Dietary protein intake in sarcopenic obese older women

Abstract

ObjectiveTo determine the prevalence of sarcopenia in a population of obese older women and to assess the effect of a diet moderately rich in proteins on lean mass in sarcopenic obese older women.Materials and methodsA total of 1,030 females, >65 years old, body mass index >30 kg/m2, were investigated about their nutritional status. Muscle mass (MM) was estimated according to the Janssen equation (MM =0.401× height2/resistance measured at 50 kHz +3.825× sex −0.071× age +5.102). Sarcopenia was defined according to the MM index, MM/height2 (kg/m2), as two standard deviations lower than the obesity-derived cutoff score (7.3 kg/m2). A food-frequency questionnaire was used to measure participants’ usual food intake during the previous 3 months. Moreover, a group of sarcopenic obese older women (n=104) was divided in two subgroups: the first (normal protein intake [NPI], n=50) administered with a hypocaloric diet (0.8 g/kg desirable body weight/day of proteins), and the second treated with a hypocaloric diet containing 1.2 g/kg desirable body weight/day of proteins (high protein intake [HPI], n=54), for 3 months. Dietary ingestion was estimated according to a daily food diary, self-administered, and three reports of nonconsecutive 24-hour recall every month during the follow-up.ResultsThe 104 women were classified as sarcopenic. After dieting, significant reductions in body mass index were detected (NPI 30.7±1.3 vs 32.0±2.3 kg/m2, HPI 30.26±0.90 vs 31.05±2.90 kg/m2; P<0.01 vs baseline). The MM index presented significant variations in the NPI as well as in the HPI sarcopenic group (NPI 6.98±0.1 vs 7.10±0.2 kg/m2, HPI 7.13±0.4 vs 6.96±0.1 kg/m2; P<0.01 vs baseline).ConclusionA diet moderately rich in proteins was able to preserve MM in sarcopenic women. Therefore, adequate protein intake could contribute to the prevention of lean-mass loss associated with weight reduction in obese older people.

Inappropriate nutrients intake is associated with lower functional status and inferior quality of life in older adults with depression

“…Only 28 (43%) of our patients with depression and 44 (68%) of the control group obtained more than 15% of their energy from protein sources. A consequence of inadequate protein intake is a negative nitrogen balance and the decline of protein levels, especially that of skeletal muscle proteins 31. In our study, a higher percentage protein intake was associated with better functional and cognitive status.…”

Amelioration of estrogen deficiency-induced obesity by collagen hydrolysate

“…A previous study has reported that protein intake can prevent muscle mass loss associated with weight loss in obese older women 25. Another study reports that using gelatin as a single diet protein results in appetite suppression in adults, which is more significant than using casein 26.…”

Should weight loss in elderly people be recommended?

“…[38], na podstawie oceny zależności pomiędzy fenotypem metabolicznie zdrowych otyłych starszych (metabolically healthy obese -MHO) -5314 osób w średnim wieku 68 lat -a wystąpieniem ryzyka chorób sercowo-naczyniowych, wskazują, że występowanie otyłości u badanych (bez zespołu metabolicznego) nie zwiększa ryzyka chorób układu sercowo-fat mass is accompanied by decreased muscle mass, while obesity masks muscle mass deficiency and undernutrition [35]. The incidence of sarcopenic obesity increases with age irrespective of gender, from 13.5% in men under 70 to 17.5% in men over 80, and from 5.3% in women under 70 to 8.4% in women over 80 [41], resulting in an increased risk of impaired mobility and disability, as well as increased morbidity and overall mortality. Baumgartner et al define sarcopenic obesity as a value of the relative muscle mass index (muscle mass against square height).…”