Dietary quercetin improved growth, body composition, haematology, immunity and resistance to Aeromonas hydrophila infection in common carp ( Cyprinus carpio )

Abstract

The present study was conducted to evaluate the growth, immunity, haematology, antioxidant components and resistances to Aeromonas hydrophila infection in the common carp, Cyprinus carpio fed quercetin (QUR) enriched diet. A number of 360 fish (30.5 ± 1.5 g) were distributed into 12 tanks (30 fish/tank) in three replicates and fed experimental diets containing 0% (control), 0.1% (1 g/kg diet), 0.5% (5 g/kg diet) and 1% (10 g/kg diet) QUR for 60 days. Based on the results, the survival and growth performance (weight gain [%], specific growth rate and feed conversion ratio) improved in response to dietary QUR (p < 0.01). The analysis of fish body composition indicated higher content of protein in 0.5% and 1% QUR-supplemented fish compared to others (p < 0.01). The plasma (complement activity, IgM content, lysozyme activity, bactericidal activity, total protein, total albumin) and mucus (IgM content, lysozyme activity) immune components significantly increased almost all in the supplemented fish compared to those in the control group; however, the highest values were observed in group of 1% QUR (p < 0.01). The mucosal protease and alkaline phosphatase increased only in fish fed 1% QUR (p < 0.01). The expression of the immune-related genes (C3, Lyz and IgM) significantly increased in response to 0.5 and 1% QUR compared to control (p < 0.01). The expression of the inflammatory genes, tumour necrosis factorα (TNFα) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) significantly declined in fish fed 1% QUR compared to supplemented fish. The activity of liver antioxidant enzymes [superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT)] was also increased by QUR supplementation. The highest liver antioxidant enzyme activity was found in group of 1% QUR (p < 0.01). The QUR supplementation also affected haematology of the fish. In this regard, the values of RBC, Hct and WBC significantly elevated in response to dietary QUR (p < 0.01). The MCHC and MCH indices significantly increased in fish fed 0.5 and 1% QUR compared to other diets (p < 0.01). As an indicator of oxidative stress, the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) showed no significant differences between the experimental groups (p > 0.01). The fish supplemented with 0.5 and 1% QUR significantly showed higher survival rate after challenge with A. hydrophila compared to other experimental groups (p < 0.01). In conclusion, QUR at optimal

Morphometric and meristic characteristics of pabda catfish (Ompok pabda) reared in biofloc and traditional culture system

“…Our results showed consistency with the above findings, where we found the morphological variation between two culture systems and most of the morphometric characters showed a strong significant correlation with TL in the case of BFT‐reared fishes. This variance might result from an additional food supply that is constantly available in the BFT system because biofloc contains many bioactive substances, including chlorophylls, carotenoids, phytosterols, bromophenols, polysaccharides, fat‐soluble vitamins and amino sugars (Tasleem et al., 2024; Zhao et al., 2016). The abundance of vitamins, minerals and other nutrients in biofloc's bioactive components makes it beneficial to the health of cultured species (Ahmad et al., 2017; Jang et al., 2011; Popoola & Miracle, 2022; Xu & Pan 2013).…”

“…In this context, biofloc technology (BFT) can be a good approach towards achieving sustainability in pabda fish production; BFT has been evaluated as en effective system for cleaner production of carp and catfishes, enriching food sources, reducing cost for feed, improving water quality and increasing production with better body quality, enzymatic activity, growth and survival (Abakari et al., 2021; Arumugam et al., 2023; Khanjani et al., 2023, 2024; Paul et. al., 2024; Tasleem et al., 2024; Yu et al., 2023). Despite increasing demand and the introduction of modern farming methods, morphometric studies on O. pabda are still lacking.…”

Effect of Quercetin Nanoparticles on Hepatic and Intestinal Enzymes and Stress-Related Genes in Nile Tilapia Fish Exposed to Silver Nanoparticles

“…It can also lower serum and whole body lipids, and modulate heavy metal toxicities [ 42 ]. Moreover, it showed antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa [ 43 ], A. hydrophila in Nile tilapia [ 40 ], and common carp ( Cyprinus carpio ) [ 44 ]. Despite these effective activities, the use of quercetin is restricted because of poor bioavailability and instability.…”