 35 broilers per experimental unit, were used in the performance experiment. The TT was reduced linearly at 22 and 42 days of age. From 21 to 42 days, the levels of soybean oil showed a quadratic effect on weight gain, feed:gain ratio, energy:gain ratio and a linear effect on feed intake and energy intake. In the total period, it was observed a positive linear effect of soybean oil on weight gain, energy intake and feed intake and a quadratic effect on feed:gain and energy:gain. Abdominal fat was quadractly influenced at 42 and 56 days of age. However, carcass yield was quadractly influenced only at 56 days of age. Total body fat was positively influenced by age at 56 days and ash decreased at the same age.

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Section: Resultsunclassified

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Tempo de trânsito intestinal, desempenho, característica de carcaça e composição corporal de frangos de corte alimentados com rações isoenergéticas formuladas com diferentes níveis de óleo de soja

et al. 2004

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“…Experimental results showed that the consumption of Ca-PFA had the physiological effect on digestive system and increased metabolism of the chickens. According to Gollian and Maurice (1992) cited by Zulkifli (2007), the high metabolism required constantly food availability, it is believed that fat content in diet slow the passage rate of the diet in the intestine, resulting in longer nutrient absorbtion time. Table 2 presents the effect inclusion of Ca-PFA on final body weight.…”

Section: Growth Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

EFFECT OF INCLUSION CALCIUM-PALM FATTY ACID (Ca-PFA) ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE AND PROFILE OF BODY FATTY ACID OF BROILER

Dewi

Astawa

Sumadi

2011

J. Indonesian Trop. Anim. Agric.

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A study of effect of inclusion of calcium-palm fatty acid (Ca-PFA) in the diets on growth performance and profile of body fatty acid has been conducted for 4 weeks in broiler. A total of 160 birds were used in present experiment which was arranged in a Completely Randomized Design with 4 treatments and 5 replications (8 birds each). Dietary inclusions of Ca-PFA of 0, 5, 10 and 15% were reflected as R0, R1, R2 and R3, respectively. Results of the experiment showed that growth performance based on the feed consumption significantly decreased (p<0.05), but there were no significant (p>0.05) effect for final body weight, carcass percentage and carcass composition. The inclusion of Ca-PFA in the diet was not affected the saturated fatty acid (p>0.05), but showed significant effect on unsaturated fatty acid and omega-3 fatty acid (p<0.05). Body fat distribution was not affected by inclusion level of Ca-PFA at a level of 15%. In conclusion, the inclusion of Ca-PFA in the diet until 15% decreased feed consumption and produced similar growth performance, however it increased unsaturated fatty acid, omega-3 fatty acids and decreased body fat of broiler.

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“…Lastly, it can also be hypothesized that increased intestinal length and weight affects transit time of the digesta through the gut. However, in young broiler chickens (7 to 42 d of age), the transit time was not affected by dietary fat inclusion up to 20% (Golian and Maurice, 1992). Therefore, it seems unlikely that increased intestinal length and weight affect transit time through the gut.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

First week nutrition for broiler chickens : effects on growth, metabolic status, organ development, and carcass composition

Lamot¹

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During the first week of life, broiler chickens undergo various developmental changes that are already initiated during incubation. Ongoing development of organs such as the gastrointestinal tract and the immune system may affect the nutritional requirements during this age period. Despite the residual yolk that is available at hatch and that may provide nutritional support during the first days after hatch, the growth performance may be affected by the time in between hatch and first feed intake. Furthermore, it remains largely unknown to what extend nutritional composition of a pre-starter diet, as well as feed availability directly after hatch have an effect on physiological development directly after hatch, but also at later age. The aim of this thesis was to determine the impact of feed availability and feed composition provided during the first week of life on short-term physiological development, as well as potential long-term effects on growth performance of broiler chickens. Especially early hatched chickens were suggested to benefit more from direct feed access compared to midterm and late hatched chickens, as they tended to have a higher body weight gain during the first week after hatch. A delay in feed access for 48 h resulted in lowered body weight gain and feed intake when compared to direct feed access, but so did a short (13 to 26 h) delay in feed access after hatch. In the latter case, delayed feed access resulted in a lower weight to length ratio of the jejunum and ileum at 4 d of age compared with chickens with direct feed access. Although delayed feed access after hatch resulted in lower body weight gain during the first week after hatch and thereafter, it can be discussed whether this is truly an impairment of long-term growth or just a delayed onset of growth. With respect to feed composition, the inclusion of fish oil and medium chain fatty acids in a pre-starter diet had minor effects on humoral immune function. Inclusion of medium chain fatty acids did result in higher body weight gain and lowered feed efficiency during the first week of life, but only during the period it was provided. Feeding increased diet densities during the first week of life, obtained by formulating diets with different dietary fat levels, resulted in an increased gain to feed ratio, whereas body weight gain and feed intake decreased. Despite the shift in dietary energy supply from carbohydrates to fat and the perceived lower fat digestibility in young broiler chickens, nitrogen metabolizability and fat digestibility were not affected in the current study by feeding increased diet densities. The relative crop, liver and pancreas weights decreased when feeding increased diet densities, whereas the length of the entire intestinal tract increased. This suggests that broiler chickens repartition visceral organ development in response to feeding more concentrated diets during the first week of life. Interestingly, protein and fat accretion were not affected. Continued feeding of increased diet densities after ...

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Dietary Poultry Fat and Gastrointestinal Transit Time of Feed and Fat Utilization in Broiler Chickens

Cited by 48 publications

References 32 publications

Tempo de trânsito intestinal, desempenho, característica de carcaça e composição corporal de frangos de corte alimentados com rações isoenergéticas formuladas com diferentes níveis de óleo de soja

Tempo de trânsito intestinal, desempenho, característica de carcaça e composição corporal de frangos de corte alimentados com rações isoenergéticas formuladas com diferentes níveis de óleo de soja

EFFECT OF INCLUSION CALCIUM-PALM FATTY ACID (Ca-PFA) ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE AND PROFILE OF BODY FATTY ACID OF BROILER

First week nutrition for broiler chickens : effects on growth, metabolic status, organ development, and carcass composition

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