Dietary Prevention of Coronary Heart Disease: Long-Term Experiment

Turpeinen, Osmo; Miettinen, M; Karvonen, M. J.; Roine, Paavo; Pekkarinen, Maija; Lehtosuo, E J; Alivirta, Paavali

doi:10.1093/ajcn/21.4.255

Cited by 149 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Epidemiological studies provided irrefutable evidence for a causative role of high-fat diets (HFDs) in the development of atherothrombotic diseases [1][2][3] . It can therefore be assumed that diets low in fat may be beneficial in preventing atherothrombosis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanism of the Antithrombotic Effect of Dietary Diacylglycerol in Atherogenic Mice

Ijiri¹,

Naemura²,

Yamashita³

et al. 2006

Pathophysiol Haemos Thromb

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Introduction: We have shown earlier that diacylglycerol (DAG) but not triacylglycerol (TAG) inhibited thrombus formation. The aim of the present study was to investigate the mechanism of this antithrombotic effect of DAG. Materials and Methods: Four different diets, the (1) Western-style high-fat diet (HFD) containing 20% lipid and 0.05% cholesterol (w/w), (2) TAG-rich and (3) DAG-rich HFDs containing 20% lipid and 0.05% cholesterol, but all lipid replaced by TAG or DAG oil with very similar fatty acid composition and the (4) Japanese-style low-fat diet (LFD) containing 7% oil but no cholesterol were given to apolipoprotein E and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor double-deficient mice. Atherogenicity was assessed by morphology, mapping the whole aorta and measuring the total area of lipid-stained lesions. Endothelial function was measured by the flow-mediated vasodilation test. Platelet reactivity was assessed from native blood sample by a shear-induced platelet function test (hemostatometry). Serum lipoprotein profile was measured by HPLC. Results: Both the Western-style and the TAG-rich HFDs have accelerated atherosclerosis. In contrast, DAG-rich HFD inhibited the atherosclerotic process to an extent comparable with the Japanese-style LFD. There was no significant difference in platelet and coagulant activity between the studied diet groups. DAG-rich but not the TAG-rich HFD significantly suppressed serum LDL cholesterol level. Conclusions: The present findings suggest that the mechanism of antithrombotic and anti-atherogenic effect of DAG may involve the protection of the vascular endothelium from injury and lowered serum LDL cholesterol.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanism of the Antithrombotic Effect of Dietary Diacylglycerol in Atherogenic Mice

Ijiri¹,

Naemura²,

Yamashita³

et al. 2006

Pathophysiol Haemos Thromb

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“…This is related to common diseases like coronary heart diseases, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipoproteinaemia and obesity (1). Publications dealing with the lipid status in epidemiological studies not directly related to risk of the above-mentioned diseases are rare and are also concentrated mainly to industrialized countries (2)(3)(4).…”

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confidence: 99%

Serum lipid pattern in urban and rural thai population.

Pongpaew

Saovakontha

Schelp³

et al. 1978

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology, J Nutr Sci Vit

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SummarySerum cholesterol, triglyceride, phospholipid, total lipid and weight to height ratio were studied in 172 individuals from Bangkok, mainly university staff, and in 247 individuals from rural areas of northeast The lipid status in human blood is mainly investigated in western countries and there with respect to various forms of hyperlipidaemia. This is related to common diseases like coronary heart diseases, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipoproteinaemia and obesity (1). Publications dealing with the lipid status in epidemiological studies not directly related to risk of the above-mentioned diseases are rare and are also concentrated mainly to industrialized countries (2-4). There are almost no available data concerning the lipid status from developing countries. The present study was undertaken in order to start a collection of base line data for the lipid pattern in Thai populations and to correlate serum levels of cholesterol, triglyceride, phospholipid and total lipid to different socio-economic classes found in urban and rural populations. MATERIALS AND METHODSThe subjects who participated in this study were as follows: a total of 172 persons, 101 males and 71 females, mainly lecturers and staff members

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“…Intervention studies have reported improved CHD outcomes and/or risk factors based on defined dietary patterns or comparisons among dietary patterns (63)(64)(65)(66)(67)(68)(69)(70)(71)(72)(73)(74). Although the effect has been attributed, at times, to a single putative component of the diet, a careful review of the data reveals that when energy-containing variables were changed, in all cases there was a displacement of one for the other to avoid confounding by changes in body weight.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Patterns Are Associated with Disease Risk among Participants in the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study3

Horn

Tian

Neuhouser

et al. 2012

The Journal of Nutrition

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Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the leading cause of death in women. A nested case-control study tested whether dietary patterns predicted CHD events among 1224 participants in the Women's Health Initiative-Observational Study (WHI-OS) with centrally confirmed CHD, fatal or nonfatal myocardial infarct compared to 1224 WHI-OS controls matched for age, enrollment date, race/ethnicity, and absence of CHD at baseline or follow-up. The first six principal components explained >75% of variation in dietary intakes and K-mean analysis based on these six components produced three clusters. Diet cluster 1 was rich in carbohydrate, vegetable protein, fiber, dietary vitamin K, folate, carotenoids, α-linolenic acid [18:3(n-3)], linoleic acid [18:2(n-6)], and supplemental calcium and vitamin D. Diet cluster 2 was rich in total and animal protein, arachidonic acid [20:4(n-6)], DHA [22:6(n-3)], vitamin D, and calcium. Diet cluster 3 was rich in energy, total fat, and trans fatty acids (all P < 0.01). Conditional logistic regression analysis demonstrated diet cluster 1 was associated with lower CHD risk than diet cluster 2 (reference group) adjusted for smoking, education, and physical activity [OR = 0.79 (95% CI = 0.64, 0.99); P = 0.038]. This difference was not significant after adjustment for BMI and systolic blood pressure. Diet cluster 3 was associated with higher CHD risk than diet cluster 2 [OR = 1.28 (95% CI = 1.04, 1.57); P = 0.019], but this difference did not remain significant after adjustment for smoking, education, and physical activity. Within this WHI-OS cohort, distinct dietary patterns may be associated with subsequent CHD outcomes.

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Dietary Prevention of Coronary Heart Disease: Long-Term Experiment

Cited by 149 publications

References 41 publications

Mechanism of the Antithrombotic Effect of Dietary Diacylglycerol in Atherogenic Mice

Mechanism of the Antithrombotic Effect of Dietary Diacylglycerol in Atherogenic Mice

Serum lipid pattern in urban and rural thai population.

Dietary Patterns Are Associated with Disease Risk among Participants in the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study3

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