Dietary practices and associated factors during pregnancy in northwestern Ethiopia

Abstract

BackgroundPregnancy is the most crucial nutritionally demanding period of every woman’s life. The high demand of nutrients to deposit energy in the form of new tissue, growth of existing maternal tissues such as breast and uterus and increased energy requirements for tissue synthesis makes pregnant women more vulnerable to malnutrition. Dietary practice is defined as an observable actions or behavior of dietary habit and can be classified as good dietary practices and poor dietary practices. The incidence of dietary inadequacies as a result of dietary habits and patterns in pregnancy is higher during pregnancy when compared to any other stage of the life cycle. Thus, this study aimed to assess dietary practices and associated factors during pregnancy in Bahir Dar town, Northwest Ethiopia.MethodsA community based cross sectional study was conducted from March 1 to April 1, 2016. A total of 616 pregnant women were participated in the study. All eligible pregnant women were identified through house-to-house visit with the help of health extension workers. Cluster sampling was used to select eligible pregnant women. The data were collected using interviewer administered questionnaire prepared in English and translated in to Amharic. Data were analyzed by using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was employed to identify factors associated with dietary practices.ResultThis study has shown that 39.3% of the study participants had good dietary practices and the rest 60.7% of pregnant women reported poor dietary practices. Concerning dietary knowledge, 61.4% of the study participants had good dietary knowledge while 38.6% had poor dietary knowledge. Husband income, ownership of radio, history of disease and dietary knowledge were shown to have significant association (P < 0.05) with dietary practices.ConclusionDietary practices of pregnant women in the study area was suboptimal. Husband income, ownership of radio, history of disease and dietary knowledge were independent predictors of women dietary practices. Awareness should be created among pregnant women by concerned bodies such as governmental and non-governmental organization through local mass media.

Productive Safety Net Program and Dietary Practice Among Pregnant Women in Kacha Birra District, Southwest Ethiopia: Comparative Cross-Sectional Study

“…For assessing the dietary practice, ten questions were used and each question was given one mark if the answer was correct and zero score was given if the response was wrong [2,15]. The score was obtained by summation of responses of each question and converted to percentage, then if the respondent answered less than 75% of the ten questions classi ed as poor dietary practice.…”

“…The score was obtained by summation of responses of each question and converted to percentage, then if the respondent answered less than 75% of the ten questions classi ed as poor dietary practice. Also for assessing dietary knowledge of the respondents, ten questions were used and each question was given one mark if the answer was correct and zero score was given if the response was wrong [2]. The score was obtained by summation of responses of each question and converted to percentage and then classi ed as poor dietary knowledge if the respondent answered less than 70%.…”

“…Pregnancy is a state associated with many physiological changes like: increased plasma volume, formation of new fetal tissue, growth of existing maternal tissues and deposit of energy in different tissues of the body. It is associated with increased demand of both macro and micronutrients that makes pregnant women highly vulnerable for malnutrition [1][2][3].…”

“…Previous community based studies conducted in Ethiopia showed that, the proportion of good dietary practice ranges from 26.9-40.1% [2,15,17,18], for which, sociodemographic and economic factors [17], dietary knowledge [15], attitude of the pregnant women for diet [19], exposure to nutrition information [3,12,15] and pregnancy related factors [2,20] were explained as a determinant factors even though their signi cance shows variation from setting to setting. Also, as explained by WHO report and ndings from studies, food insecurity is one of the major determining factors for dietary practice of pregnant women, increasing the burden of fetal and maternal risk [21,22].…”

Karakteristik sosial demografi dan konsumsi zat besi pada ibu hamil berdasarkan data Studi Diet Total (SDT) tahun 2014 di Indonesia

“…Pola makan sehat tergambar pada ibu hamil dengan level pendidikan yang lebih tinggi. Hal ini terlihat pada tingkat konsumsi zat besi wanita dengan level pendidikan lebih tinggi, akan cenderung mengonsumsi zat besi lebih tinggi pula (4,5). Lebih lanjut, status ekonomi keluarga juga berpengaruh terhadap kemampuan dan daya beli dalam rumah tangga.…”