Dietary Salt Intake and Gastric Cancer Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Wu, Bo; Yang, Dehua; Yang, Shuhan; Zhang, Guangzhe

doi:10.3389/fnut.2021.801228

Cited by 44 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 58 publications

(42 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…A high-salt diet is a well-established risk factor for cardiac, vascular, autoimmune and chronic inflammatory diseases [ 47 , 48 , 49 ]. Although a direct correlation between high-salt diet and human breast cancer is not readily available in the scientific literature, there are some apparently contradictory findings on the relationship between salt diet and gastric cancer in human versus pre-clinical models [ 50 , 51 , 52 ]. Human studies by Wilck et al demonstrated that HS diet induces the depletion of Lactobacilus , generally considered good bacteria, in the gut microbiome, leading to the aggravation of autoimmune diseases in a murine model [ 53 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-Salt Diet Reduces Anti-CTLA4 Mediated Systemic Immune-Related Adverse Events while Retaining Therapeutic Efficacy against Breast Cancer

Khandekar

Dahunsi

Esteve

et al. 2022

Biology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy has revolutionized the breast cancer treatment landscape. However, ICI-induced systemic inflammatory immune-related adverse events (irAE) remain a major clinical challenge. Previous studies in our laboratory and others have demonstrated that a high-salt (HS) diet induces inflammatory activation of CD4+T cells leading to anti-tumor responses. In our current communication, we analyzed the impact of dietary salt modification on therapeutic and systemic outcomes in breast-tumor-bearing mice following anti-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA4) monoclonal antibody (mAb) based ICI therapy. As HS diet and anti-CTLA4 mAb both exert pro-inflammatory activation of CD4+T cells, we hypothesized that a combination of these would lead to enhanced irAE response, while low-salt (LS) diet through blunting peripheral inflammatory action of CD4+T cells would reduce irAE response. We utilized an orthotopic murine breast tumor model by injecting Py230 murine breast cancer cells into syngeneic C57Bl/6 mice. In an LS diet cohort, anti-CTLA4 mAb treatment significantly reduced tumor progression (day 35, 339 ± 121 mm3), as compared to isotype mAb (639 ± 163 mm3, p < 0.05). In an HS diet cohort, treatment with anti-CTLA4 reduced the survival rate (day 80, 2/15) compared to respective normal/regular salt (NS) diet cohort (8/15, p < 0.05). Further, HS plus anti-CTLA4 mAb caused an increased expression of inflammatory cytokines (IFNγ and IL-1β) in lung infiltrating and peripheral circulating CD4+T cells. This inflammatory activation of CD4+T cells in the HS plus anti-CTLA4 cohort was associated with the upregulation of inflammasome complex activity. However, an LS diet did not induce any significant irAE response in breast-tumor-bearing mice upon treatment with anti-CTLA4 mAb, thus suggesting the role of high-salt diet in irAE response. Importantly, CD4-specific knock out of osmosensitive transcription factor NFAT5 using CD4cre/creNFAT5flox/flox transgenic mice caused a downregulation of high-salt-mediated inflammatory activation of CD4+T cells and irAE response. Taken together, our data suggest that LS diet inhibits the anti-CTLA4 mAb-induced irAE response while retaining its anti-tumor efficacy.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-Salt Diet Reduces Anti-CTLA4 Mediated Systemic Immune-Related Adverse Events while Retaining Therapeutic Efficacy against Breast Cancer

Khandekar

Dahunsi

Esteve

et al. 2022

Biology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Data suggested that the IL‐17F produced by salt‐induced Th17 cells activated the MAPK signalling in breast cancer cells 152 . In humans, high salt intake is a risk factor for lung, testicular, bladder, 182 renal cell, 183 pancreatic, 184 oesophageal 181 and gastric cancer 180 . Particularly, an HSD can promote Helicobacter pylori infection, gastric mucosa damage, hypergastrinemia and cell proliferation, therefore contributing to gastric carcinogenesis 153 .…”

Section: The Effect Of High‐salt Diet On Immune‐regulated Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The modulatory effect of high salt on immune cells and related diseases

Alu

Wei

et al. 2022

Cell Proliferation

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: The adverse effect of excessive salt intake has been recognized in decades. Researchers have mainly focused on the association between salt intake and hypertension. However, studies in recent years have proposed the existence of extra-renal sodium storage and provided insight into the immunomodulatory function of sodium.Objectives: In this review, we discuss the modulatory effects of high salt on various innate and adaptive immune cells and immune-regulated diseases. Methods: We identified papers through electronic searches of PubMed database from inception to March 2022. Results: An increasing body of evidence has demonstrated that high salt can modulate the differentiation, activation and function of multiple immune cells. Furthermore, a high-salt diet can increase tissue sodium concentrations and influence the immune responses in microenvironments, thereby affecting the development of immune-regulated diseases, including hypertension, multiple sclerosis, cancer and infections. These findings provide a novel mechanism for the pathology of certain diseases and indicate that salt might serve as a target or potential therapeutic agent in different disease contexts. Conclusion: High salt has a profound impact on the differentiation, activation and function of multiple immune cells. Additionally, an HSD can modulate the development of various immune-regulated diseases. | INTRODUCTIONSalt (NaCl), common in our daily life, can be found naturally in various foods and is used in food manufacturing, the chemical industry, clinical therapy and so forth. For instance, salty condiments contain plenty of NaCl, whereas saline is the most frequently administered intravenous fluid. 1 Although salt is necessary for the human body, excessive salt intake can be detrimental and increase the risk of diseases such as hypertension, heart failure and renal disease. 2 In addition, the immunomodulatory function of salt has been reported. Early studies found that high salt increased the cytokine production in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). 3,4 In the past decades, growing evidence has indicated that high salt can influence various immune cells. Moreover, a high-salt diet (HSD) has a pronounced effect on immuneregulated diseases, and salt is potentially applied in immune therapy. This review will summarize some of the recent advances in the

show abstract

“…Meanwhile, soybean protein ingredients are considered as key components of plant protein-based dietary patterns for their high quality and proven health benefits. , A series of epidemiological studies from East Asian countries (China, Japan, and Korea) indicated that high consumption of non-fermented soybean foods was associated with a decreased risk of gastric cancer (GC). − GC is the third most common cause of cancer-related deaths in the world and one of the most frequent cancers in East Asian countries, especially in China, where the morbidity and mortality of GC were 480,000 and 500,000 in 2017, respectively . It has been suggested that the major risk factors of GC are high-sodium diets , and Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infections .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Digestion Resistance of Soybean 7S Protein and Its Implications for Reinforcing the Gastric Mucus Barrier

Han

Feng

et al. 2022

J. Agric. Food Chem.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Previous studies have found that soybean protein, especially soybean 7S protein (β-conglycinin), exhibits digestion resistance, but the mechanism of digestion resistance and its implications for human health are still unclear. Here, we show that the extracted soybean 7S protein contains both oligomer globulins and amyloid aggregates, while the gastric digested soybean 7S protein only contains amyloid aggregates and thus exhibits digestion resistance. An animal experiment shows that un-digestible soybean 7S protein effectively prevents aspirin-induced acute gastric mucosa damage. The impacts of un-digestible soybean 7S protein on gastric mucus barrier properties are investigated using quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D), Langmuir monolayer, and multiple particle tracking (MPT). Results show that these un-digestible protein aggregates can penetrate into gastric mucus, increase the viscosity and compactness of the mucin layer, and reinforce the gastric mucus barrier properties. The findings are helpful to understand that high consumption of non-fermented soybean foods is associated with a decreased risk of gastric cancer.

show abstract

Dietary Salt Intake and Gastric Cancer Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Cited by 44 publications

References 58 publications

Low-Salt Diet Reduces Anti-CTLA4 Mediated Systemic Immune-Related Adverse Events while Retaining Therapeutic Efficacy against Breast Cancer

Low-Salt Diet Reduces Anti-CTLA4 Mediated Systemic Immune-Related Adverse Events while Retaining Therapeutic Efficacy against Breast Cancer

The modulatory effect of high salt on immune cells and related diseases

Digestion Resistance of Soybean 7S Protein and Its Implications for Reinforcing the Gastric Mucus Barrier

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About