Dietary Protein Consumption and the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes: ADose-Response Meta-Analysis of Prospective Studies

Fan, Mingxia; Li, Yuqian; Wang, Chongjian; Mao, Zhenxing; Zhou, Wen; Zhang, Lulu; Yang, Xiu; Cui, Songyang; Li, Linlin

doi:10.3390/nu11112783

Cited by 54 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 99 publications

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“…On the other hand, decreased consumption of red meat, fast food, as well as snacks (both salty and sweet) was also reported. White meat and dairy products are beneficial foods which contribute to the prevention of T2DM [ 19 , 20 ]. Increased consumption of fruits and vegetables is associated with a reduced risk of T2DM not only because they contain dietary fibre, essential vitamins and minerals, but also due to the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of their components which include vitamins B and C, carotenoids, and polyphenols [ 21 , 22 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Nutritional and Health Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Patients with Diabetes Mellitus

et al. 2020

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COVID-19 related restrictions aimed at curbing the spread of the coronavirus result in changes in daily routines and physical activity which can have a negative effect on eating and health habits. The aim of the study was to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on patients with diabetes and their nutrition and health behaviours. A survey conducted in July 2020 included 124 individuals with type 1 (n = 90) and 2 (n = 34) diabetes mellitus from Poland. To assess nutritional and health behaviours, an online questionnaire covering basic information, anthropometric data, and details regarding physical activity, eating, and hygiene habits was used. Almost 40% of all respondents with type 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) stated that their disease self-management had significantly improved. Over 60% of all participants declared that they had started eating more nutritious and regular meals during the COVID-19 pandemic. Enhanced hygiene, in particular, during the period, a statistically significant increase in hand sanitiser use was reported by respondents (18% vs. 82%, p < 0.001). The study demonstrated that the pandemic had a significant impact on the behaviour of patients with DM. Improved disease self-management and making healthy, informed food and hygiene choices were observed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Nutritional and Health Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Patients with Diabetes Mellitus

et al. 2020

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“…Furthermore, several randomised controlled trials have demonstrated that increased dietary protein intake or whey protein (one of the two proteins in milk) supplementation increase circulating IGF-1 levels [ 45 – 47 ]. Intake of protein, particularly from animal sources, has been found to be positively associated with type 2 diabetes risk in observational studies [ 48 ]. Additionally, evidence from experimental, observational and MR studies indicates that high circulating levels of branched-chain amino acids, found in high levels in for example whey protein, increase the risk of type 2 diabetes [ 49 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

IGF-1 and cardiometabolic diseases: a Mendelian randomisation study

2020

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Aims/hypothesis Abnormal serum IGF-1 levels are associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. However, the causal role of IGF-1 levels within the normal range in cardiometabolic disease remains unclear. We employed Mendelian randomisation to explore the associations between genetically predicted serum IGF-1 levels and cardiometabolic diseases. Methods Serum IGF-1 levels were predicted using 416 SNPs associated with IGF-1 levels among 358,072 individuals in UK Biobank. Genetic association estimates for the outcomes were obtained from consortia of type 2 diabetes (74,124 cases, 824,006 controls), coronary artery disease (60,801 cases, 123,504 controls), heart failure (47,309 cases, 930,014 controls), atrial fibrillation (65,446 cases, 522,744 controls), and ischaemic stroke (60,341 cases, 454,450 controls). Results Genetic predisposition to elevated serum IGF-1 levels was associated with higher risk of type 2 diabetes and coronary artery disease. The OR (95% CI) per SD increment in IGF-1 level was 1.14 (1.05, 1.24) for type 2 diabetes and 1.09 (1.02, 1.16) for coronary artery disease. The association between IGF-1 and coronary artery disease was attenuated after adjustment for type 2 diabetes (OR 1.06 [95% CI 1.00, 1.13]), suggesting that the association may be partly mediated via type 2 diabetes. There was limited evidence of associations between IGF-1 levels and heart failure, atrial fibrillation and ischaemic stroke. Conclusions/interpretation This study found evidence that increased IGF-1 levels may be causally associated with higher risk of type 2 diabetes.

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“…Evidence from another study showed that a higher intake of dairy products (e.g., milk, yogurt, cheese and whey protein) was beneficial for glucose regulation and reduced the risk of T2DM (34) . Fan et al (35) showed that consuming 200 g/d of milk reduced the risk of diabetes by 9%. Dairy products have abundant nutrient elements such as protein, minerals and fat (36) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary quality is associated with reduced risk of diabetes among adults in Northern China: a cross-sectional study

Tan

Song

et al. 2020

Br J Nutr

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In this study, we analysed the prevalence of diabetes in Inner Mongolia and explored the relationship between dietary patterns and diabetes using the Chinese Dietary Balance Index-16 (DBI-16). This study was a surveillance survey of Chronic Disease and Nutrition Monitoring among Chinese Adults in Inner Mongolia in 2015. Dietary data were collected using the 24-h dietary recall and weighing method over 3 consecutive days. Dietary quality was evaluated via the DBI-16. A generalized linear model was used to examine the associations between the DBI-16 and dietary patterns. The relationship between dietary patterns and diabetes was analysed using logistic regression. In Inner Mongolia, the diabetes prevalence was 8.5%, and the estimated standardized prevalence was 6.0%. Four major dietary patterns were identified: ‘meat/dairy products’, ‘traditional northern’, ‘high cereal/tuber’ and ‘high-salt/alcohol’. Generalized linear models showed that the ‘meat/dairy products’ pattern was relatively balanced (βLBS = −1.993, βHBS = −0.206, βDQD = −2.199; all P<0.05) and was associated with a lower diabetes risk (odds ratio [OR]: 0.565; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.338–0.945; P<0.05) after adjusting for potential confounders. The other three dietary patterns (i.e., ‘traditional northern’, ‘high cereal/tuber’ and ‘high-salt/alcohol’) exhibited relatively unbalanced dietary quality and were unassociated with diabetes risk. Diabetes prevalence in Inner Mongolia was moderate. The dietary quality of the ‘meat/dairy products’ pattern was relatively balanced and was correlated with a decreased risk of diabetes prevalence, suggesting that dietary quality may help decrease the diabetes prevalence and provide a suggestion for local dietary guidelines.

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Dietary Protein Consumption and the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes: ADose-Response Meta-Analysis of Prospective Studies

Cited by 54 publications

References 99 publications

The Nutritional and Health Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Patients with Diabetes Mellitus

The Nutritional and Health Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Patients with Diabetes Mellitus

IGF-1 and cardiometabolic diseases: a Mendelian randomisation study

Dietary quality is associated with reduced risk of diabetes among adults in Northern China: a cross-sectional study

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