Dietary Probiotics or Synbiotics Supplementation During Gestation, Lactation, and Nursery Periods Modifies Colonic Microbiota, Antioxidant Capacity, and Immune Function in Weaned Piglets

Wang, Kai; Zhu, Qian; Kong, Xiangfeng; Song, Mengya; Azad, Md. Abul Kalam; Li, Xiong; Zheng, Yuzhong; He, Q.

doi:10.3389/fvets.2020.597832

“…ADG is an important metric in pork production because it emphasizes the economic importance of keeping piglets healthy, as stressed piglets display a tendency toward decreased ADG and, therefore, decreased economic output ( 40 ). Higher relative abundances of Lactobacillus have also been associated with enhanced immune health and resilience in piglets, with observations of lower rates of postweaning diarrhea ( 38 ), increased resistance to Salmonella infection ( 41 ) and other enteric pathogens ( 42 ), and increased antioxidant capacity and immunoglobulin levels ( 43 ). Although higher abundances of Lactobacillus were not observed at birth in piglets born in the nondisinfected farrowing environment, the farrowing environment could have influenced a selective pressure for Lactobacillus to increase at day 14 and at weaning.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disinfection of Maternal Environments Is Associated with Piglet Microbiome Composition from Birth to Weaning

Law

¹

,

Lozinski

²

,

Torres

³

et al. 2021

mSphere

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“…Total bacteria counts were inversely correlated with serum LPS level and correlated with ENC levels (Table 5). Intestinal total bacteria counts are lower in animal models of obesity [48] and inflammatory bowel disease [49] and higher in animals treated with prebiotics [50] and probiotics [51,52]. Hence, lower total bacteria counts may indicate dysbiosis, which can cause gut barrier destruction resulting in higher intestinal absorption of bacteria toxins such as LPS and lower ENC levels by neutralizing absorbed LPS.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral and Intestinal Bacterial Substances Associated with Disease Activities in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Cross-Sectional Clinical Study

Kitamura

¹

,

Shionoya

²

,

Suzuki

³

et al. 2022

Journal of Immunology Research

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Intestinal bacterial compositions of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients have been reported to be different from those of healthy people. Dysbiosis, imbalance of the microbiota, is widely known to cause gut barrier damage, resulting in an influx of bacteria and their substances into host bloodstreams in animal studies. However, few studies have investigated the effect of bacterial substances on the pathophysiology of RA. In this study, eighty-seven active RA patients who had inadequate responses to conventional synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs or severe comorbidities were analyzed for correlations between many factors such as disease activities, disease biomarkers, intestinal bacterial counts, fecal and serum lipopolysaccharide (LPS), LPS-binding protein (LBP), endotoxin neutralizing capacity (ENC), and serum antibacterial substance IgG and IgA antibody levels by multiple regression analysis with consideration for demographic factors such as age, sex, smoking, and methotrexate treatment. Serum LBP levels, fecal LPS levels, total bacteria counts, serum anti-LPS from Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg-LPS) IgG antibody levels, and serum anti-Pg-LPS IgA antibody levels were selected for multiple regression analysis using Spearman’s correlation analysis. Serum LBP levels were correlated with disease biomarker levels, such as erythrocyte sedimentation rate ( p < 0.001 ), C-reactive protein ( p < 0.001 ), matrix metalloproteinase-3 ( p < 0.001 ), and IL-6 ( p = 0.001 ), and were inversely correlated with hemoglobin ( p = 0.005 ). Anti-Pg-LPS IgG antibody levels were inversely correlated with activity indices such as patient global assessments using visual analogue scale (VAS) ( p = 0.002 ) and painVAS ( p < 0.001 ). Total bacteria counts were correlated with ENC ( p < 0.001 ), and inversely correlated with serum LPS ( p < 0.001 ) and anti-Pg-LPS IgA antibody levels ( p < 0.001 ). These results suggest that substances from oral and gut microbiota may influence disease activity in RA patients.

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“…According to the protocol described by Wang et al. ( 16 ), samples (~0.1000 g) of the jejunal and ileal mucosa were mixed with PBS (1:9, w:v) and homogenized, and the supernatants were obtained by centrifugation at 2000 × g for 10 min at 4°C. The concentrations of sIgA, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17, IFN-γ, TNF-α, and TGF-β were measured using commercially available porcine-specific ELISA kits (Jiangsu Meimian Industrial Co., Ltd.).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The extracted RNA was reverse-transcribed into cDNA using a PrimeScript RT reagent kit with gDNA Eraser (TaKaRa Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Dalian, China). Real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assays were conducted using the SYBR ® Premix Ex Taq™ Kit (TaKaRa Biotechnology Co., Ltd.) on a LightCycler ® 480 II Real-Time PCR System (Roche, Basel, Switzerland) ( 16 ). The RT-PCR conditions were as follows: initial denaturation at 95°C for 30 s, followed by 40 cycles of denaturation at 95°C for 5 s, annealing at 60°C for 30 s, and a final extension at 72°C for 30 s. Primers were designed and synthesized by Sangon Biotech (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., (Shanghai, China) ( Supplementary Table S4 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Crude Protein Levels Alter Diarrhea Incidence, Immunity, and Intestinal Barrier Function of Huanjiang Mini-Pigs During Different Growth Stages

Liu

¹

,

Azad

²

,

Xitao

³

et al. 2022

Self Cite

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Huanjiang mini-pig is an indigenous pig breed in China; however, the optimal dietary crude protein (CP) levels for this pig breed during different growth stages has not been standardized yet. This study investigated the effects of different CP levels on diarrhea incidence, immunity, and intestinal barrier function in pigs. A total of 360 Huanjiang mini-pigs were assigned to three independent trials and fed the following CP diets: 5−10 kg stage, 14, 16, 18, 20, and 22%; 10−20 kg stage, 12, 14, 16, 18, and 20% and 20−30 kg stage, 10, 12, 14, 16, and 18%. In the 5−10 kg stage, the 22%; diet increased the plasma IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α concentrations compared to the 14−20% diets and decreased IL-10 and TGF-β; however, these results were fluctuated in the later stages, including the decrease of IL-1β and IL-8 in the 20% group, TNF-α in the 18−20% groups, and the increase of IFN-γ in the 20% group at the 10−20 kg stage and the decrease of TNF-α in the 16% group at the 20−30 kg stage. The 20% diet increased the jejunal and ileal IL-10 concentration compared to the 14% diet at the 5−10 kg stage, as well as in the 16% diet compared to the 12% diet at the 10−20 kg stage. In addition, ileal IL-10 concentration was increased in the 16% diet compared to the 10, 12, and 18% diets at the 20−30 kg stage. Furthermore, the 18% diet at the 5−10 kg stage and the 16% diet at the 10−20 kg stage decreased jejunal IL-6 expression, whereas the 20% diet increased the TNF-α and IFN-γ at the 5−10 kg stage. The 20% diet increased the Claudin, Occludin, ZO-1, ZO-2, Mucin-1, and Mucin-20 expressions at the 5−10 kg stage, as well as TLR-2, TLR-4, and NF-κB in the 22 and 20% diets at the 5−10 and 10−20 kg stages, respectively. Collectively, these findings suggest optimal dietary CP levels of 16, 14, and 12% for Huanjiang mini-pigs during the 5−10, 10−20, and 20−30 kg growth stages, respectively; and provide the guiding significance of dietary CP levels for Huanjiang mini-pigs during different growth stages.

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Dietary Probiotics or Synbiotics Supplementation During Gestation, Lactation, and Nursery Periods Modifies Colonic Microbiota, Antioxidant Capacity, and Immune Function in Weaned Piglets

Cited by 18 publications

References 49 publications

Disinfection of Maternal Environments Is Associated with Piglet Microbiome Composition from Birth to Weaning

Disinfection of Maternal Environments Is Associated with Piglet Microbiome Composition from Birth to Weaning

Oral and Intestinal Bacterial Substances Associated with Disease Activities in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Cross-Sectional Clinical Study

Dietary Crude Protein Levels Alter Diarrhea Incidence, Immunity, and Intestinal Barrier Function of Huanjiang Mini-Pigs During Different Growth Stages

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