Dietary Regulation of Amylase Activity Levels in Flour Beetles (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae): (Tribolium)

Wool, David; Namir, Zehava; Bergerson, Orna

doi:10.1093/aesa/79.3.407

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…In the first 6 generations on all diets except unenriched flour, mean amylase activity levels were higher than in the control by an average of about 1 amylase unit/individual. We have shown in previous publications (Wool, Namir & Bergerson, 1986;) that amylase activity in Tribolium is affected by dietary components, and that in response to feeding on some diets, amylase activity increases relative to the standard diet. In later generations, the means of OAT, BON, and Y gradually increased to reach values 2 or 3 units higher than the control.…”

Section: Temporal Changes In Amylase Activitymentioning

confidence: 78%

“…(Fig. 5) This may have been caused by the direct environmental stimulation of the enzyme (Wool, Namir & Bergerson, 1986): No such increase was observed in F (selected on unenriched flour). It is, however, not so easy to explain why mean activity in 4 selected populations increased from generation 6 onwards.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Amylase activity was measured colorimetrically in homogenates of at least ten individual beeties per population every generation. We used the dinitrosalicylic acid (DNS) reagent (Bernfeld, 1955) which was used in previous studies with Tribolium in our laboratory (Wool & Noiman, 1980;Wool & Shirtz, 1984;Wool, 1984;Wool, Namir & Bergerson, 1986). As in the previous work, colorimeter readings were converted to amylase units by running control samples containing known concentrations of mal-5 tose instead of the homogenate.…”

Section: Measures Of Adaptednessmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similarly adults from FY and ORZ were held on powdered rice. These two diets induced increased amylase activity in Tribolium (Wool, Namir & Bergerson, 1986). Then all adults were frozen at -20 °C, homogenized and tested for amylase activity.…”

Section: Temporal Changes In Amylase Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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The process of adaptation of flour beetles to new environments

Bergerson

Wool

1988

Genetica

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Five populations derived from a composite, genetically heterogeneous strain of the flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum, were selected on new diets (dog food, powdered rice, brewers' yeast, wheat flour and oats) for 13 -16 generations. A control population was reared on the standard medium (flour + 5°7o brewers' yeast). Adaptedness was measured in terms of (1) fitness parameters (survival and developmental time), (2) amylase activity levels (amylase is an essential digestive enzyme in flour beetles) and (3) food preference behavior.There were significant temporal trends in fitness components in the selected populations. Survival was initially low but increased with time. Developmental time decreased in later generations of selection. The control population showed the smallest increase in survival and no decrease in developmental time. When tested at the end of the experiment, survival to adulthood of eggs from each selected population on its selective diet was higher than that of control eggs. On the standard medium, no differences in survival among populations were detected. These results suggest that the improvement in fitness may indicate adaptation to the new environments created by the different food media.Amylase activity also increased temporally in 4 selected populations but not in the control (nor on unenriched wheat flour). Tests at the end of the experiment, however, suggest that this increase was, in large part, environmentally induced. We found no evidence that an adaptive genetic change in amylase regulation took place.There were no temporal trends in food-preference behavior during the selection process.

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Section: Temporal Changes In Amylase Activitymentioning

confidence: 78%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Measures Of Adaptednessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Temporal Changes In Amylase Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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The process of adaptation of flour beetles to new environments

Bergerson

Wool

1988

Genetica

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“…The midgut amylolytic activity was not changed in larvae fed B + C when compared to the controls. It was found that the activity of amylase is dependent upon the nutritive constituents of the diet (Yamazaki & Matsuo, 1983;Wool et al, 1986). Our previous investigations showed that 6~o of dietary starch inhibits the activity of midgut amylase in M. funereus larvae, whereas 3 ~o of it did not alter the enzyme activity in comparison with the control (Ivanovi6, 1968).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Joint effects of temperature, food quality, and season on the development of the cerambycid Morimus funereus under laboratory conditions

Stanić

Janković-Hladni

Ivanović

et al. 1989

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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The effects of constant temperature (23 °C), food quality (B, natural diet i.e. powdered oak bark; B + C, natural diet enriched with powdered sweet crackers) and season on larval development of the cerambycid Morimus funereus L. were studied. The temperature of 23 °C exerted an unfavourable effect on larvae collected from oak stumps in September and bred on B; i.e. the larvae died within 30 days. When the larvae consumed B + C the unfavourable effect of temperature was abolished and the larvae increased their weight by 543%, 897% and 1179% in 1, 2 and 3 months, respectively. Newly hatched summer‐ and winter‐larvae developed successfully on B + C, while all the winter‐larvae died within 40 days on B. Larvae of an identical parentage hatched in different phases of the annual cycle and showed seasonal differences in the rate of development and survival when reared on B + C at 23 °C. The fastest development and the highest survival rate were observed in larvae which emerged in early‐ and midsummer, whereas the slowest development and the lowest survival rate were in those hatched in late summer. The synchronized seasonal changes of adults and their offspring, as expressed at different levels of biological organization, suggest the existence of an endogenous annual rhythm which is dependent upon the expression of different genes in the course of the annual cycle. Résumé Effects combinés au laboratoire de la température, de la qualité de l'aliment et de la saison sur le développement du cérambycide, Morinus funereus L'étude a porté sur les effets d'une température constante (23 °C), de la qualité de l'aliment, ‐B = aliment naturel, c'est‐à‐dire de l'écorce de chêne pulvérisée; B + C = aliment naturel enrichi avec de la poudre de biscuits sucrés –, et de la saison sur le développement larvaire de M. funereus L. La température de 23 °C a été défavorable aux larves récoltées en septembre dans des souches de chênes et élevées sur aliment B: les larves étaient mortes en 30 jours. Avec aliment B + C, l'effet défavorable a été neutralisé et le poids des larves augmenté de 543%, 897% et 1179% en 1, 2 et 3 mois. Des larves néonates d'été ou d'hiver se sont bien développées sur B + C, mais toutes les larves d'hiver étaient mortes sur B en 40 j. Des larves de mêmes parents, écloses à différentes époques de l'année, ont présenté des différences saisonnières du taux de survie et de la vitesse de développement lors de leur élevage à 23 °C sur B + C. Le développement le plus rapide et la meilleure survie ont été obtenus avec des larves écloses au début ou au milieu de l'été; tandis que le développement le plus lent et la plus mauvaise survie ont été obtenus avec les larves écloses à la fin de l'été. Les changements saisonniers synchrones des adultes et de leurs descendants, exprimés à différents niveaux d'organisation biologique, suggèrent l'existence d'un rythme annuel endogène qui dépend de l'expression de différents gènes au cours du cycle annuel.

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10.1007/BF00186999

2011

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Dietary Regulation of Amylase Activity Levels in Flour Beetles (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae): (Tribolium)

Cited by 11 publications

References 0 publications

The process of adaptation of flour beetles to new environments

The process of adaptation of flour beetles to new environments

Joint effects of temperature, food quality, and season on the development of the cerambycid Morimus funereus under laboratory conditions

10.1007/BF00186999

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